Acuerdo Especial para la Instalación de una Mesa de Diálogos y Negociaciones de Paz entre las Delegaciones del Gobierno nacional y del EMC de las FARC-EP

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Country/entity: Colombia
Region: Americas
Agreement name: Acuerdo Especial para la Instalación de una Mesa de Diálogos y Negociaciones de Paz entre las Delegaciones del Gobierno nacional y del EMC de las FARC-EP
Date: 2 Sep 2023
Agreement status: Multiparty signed/agreed
Interim arrangement: Yes
Agreement/conflict level: Intrastate/intrastate conflict
Colombian Conflict (1964 - )
The Colombian conflict is really a set of conflicts and the peace agreements reflect both different processes relating to different conflict groups and dyads, and processes taking place at different times in a complex peace process history. The Colombian civil war has its roots in the late 1940s and the violent infighting between liberal and the conservative factions. Emerging from the liberal tradition with a thorough grounding in nationalist communist ideology, the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia—People's Army (FARC) began its armed insurrection against the Colombian government in 1964. Other left-wing guerrillas emerged as well, most notably the socialist/populist M-19, which would later be integrated into the formal political system in the peace process of 1990s; the National Liberation Army (ELN), which has strong roots in liberation theology, and the Maoist Ejército Popular de Liberación (EPL) (also part of the 1990 process, less successfully). Several stages of peace processes were undertaken by the various sides, which were further complicated by the emergence of right-wing paramilitary ‘self-defence’ forces. The peace agreement between the Colombian government under President Uribe and the main alliance of the paramilitary groups, the United Self-Defence Forces of Colombia (AUC), concluded in 2005 and is still heavily disputed as several remnants are still active, but now subsumed under the heading ‘Bacrim’ (Bandas criminales). In addition, FARC and ELN maintain a military presence, but both demonstrate a strong interest in completing successful peace negotiations with the government, with the most recent agreements being between FARC and the Government.
Stage: Pre-negotiation/process
Conflict nature: Government/territory
Peace process: Colombia VII - Petro Peace Dialogues with FARC-EP
Parties: The National Government of Colombia
(handwritten signatures some of them illegible, some of them partially legible: DCAIHR, Yezis Artets R., Illegible, Feliciano Valencia, Genny Calvo O., Illegible, Carlos J. Murgas D., Oscar G. Salazar, Gloria (illegible), Luis Novo Diaz, Illegible, Humberto Shikiya, CONSEJO MUNDIAL DE IGLESIAS CMI ACOMPAÑANTE (illegible), Raul Rosendo, Misión ONU Acompañante, Observador (illegible), DAG NAGODIA, EMBAJADA DE NORUEGA TESTIGO, Illegible, Gill Bertrand, Unión Europea, Testigo, Illegible.)

The Central Major State of the FARC-EP
(handwritten signatures some of them illegible, some of them partially legible: Angela Iguiquierdo, LUZ DARY LANDAZURY S., Fernanda Briand, Oscar Salaz., JAVIER 33., Josetomas (illegible),. Sebastián Martínez, FRANCO RAMIREZ, Illegible, Illegible, EDELMA GOMEZ MAPP-OEA, Eliécer Soto A. Pbro. Delegado por la Conferencia Episcopal de Colombia Acompañante, Observado, Illegible, Philipp Lustenberger, Suiza, Testigo, Illegible, Illegible, Embajada de Irlanda, Testiga.
Third parties: -
Description: A short agreement between the National Government of Colombia and the Central Major State of the FARC-EP on the installation of a Dialogue Table in the first meeting between the peace delegations. It sets out permanent accompaniers to the Dialogue Table, and notes further adjustment to related protocols, as well as plans to initiate ceasefires, though the date and time on which the ceasefires begin, and whether they are temporary or permanent is unclear. Confidence-building measures are to be developed. A further meeting between the delegations is planned on 17 September 2023.

Agreement document: CO_230902_Acuerdo Especial para la Instalación de una Mesa de Diálogos y Negociaciones_EN (opens in new tab) | Download PDF
Agreement document (original language): CO_230902_Acuerdo Especial para la Instalación de una Mesa de Diálogos y Negociaciones (opens in new tab)| Download PDF

Groups

Children/youth: No specific mention.
Disabled persons: No specific mention.
Elderly/age: No specific mention.
Migrant workers: No specific mention.
Racial/ethnic/national group: No specific mention.
Religious groups: No specific mention.
Indigenous people: No specific mention.
Other groups: No specific mention.
Refugees/displaced persons: No specific mention.
Social class: No specific mention.

Gender

Women, girls and gender: No specific mention.
Men and boys: No specific mention.
LGBTI: No specific mention.
Family: No specific mention.

State definition

Nature of state (general): No specific mention.
State configuration: No specific mention.
Self determination: No specific mention.
Referendum: No specific mention.
State symbols: No specific mention.
Independence/secession: No specific mention.
Accession/unification: No specific mention.
Border delimitation: No specific mention.
Cross-border provision: No specific mention.

Governance

Political institutions (new or reformed): No specific mention.
Elections: No specific mention.
Electoral commission: No specific mention.
Political parties reform: No specific mention.
Civil society: No specific mention.
Traditional/religious leaders: No specific mention.
Public administration: No specific mention.
Constitution: No specific mention.

Power sharing

Political power sharing: No specific mention.
Territorial power sharing: No specific mention.
Economic power sharing: No specific mention.
Military power sharing: No specific mention.

Human rights and equality

Human rights/RoL general: Convinced of the need to promote and contribute to a Political Agreement from the territories, communities, social sectors and citizens, that definitively eradicates the causes that generate the current social and armed conflict, and tends to the respect of life, liberties and the full rights of civilians who are at the centre of peace,
4. We will develop eight (8) humanitarian verification missions in the regions of the following departments:
Antioquia, Arauca, Cauca, Huila, Nariño, Norte de Santander, Putumayo and Sur de Bolivar, with the purpose of formulating recommendations for the application of IHL based on the broad listening of all citizens and institutions.
The Bilateral Ceasefire will aim to reduce confrontation and violence, apply IHL and develop actions aimed at:
10. The parties reserve their legitimate right to defence and will maintain their own security measures and necessary actions within the framework of respect for International Humanitarian Law.
Bill of rights/similar: No specific mention.
Treaty incorporation: No specific mention.
Civil and political rights: Human rights and equality→Civil and political rights→Life
Convinced of the need to promote and contribute to a Political Agreement from the territories, communities, social sectors and citizens, that definitively eradicates the causes that generate the current social and armed conflict, and tends to the respect of life, liberties and the full rights of civilians who are at the centre of peace,
Human rights and equality→Civil and political rights→Liberty and security of person
Convinced of the need to promote and contribute to a Political Agreement from the territories, communities, social sectors and citizens, that definitively eradicates the causes that generate the current social and armed conflict, and tends to the respect of life, liberties and the full rights of civilians who are at the centre of peace,
Socio-economic rights: No specific mention.

Rights related issues

Citizenship: No specific mention.
Democracy: No specific mention.
Detention procedures: No specific mention.
Media and communication: No specific mention.
Mobility/access: No specific mention.
Protection measures: Rights related issues→Protection measures→Protection of civilians
3. We will continue the joint work preliminary to the installation of the Peace Dialogue Table with i) Adjustment to the protocols of respect for the population and bilateral and temporary ceasefire of national character, and protection of the communities and civilian population, in general, and implementation of mechanisms of Oversight, Monitoring and Verification, in its national and local points;
promoting the participation of society in the peace process, minimising risks to the security and protection of the civilian population and communities, members of the security forces, the FARC-EP's Central Major State and building confidence between the parties to the conflict.
7. The parties will continue to develop confidence-building measures and actions aimed at the respect, protection and participation of the civilian population in the process.
Rights related issues→Protection measures→Protection of groups
11. Arrangements and mechanisms for the security and protection of the parties`s peace dialogue delegations will be established.
Other: No specific mention.

Rights institutions

NHRI: No specific mention.
Regional or international human rights institutions: No specific mention.

Justice sector reform

Criminal justice and emergency law: No specific mention.
State of emergency provisions: No specific mention.
Judiciary and courts: No specific mention.
Prisons and detention: No specific mention.
Traditional Laws: No specific mention.

Socio-economic reconstruction

Development or socio-economic reconstruction: No specific mention.
National economic plan: No specific mention.
Natural resources: No specific mention.
International funds: No specific mention.
Business: No specific mention.
Taxation: No specific mention.
Banks: No specific mention.

Land, property and environment

Land reform/rights: No specific mention.
Pastoralist/nomadism rights: No specific mention.
Cultural heritage: No specific mention.
Environment: As a guarantee for developing a peace process with structural transformations, social and environmental justice and the necessary conditions for broad and effective participation.
The parties reaffirm their firm intention to advance towards the construction of a Peace Agreement that puts an end to the armed confrontation and seeks to achieve a comprehensive, stable and lasting peace, with social and environmental justice.
Water or riparian rights or access: No specific mention.

Security sector

Security Guarantees: 10. The parties reserve their legitimate right to defence and will maintain their own security measures and necessary actions within the framework of respect for International Humanitarian Law.
11. Arrangements and mechanisms for the security and protection of the parties`s peace dialogue delegations will be established.
Ceasefire: Security sector→Ceasefire→General commitments
3. We will continue the joint work preliminary to the installation of the Peace Dialogue Table with i) Adjustment to the protocols of respect for the population and bilateral and temporary ceasefire of national character, and protection of the communities and civilian population, in general, and implementation of mechanisms of Oversight, Monitoring and Verification, in its national and local points;
5. Initiate the functioning of the Table of Peace Dialogues, together with the entry into force of the decrees on respect for the civilian population, communities and the Bilateral, Temporary, Territorial and National Ceasefire.
The Bilateral Ceasefire will aim to reduce confrontation and violence, apply IHL and develop actions aimed at:
promoting the participation of society in the peace process, minimising risks to the security and protection of the civilian population and communities, members of the security forces, the FARC-EP's Central Major State and building confidence between the parties to the conflict.
Police: No specific mention.
Armed forces: promoting the participation of society in the peace process, minimising risks to the security and protection of the civilian population and communities, members of the security forces, the FARC-EP's Central Major State and building confidence between the parties to the conflict.
9. The security forces will continue to fulfil their constitutional and legal mission in accordance with the objectives of Total Peace.
10. The parties reserve their legitimate right to defence and will maintain their own security measures and necessary actions within the framework of respect for International Humanitarian Law.
DDR: No specific mention.
Intelligence services: No specific mention.
Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces: 1. The delegation of the National Government representing the Colombian State and the delegation of the Central Major State of the FARC-EP, in the development of the preliminary phase, will install the Dialogue Table with all its legal and political architecture, and the presence of the international community as guarantors and accompaniers.
2. The parties will announce the date, place, mechanism of operation, special guests, the countries and international actors who, as guarantors and/or accompaniers, will support the Peace Dialogue Table and the implementation of the agreements reached, for which a formal invitation will be sent.
3. We will continue the joint work preliminary to the installation of the Peace Dialogue Table with i) Adjustment to the protocols of respect for the population and bilateral and temporary ceasefire of national character, and protection of the communities and civilian population, in general, and implementation of mechanisms of Oversight, Monitoring and Verification, in its national and local points;
5. Initiate the functioning of the Table of Peace Dialogues, together with the entry into force of the decrees on respect for the civilian population, communities and the Bilateral, Temporary, Territorial and National Ceasefire.
The Bilateral Ceasefire will aim to reduce confrontation and violence, apply IHL and develop actions aimed at:
promoting the participation of society in the peace process, minimising risks to the security and protection of the civilian population and communities, members of the security forces, the FARC-EP's Central Major State and building confidence between the parties to the conflict.
6. Create a special Accidental Commission for the resolution of contingencies, made up of delegates from the National Government, the Dialogue Delegation of the FARC-EP Central Major State, the Special Representative of the UN Secretary-General, the OAS Mission to Support the Peace Process - MAPP-OAS, the Colombian Episcopal Conference and the World Council of Churches.
8. The delegations of the National Government and the FARC-EP Central Major State, will meet from 17 September 2023, to evaluate, follow up and adjust the commitments made to build trust and announce the date for the installation of the peace talks.
11. Arrangements and mechanisms for the security and protection of the parties`s peace dialogue delegations will be established.
Withdrawal of foreign forces: No specific mention.
Corruption: No specific mention.
Crime/organised crime: No specific mention.
Drugs: No specific mention.
Terrorism: No specific mention.

Transitional justice

Transitional justice general: No specific mention.
Amnesty/pardon: No specific mention.
Courts: No specific mention.
Mechanism: No specific mention.
Prisoner release: No specific mention.
Vetting: No specific mention.
Victims: No specific mention.
Missing persons: No specific mention.
Reparations: No specific mention.
Reconciliation: No specific mention.

Implementation

UN signatory: DCAIHR, Yezis Artets R., Illegible, Feliciano Valencia, Genny Calvo O., Illegible, Carlos J. Murgas D., Oscar G. Salazar, Gloria (illegible), Luis Novo Diaz, Illegible, Humberto Shikiya, CONSEJO MUNDIAL DE IGLESIAS CMI ACOMPAÑANTE (illegible), Raul Rosendo, Misión ONU Acompañante, Observador (illegible), DAG NAGODIA, EMBAJADA DE NORUEGA TESTIGO, Illegible, Gill Bertrand, Unión Europea, Testigo, Illegible.)
Other international signatory: DCAIHR, Yezis Artets R., Illegible, Feliciano Valencia, Genny Calvo O., Illegible, Carlos J. Murgas D., Oscar G. Salazar, Gloria (illegible), Luis Novo Diaz, Illegible, Humberto Shikiya, CONSEJO MUNDIAL DE IGLESIAS CMI ACOMPAÑANTE (illegible), Raul Rosendo, Misión ONU Acompañante, Observador (illegible), DAG NAGODIA, EMBAJADA DE NORUEGA TESTIGO, Illegible, Gill Bertrand, Unión Europea, Testigo, Illegible.)
Delegado por la Conferencia Episcopal de Colombia Acompañante, Observado, Illegible, Philipp Lustenberger, Suiza, Testigo, Illegible, Illegible, Embajada de Irlanda, Testiga.
Referendum for agreement: No specific mention.
International mission/force/similar: No specific mention.
Enforcement mechanism: No specific mention.
Related cases: No specific mention.
Source: No specific mention.

Special Agreement for the Installation of a Table of Dialogue and Peace Negotiation Between the Delegations of the National Government and the Central Major State of the FARC-EP

Playa Rica, Suarez, Cauca, 2 September 2023

The delegations of the National Government and the Central Major State of the FARC-EP, meeting in the municipality of Suarez, Cauca, between 31 August and 2 September 2023, reiterate their willingness to dialogue and create the necessary conditions to achieve the profound political, social, ambiental, economic and cultural transformations needed to make a more equitable and just Colombia.

Convinced of the need to promote and contribute to a Political Agreement from the territories, communities, social sectors and citizens, that definitively eradicates the causes that generate the current social and armed conflict, and tends to the respect of life, liberties and the full rights of civilians who are at the centre of peace,

We thank the community of the village of Playa Rica, the peasant, indigenous and cimarron guards, the women and the association of peasant workers of La Cordillera of the municipality of Suarez Cauca - ASOCORDILLERA, who, after the request and authorisation of the national government, guaranteed a neutral space of trust and fraternity for the development of this historic meeting, which is the first joint meeting of the peace delegations.

We also thank monsignor Omar Sanchez of the Episcopal Conference of Colombia, the World Council of Churches headed by Humberto Shikiya, the UN Verification Mission, the Organization of American States Mission to Support the Peace Process (MAPP-OAS) and the international guests who accompanied us in the development of this space.

As a guarantee for developing a peace process with structural transformations, social and environmental justice and the necessary conditions for broad and effective participation.

The parties agree:

1. The delegation of the National Government representing the Colombian State and the delegation of the Central Major State of the FARC-EP, in the development of the preliminary phase, will install the Dialogue Table with all its legal and political architecture, and the presence of the international community as guarantors and accompaniers.

2. The parties will announce the date, place, mechanism of operation, special guests, the countries and international actors who, as guarantors and/or accompaniers, will support the Peace Dialogue Table and the implementation of the agreements reached, for which a formal invitation will be sent.

As permanent accompaniers we ratify to:

The UN Verification Mission, the Organization of American States Mission to Support the Peace Process (MAPP-OAS), the Episcopal Conference of Colombia and the World Council of Churches.

3. We will continue the joint work preliminary to the installation of the Peace Dialogue Table with i) Adjustment to the protocols of respect for the population and bilateral and temporary ceasefire of national character, and protection of the communities and civilian population, in general, and implementation of mechanisms of Oversight, Monitoring and Verification, in its national and local points;

and ii) elaboration of the pre-agenda of the Peace Dialogue Table with citizen participation.

These documents will be approved at the time of installation.

The working groups formed will continue their work in the territories upon the signing of this agreement.

4. We will develop eight (8) humanitarian verification missions in the regions of the following departments:

Antioquia, Arauca, Cauca, Huila, Nariño, Norte de Santander, Putumayo and Sur de Bolivar, with the purpose of formulating recommendations for the application of IHL based on the broad listening of all citizens and institutions.

5. Initiate the functioning of the Table of Peace Dialogues, together with the entry into force of the decrees on respect for the civilian population, communities and the Bilateral, Temporary, Territorial and National Ceasefire.

The Bilateral Ceasefire will aim to reduce confrontation and violence, apply IHL and develop actions aimed at:

promoting the participation of society in the peace process, minimising risks to the security and protection of the civilian population and communities, members of the security forces, the FARC-EP's Central Major State and building confidence between the parties to the conflict.

6. Create a special Accidental Commission for the resolution of contingencies, made up of delegates from the National Government, the Dialogue Delegation of the FARC-EP Central Major State, the Special Representative of the UN Secretary-General, the OAS Mission to Support the Peace Process - MAPP-OAS, the Colombian Episcopal Conference and the World Council of Churches.

7. The parties will continue to develop confidence-building measures and actions aimed at the respect, protection and participation of the civilian population in the process.

These measures may be announced by the parties.

8. The delegations of the National Government and the FARC-EP Central Major State, will meet from 17 September 2023, to evaluate, follow up and adjust the commitments made to build trust and announce the date for the installation of the peace talks.

9. The security forces will continue to fulfil their constitutional and legal mission in accordance with the objectives of Total Peace.

10. The parties reserve their legitimate right to defence and will maintain their own security measures and necessary actions within the framework of respect for International Humanitarian Law.

11. Arrangements and mechanisms for the security and protection of the parties`s peace dialogue delegations will be established.

The parties reaffirm their firm intention to advance towards the construction of a Peace Agreement that puts an end to the armed confrontation and seeks to achieve a comprehensive, stable and lasting peace, with social and environmental justice.

Playa Rica, Suárez, Cuaca 2023

Representing,

The National Government of Colombia

(handwritten signatures some of them illegible, some of them partially legible:

DCAIHR, Yezis Artets R., Illegible, Feliciano Valencia, Genny Calvo O., Illegible, Carlos J. Murgas D., Oscar G. Salazar, Gloria (illegible), Luis Novo Diaz, Illegible, Humberto Shikiya, CONSEJO MUNDIAL DE IGLESIAS CMI ACOMPAÑANTE (illegible), Raul Rosendo, Misión ONU Acompañante, Observador (illegible), DAG NAGODIA, EMBAJADA DE NORUEGA TESTIGO, Illegible, Gill Bertrand, Unión Europea, Testigo, Illegible.)

The Central Major State of the FARC-EP