Peace Agreements Database

Country/entity

Uganda

Region

Africa (excl MENA)

Agreement name

Agreement on Implementation and Monitoring Mechanisms

Date

29/02/2008

Agreement status

Multiparty signed/agreed

Interim arrangement

No

Agreement/conflict level

Intrastate/intrastate conflict (Ugandan Conflicts (1970 - )

Uganda has long experienced tensions along ethnic, religious and national lines. On independence in 1962, Ugandan politics were defined by smaller monarchies, among which the Southern Kingdom of Buganda dominated the national sphere. Resistance to this system was the campaign platform of the Uganda People’s Congress (UPC) led by Milton Obote, who won the 1962 elections. Tension between the Buganda’s ruler King Mutesa II and Obote with his then-ally Idi Amin, led to Obote changing the constitution, abolishing the monarchic system and thus, centralizing power. However, a split between Obote and Amin eventually led to a military coup d’état in 1970, which brought Amin the presidency where he instituted his genocidal regime.

Despite economic collapse, President Amin was only removed from power following a failed attempt at invading Tanzania in 1979, whereby the Tanzanian counter-attack alongside forces loyal to former-President Obote toppled Amin. Authoritarianism continued under the new regime, after Obote won the 1980 elections under dubious circumstances, and in 1985, Obote was once again deposed in a coup. Out of the fray, Yoweri Museveni and the National Resistance Army (NRA) captured the presidency in 1986 and began instituting economic and democratic reforms.

Resistance to Museveni, however, continued with various insurgencies across the country including by former-supporters of President Obote or President Amin. Other insurgencies based on chiliastic beliefs based on the return of Jesus Christ, most notably the Holy Spirit Movement, fought in the late 1980s before splintering into several smaller factions. One such faction later became the Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA) led by Joseph Kony. Many of the 22 or more insurgency groups estimated to contain more than 40,000 insurgents, operate from across the Ugandan border and are based in either South Sudan or the Democratic Republic of Congo.

Ugandan Conflicts (1970 - ) )

Stage

Implementation/renegotiation (Addresses new or outstanding issues)

Conflict nature

Government

Peace process

120: Uganda peace process

Parties

Hon. Ruhakana Rugunda (Dr) Minister of Internal Affairs and Head of GoU Delegation.

Dr David Nyekorach Matsanga, Leader of the LRA/M Delegation.

Third parties

Witnessed by:

H.E. Lt. General Riek Machar Teny-Dhurgon (PhD), Vice President, Government of Southern Sudan and Chief Mediator of the Peace Talks.

H.E. Joaquim Alberto Chissano, United Nations Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for the LRA affected areas.

H.E. Andre M Kapanga (PhD), for the Government of the Democratic Republic of Congo.

H.E. Japheth R. Getugi, for the Government of the Republic of Kenya.

H.E. Nsavike G. Ndatta, for the Government of the United Republic of Tanzania.

L.t Gen. (Rtd.) Gilbert Lebeko Ramano, for the Government of the Republic of South Africa.

Mr. Roeland van de Geer, EU Special Representative for the Great Lakes Region

H.E. Bryan E. Burton, for the Government of Canada.

Mr Timothy R. Shortley, Senior Advisor to the Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs, for the Government of the United States of America.

Description

This agreement concerns the monitoring and implementation mechanisms of the Final Peace Agreement. Implementation mechanisms include, an Oversight Forum and a Joint Liaison Group, supported by the chief mediator. A transitional period of one month shall start immediately after the signing of the Final Peace Agreement. Finally, on the basis of the steps taken under clause 36, the Government shall request the UN Security Council to adopt a resolution under Chapter VII of the Charter of the UN, requesting the ICC to defer all investigations and prosecutions against the leaders of the Lord’s Resistance Army.

Agreement document

UG_080229_Agreement Implementation_Monitoring Mech.pdf []

Main category

Page 2, Implementation Commitments and Monitoring

5. In the monitoring and verification, gender sensitive mechanisms shall
be adopted.

Women, girls and gender

Participation

No specific mention.

Equality

No specific mention.

Particular groups of women

No specific mention.

International law

No specific mention.

New institutions

No specific mention.

Violence against women

No specific mention.

Transitional justice

No specific mention.

Institutional reform

No specific mention.

Development

No specific mention.

Implementation

Women's role and consideration in implementation of the agreement

Page 2, Implementation Commitments and Monitoring, 5. In the monitoring and verification, gender sensitive mechanisms shall be adopted.

Other

No specific mention.