Protocolo de Seguridad y Protección para los Integrantes del Mecanismo de Veeduría, Monitoreo y Verificación (MVMV) Durante el CFBTNT (Protocolo V)

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Country/entity: Colombia
Region: Americas
Agreement name: Protocolo de Seguridad y Protección para los Integrantes del Mecanismo de Veeduría, Monitoreo y Verificación (MVMV) Durante el CFBTNT (Protocolo V)
Date: 9 Dec 2023
Agreement status: Multiparty signed/agreed
Interim arrangement: Yes
Agreement/conflict level: Intrastate/intrastate conflict
Colombian Conflict (1964 - )
The Colombian conflict is really a set of conflicts and the peace agreements reflect both different processes relating to different conflict groups and dyads, and processes taking place at different times in a complex peace process history. The Colombian civil war has its roots in the late 1940s and the violent infighting between liberal and the conservative factions. Emerging from the liberal tradition with a thorough grounding in nationalist communist ideology, the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia—People's Army (FARC) began its armed insurrection against the Colombian government in 1964. Other left-wing guerrillas emerged as well, most notably the socialist/populist M-19, which would later be integrated into the formal political system in the peace process of 1990s; the National Liberation Army (ELN), which has strong roots in liberation theology, and the Maoist Ejército Popular de Liberación (EPL) (also part of the 1990 process, less successfully). Several stages of peace processes were undertaken by the various sides, which were further complicated by the emergence of right-wing paramilitary ‘self-defence’ forces. The peace agreement between the Colombian government under President Uribe and the main alliance of the paramilitary groups, the United Self-Defence Forces of Colombia (AUC), concluded in 2005 and is still heavily disputed as several remnants are still active, but now subsumed under the heading ‘Bacrim’ (Bandas criminales). In addition, FARC and ELN maintain a military presence, but both demonstrate a strong interest in completing successful peace negotiations with the government, with the most recent agreements being between FARC and the Government.
Stage: Implementation/renegotiation
Conflict nature: Government/territory
Peace process: Colombia VII - Petro Peace Dialogues with FARC-EP
Parties: [Government of Colombia]:

Camilo González Posso
Coordinator
Delegation of National Government
in the Peace Dialogues Table

Gloria Quinceno Acevedo
Counsellor Commissioner of Peace
National Government

Fabio Valencia Cossio
Delegation of National Government
in the Peace Dialogues Table

Feliciano Valencia Medina
Delegation of National Government
in the Peace Dialogues Table

Luz Dari Landázuri Segura
Delegation of National Government
in the Peace Dialogues Table

[No signature]
Carlos Murgas Guerrero
Delegation of National Government
in the Peace Dialogues Table

Coronel (r) Genny Calvo Olmos
Delegation of National Government
in the Peace Dialogues Table

Yesid Arteta Dávila
Delegation of National Government
in the Peace Dialogues Table

Oscar Gerardo Salazar Muñoz
Delegation of National Government
in the Peace Dialogues Table

Coronel (r) Luis Alfonso Novoa Díaz
Delegation of the National Government
in the Peace Dialogues Table

[Central General Staff of the FARC-EP]:

Leopoldo Durán García
Head of Delegation of the Central
General Staff of the FARC-EP

José Tomás Ojeda
Delegation of the Central
General Staff of the FARC-EP

Javier 33
Delegation of the Central
General Staff of the FARC-EP

Fernanda Briceño
Delegation of the Central
General Staff of the FARC-EP

Caicedo Ríos
Delegation of the Central
General Staff of the FARC-EP

Franco Ramírez
Delegation of the Central
General Staff of the FARC-EP
Third parties: Signed the guarantors as witnesses and depositaries:

Antonio Franchi
Representative of Venezuela

Anna Louise Wilson
First Secretary
Embassy of Ireland

Phillip Lustenberger
Special Envoy
Swiss Confederation

Dag Nagoda
Minister Counsellor
Embassy of the Kingdom of Norway

Accompanying persons:

Raúl Rosende
Delegate of the Special Representative of the General Secretary
of the United Nations in Colombia

Edelma Gómez
Mission to Support the
Peace Process of the Organization of the
American States (MAPP-OEA)

John Hernández
Representative World
Council of Churches

[No signature]
Humberto Shikiya
Representative World Council of Churches

[Below, handwritten: For the World Council of Churches, John Hernández]

Signed as witness:

Julián Lopez
Accompanying person
Central General Staff FARC-EP

Leo Ramírez
Accompanying person
Central General Staff FARC-EP

Diego Fernández
Accompanying person
Central General Staff FARC-EP
Description: This protocol establishes security and protection measures for members of the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism (MVMV) during the bilateral ceasefire. It designates the National Police through UNIPEP as the main security provider, with support from other state security institutions. The protocol includes provisions for protection of MVMV facilities, movement security, and special considerations for social oversight activities with ethnic communities and rural populations.

Agreement document: CO_231209_Prot_5_Seguridad_Y_Proteccion_Integrantes_Mvmv_EN (opens in new tab) | Download PDF
Agreement document (original language): CO_231209_Prot 5 Seguridad Y Proteccion Integrantes Mvmv (opens in new tab)| Download PDF

Groups

Children/youth: No specific mention.
Disabled persons: No specific mention.
Elderly/age: No specific mention.
Migrant workers: No specific mention.
Racial/ethnic/national group: No specific mention.
Religious groups: No specific mention.
Indigenous people: No specific mention.
Other groups: No specific mention.
Refugees/displaced persons: No specific mention.
Social class: No specific mention.

Gender

Women, girls and gender: No specific mention.
Men and boys: No specific mention.
LGBTI: No specific mention.
Family: No specific mention.

State definition

Nature of state (general): No specific mention.
State configuration: No specific mention.
Self determination: No specific mention.
Referendum: No specific mention.
State symbols: No specific mention.
Independence/secession: No specific mention.
Accession/unification: No specific mention.
Border delimitation: No specific mention.
Cross-border provision: No specific mention.

Governance

Political institutions (new or reformed): No specific mention.
Elections: No specific mention.
Electoral commission: No specific mention.
Political parties reform: No specific mention.
Civil society: No specific mention.
Traditional/religious leaders: No specific mention.
Public administration: No specific mention.
Constitution: No specific mention.

Power sharing

Political power sharing: No specific mention.
Territorial power sharing: No specific mention.
Economic power sharing: No specific mention.
Military power sharing: No specific mention.

Human rights and equality

Human rights/RoL general: No specific mention.
Bill of rights/similar: No specific mention.
Treaty incorporation: No specific mention.
Civil and political rights: No specific mention.
Socio-economic rights: No specific mention.

Rights related issues

Citizenship: No specific mention.
Democracy: No specific mention.
Detention procedures: No specific mention.
Media and communication: No specific mention.
Mobility/access: No specific mention.
Protection measures: Rights related issues→Protection measures→Protection of civilians
15. When the MVMV meet with the Social Oversight, the National Police will take into account the security conditions of the civilian population;
16. The National Police, through UNIPEP, and the UNP will lead the design and management of a contingency plan in the event of the possible materialisation of risks to members of the MVMVV or its protection schemes in the national territory, so that a rapid and effective response can be made, through the coordination and integration of the capacities of the pertinent institutions.
Other: No specific mention.

Rights institutions

NHRI: No specific mention.
Regional or international human rights institutions: No specific mention.

Justice sector reform

Criminal justice and emergency law: No specific mention.
State of emergency provisions: No specific mention.
Judiciary and courts: No specific mention.
Prisons and detention: No specific mention.
Traditional Laws: No specific mention.

Socio-economic reconstruction

Development or socio-economic reconstruction: No specific mention.
National economic plan: No specific mention.
Natural resources: No specific mention.
International funds: No specific mention.
Business: No specific mention.
Taxation: No specific mention.
Banks: No specific mention.

Land, property and environment

Land reform/rights: No specific mention.
Pastoralist/nomadism rights: No specific mention.
Cultural heritage: No specific mention.
Environment: No specific mention.
Water or riparian rights or access: No specific mention.

Security sector

Security Guarantees: 1. The National Police, through the Police Unit for Peace Building (UNIPEP), will carry out the function of protecting the MVMV, without prejudice to the harmonious collaboration that may be provided by other State security institutions and bodies, including the National Protection Unit (UNP).
2. The protection of MVMV headquarters will be the responsibility of the National Police, under the coordination of the Police Unit for Peace Building (UNIPEP) and other national and international entities or organisations involved.
3. The representatives the Central General Staff of the FARC-EP in the MVMV, will make security observations that provide information that could warn of risks for the members of the Mechanism.
4. The procedures to be followed for and during the displacements requested by the MVMV at national, regional and local levels will be defined by those responsible for the protection of the Mechanism, based on the information inputs that identify security risks.
5. The Office of the High Commissioner for Peace (OHCP) will request protection for the MVMV at the National Instance, as well as at the regional and local instances, and for its members.
This protection will be the responsibility of the National Police under the coordination of the Police Unit for the Construction of Peace (UNIPEP) with the National Protection Unit (UNP).
Likewise, the individual protection of the members of the Mechanism from the Central General Staff of the FARC-EP, as well as of the other members of the Mechanism, will be the responsibility of the National Protection Unit (UNP) in coordination with the National Police.
6. The National Police will coordinate with the Military Forces to carry out anticipation and prevention work, as well as the activation of security measures in the places where the members of the MVMV must be present.
The National Police will coordinate with the Military Forces to carry out anticipation and prevention work, as well as the activation of security measures in the places where the members of the MVMV must be present.
7. The Office of the High Commissioner for Peace (OACP), the National Police and the UNP will raise the requirements with the relevant State institutions, in order to prevent any affectation to the members of the MVMV.
8. The National Police, through UNIPEP, and the UNP will guarantee a differentiated and gender-based approach within the framework of the security and protection activities they carry out.
9. The National Police, through UNIPEP, and the UNP will provide the recommendations for safety, protection and self-protection to the members of the MVMV, who, by implementing them, will be jointly responsible for their protection and security.
11. The individual security of the members of the International Component of the MVMV will be defined in accordance with their own regulations.
12. The National Government, through the coordination of the Office of the High Commissioner for Peace (OACP), it will guarantee the financial, logistical and security resources required for the functioning of the MVMV in its various instances.
13. The security schemes for the members of the MVMV for their movements will be shaped according to the geographical characteristics and the identification of possible risks.
14. In addition to the protection provided by the National Police, through UNIPEP, and the UNP, the members of the Central General Staff of the FARC-EP in the MVMV, who are in compliance with activities related to the CFBTNT and its protocols, will be accompanied during their movements by the international component made up of the United Nations (UN) Verification Mission in Colombia and the Mission to Support the Peace Process of the Organisation of American States (MAPP-OEA) and the Colombian Episcopal Conference and/or the World Council of Churches.
16. The National Police, through UNIPEP, and the UNP will lead the design and management of a contingency plan in the event of the possible materialisation of risks to members of the MVMVV or its protection schemes in the national territory, so that a rapid and effective response can be made, through the coordination and integration of the capacities of the pertinent institutions.
17. The information related to the activities and movements that the MVMV will carry out in its different instances in the national territory must be processed with the highest levels of confidentiality, to mitigate possible risks that may arise.
Ceasefire: No specific mention.
Police: 1. The National Police, through the Police Unit for Peace Building (UNIPEP), will carry out the function of protecting the MVMV, without prejudice to the harmonious collaboration that may be provided by other State security institutions and bodies, including the National Protection Unit (UNP).
2. The protection of MVMV headquarters will be the responsibility of the National Police, under the coordination of the Police Unit for Peace Building (UNIPEP) and other national and international entities or organisations involved.
This protection will be the responsibility of the National Police under the coordination of the Police Unit for the Construction of Peace (UNIPEP) with the National Protection Unit (UNP).
Likewise, the individual protection of the members of the Mechanism from the Central General Staff of the FARC-EP, as well as of the other members of the Mechanism, will be the responsibility of the National Protection Unit (UNP) in coordination with the National Police.
6. The National Police will coordinate with the Military Forces to carry out anticipation and prevention work, as well as the activation of security measures in the places where the members of the MVMV must be present.
The National Police will coordinate with the Military Forces to carry out anticipation and prevention work, as well as the activation of security measures in the places where the members of the MVMV must be present.
7. The Office of the High Commissioner for Peace (OACP), the National Police and the UNP will raise the requirements with the relevant State institutions, in order to prevent any affectation to the members of the MVMV.
8. The National Police, through UNIPEP, and the UNP will guarantee a differentiated and gender-based approach within the framework of the security and protection activities they carry out.
9. The National Police, through UNIPEP, and the UNP will provide the recommendations for safety, protection and self-protection to the members of the MVMV, who, by implementing them, will be jointly responsible for their protection and security.
14. In addition to the protection provided by the National Police, through UNIPEP, and the UNP, the members of the Central General Staff of the FARC-EP in the MVMV, who are in compliance with activities related to the CFBTNT and its protocols, will be accompanied during their movements by the international component made up of the United Nations (UN) Verification Mission in Colombia and the Mission to Support the Peace Process of the Organisation of American States (MAPP-OEA) and the Colombian Episcopal Conference and/or the World Council of Churches.
16. The National Police, through UNIPEP, and the UNP will lead the design and management of a contingency plan in the event of the possible materialisation of risks to members of the MVMVV or its protection schemes in the national territory, so that a rapid and effective response can be made, through the coordination and integration of the capacities of the pertinent institutions.
Armed forces: 6. The National Police will coordinate with the Military Forces to carry out anticipation and prevention work, as well as the activation of security measures in the places where the members of the MVMV must be present.
The National Police will coordinate with the Military Forces to carry out anticipation and prevention work, as well as the activation of security measures in the places where the members of the MVMV must be present.
DDR: Security sector→DDR→Demilitarisation provisions
10. The members of the MVMV will not carry weapons, nor items for the exclusive use of the Public Force, nor material alluding to the Central General Staff of the FARC-EP.
Intelligence services: No specific mention.
Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces: 3. The representatives the Central General Staff of the FARC-EP in the MVMV, will make security observations that provide information that could warn of risks for the members of the Mechanism.
In any case, the information provided by the members of mechanism from the EMC-FARC-EP will be taken into account.
10. The members of the MVMV will not carry weapons, nor items for the exclusive use of the Public Force, nor material alluding to the Central General Staff of the FARC-EP.
14. In addition to the protection provided by the National Police, through UNIPEP, and the UNP, the members of the Central General Staff of the FARC-EP in the MVMV, who are in compliance with activities related to the CFBTNT and its protocols, will be accompanied during their movements by the international component made up of the United Nations (UN) Verification Mission in Colombia and the Mission to Support the Peace Process of the Organisation of American States (MAPP-OEA) and the Colombian Episcopal Conference and/or the World Council of Churches.
Withdrawal of foreign forces: No specific mention.
Corruption: No specific mention.
Crime/organised crime: No specific mention.
Drugs: No specific mention.
Terrorism: No specific mention.

Transitional justice

Transitional justice general: No specific mention.
Amnesty/pardon: No specific mention.
Courts: No specific mention.
Mechanism: No specific mention.
Prisoner release: No specific mention.
Vetting: No specific mention.
Victims: No specific mention.
Missing persons: No specific mention.
Reparations: No specific mention.
Reconciliation: No specific mention.

Implementation

UN signatory: Raúl Rosende, Delegate of the Special Representative of the General Secretary of the United Nations in Colombia
Other international signatory: Antonio Franchi, Representative of Venezuela
Anna Louise Wilson, First Secretary, Embassy of Ireland
Phillip Lustenberger, Special Envoy, Swiss Confederation
Dag Nagoda, Minister Counsellor, Embassy of the Kingdom of Norway
Edelma Gómez, Mission to Support the Peace Process of the Organization of the American States (MAPP-OEA)
John Hernández, Representative World Council of Churches
Humberto Shikiya, Representative World Council of Churches
For the World Council of Churches, John Hernández]
Referendum for agreement: No specific mention.
International mission/force/similar: 14. In addition to the protection provided by the National Police, through UNIPEP, and the UNP, the members of the Central General Staff of the FARC-EP in the MVMV, who are in compliance with activities related to the CFBTNT and its protocols, will be accompanied during their movements by the international component made up of the United Nations (UN) Verification Mission in Colombia and the Mission to Support the Peace Process of the Organisation of American States (MAPP-OEA) and the Colombian Episcopal Conference and/or the World Council of Churches.
Enforcement mechanism: No specific mention.
Related cases: No specific mention.
Source: No specific mention.

PEACE DIALOGUES TABLE BETWEEN THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF COLOMBIA AND THE CENTRAL GENERAL STAFF OF THE FARC-EP

SECURITY AND PROTECTION PROTOCOL FOR THE MEMBERS OF THE MECHANISM OF OVERSIGHT, MONITORING AND VERIFICATION (MVMV) DURING THE CFBTNT.

(PROTOCOL V)

1. The National Police, through the Police Unit for Peace Building (UNIPEP), will carry out the function of protecting the MVMV, without prejudice to the harmonious collaboration that may be provided by other State security institutions and bodies, including the National Protection Unit (UNP).

2. The protection of MVMV headquarters will be the responsibility of the National Police, under the coordination of the Police Unit for Peace Building (UNIPEP) and other national and international entities or organisations involved.

3. The representatives the Central General Staff of the FARC-EP in the MVMV, will make security observations that provide information that could warn of risks for the members of the Mechanism.

4. The procedures to be followed for and during the displacements requested by the MVMV at national, regional and local levels will be defined by those responsible for the protection of the Mechanism, based on the information inputs that identify security risks.

5. The Office of the High Commissioner for Peace (OHCP) will request protection for the MVMV at the National Instance, as well as at the regional and local instances, and for its members.

This protection will be the responsibility of the National Police under the coordination of the Police Unit for the Construction of Peace (UNIPEP) with the National Protection Unit (UNP).

Likewise, the individual protection of the members of the Mechanism from the Central General Staff of the FARC-EP, as well as of the other members of the Mechanism, will be the responsibility of the National Protection Unit (UNP) in coordination with the National Police.

6. The National Police will coordinate with the Military Forces to carry out anticipation and prevention work, as well as the activation of security measures in the places where the members of the MVMV must be present.

In any case, the information provided by the members of mechanism from the EMC-FARC-EP will be taken into account.

The National Police will coordinate with the Military Forces to carry out anticipation and prevention work, as well as the activation of security measures in the places where the members of the MVMV must be present.

7. The Office of the High Commissioner for Peace (OACP), the National Police and the UNP will raise the requirements with the relevant State institutions, in order to prevent any affectation to the members of the MVMV.

8. The National Police, through UNIPEP, and the UNP will guarantee a differentiated and gender-based approach within the framework of the security and protection activities they carry out.

9. The National Police, through UNIPEP, and the UNP will provide the recommendations for safety, protection and self-protection to the members of the MVMV, who, by implementing them, will be jointly responsible for their protection and security.

10. The members of the MVMV will not carry weapons, nor items for the exclusive use of the Public Force, nor material alluding to the Central General Staff of the FARC-EP.

In any case, they will have badges that allow them to be accredited and identified as members of the Mechanism.

11. The individual security of the members of the International Component of the MVMV will be defined in accordance with their own regulations.

12. The National Government, through the coordination of the Office of the High Commissioner for Peace (OACP), it will guarantee the financial, logistical and security resources required for the functioning of the MVMV in its various instances.

13. The security schemes for the members of the MVMV for their movements will be shaped according to the geographical characteristics and the identification of possible risks.

14. In addition to the protection provided by the National Police, through UNIPEP, and the UNP, the members of the Central General Staff of the FARC-EP in the MVMV, who are in compliance with activities related to the CFBTNT and its protocols, will be accompanied during their movements by the international component made up of the United Nations (UN) Verification Mission in Colombia and the Mission to Support the Peace Process of the Organisation of American States (MAPP-OEA) and the Colombian Episcopal Conference and/or the World Council of Churches.

15. When the MVMV meet with the Social Oversight, the National Police will take into account the security conditions of the civilian population;

to this end, it will coordinate and liaise with the different social organisations, ethnic and indigenous peoples and peasant communities in the territory.

16. The National Police, through UNIPEP, and the UNP will lead the design and management of a contingency plan in the event of the possible materialisation of risks to members of the MVMVV or its protection schemes in the national territory, so that a rapid and effective response can be made, through the coordination and integration of the capacities of the pertinent institutions.

17. The information related to the activities and movements that the MVMV will carry out in its different instances in the national territory must be processed with the highest levels of confidentiality, to mitigate possible risks that may arise.

In the event of a suspected possible breach of confidentiality, the national instance will be informed for verification and, if it is the case, to determine the corresponding individual responsibility.

It is signed in Popayán, Cauca, on the 9 December 2023.

Signed by the parties:

Camilo González Posso

Coordinator

Delegation of National Government

In the Peace Dialogues Table

Leopoldo Durán García

Head of Delegation of the Central

General Staff of the FARC-EP

Gloria Quinceno Acevedo

Counsellor Commissioner of Peace

National Government

José Tomás Ojeda

Delegation of the Central

General Staff of the FARC-EP

Fabio Valencia Cossio

Delegation of National Government

in the Peace Dialogues Table

Javier 33

Delegation of the Central

General Staff of the FARC-EP

Feliciano Valencia Medina

Delegation of National Government

in the Peace Dialogues Table

Fernanda Briceño

Delegation of the Central

General Staff of the FARC-EP

Luz Dari Landázuri Segura

Delegation of National Government

in the Peace Dialogues Table

Caicedo Ríos

Delegation of the Central

General Staff of the FARC-EP

[No signature]

Carlos Murgas Guerrero

Delegation of National Government

in the Peace Dialogues Table

Franco Ramírez

Delegation of the Central

General Staff of the FARC-EP

Coronel (r) Genny Calvo Olmos

Delegation of National Government

in the Peace Dialogues Table

Yesid Arteta Dávila

Delegation of National Government

in the Peace Dialogues Table

Oscar Gerardo Salazar Muñoz

Delegation of National Government

in the Peace Dialogues Table

Coronel (r) Luis Alfonso Novoa Díaz

Delegation of the National Government

in the Peace Dialogues Table

Signed the guarantors as witnesses and depositaries:

Antonio Franchi, Representative of Venezuela

Anna Louise Wilson, First Secretary, Embassy of Ireland

Phillip Lustenberger, Special Envoy, Swiss Confederation

Dag Nagoda, Minister Counsellor, Embassy of the Kingdom of Norway

Accompanying persons:

Raúl Rosende, Delegate of the Special Representative of the General Secretary of the United Nations in Colombia

Edelma Gómez, Mission to Support the Peace Process of the Organization of the American States (MAPP-OEA)

John Hernández, Representative World Council of Churches

[No signature]

Humberto Shikiya, Representative World Council of Churches

[Below, handwritten:

For the World Council of Churches, John Hernández]

Signed as witness:

Julián Lopez,

Accompanying person

Central General Staff FARC-EP

Leo Ramírez

Accompanying person

Central General Staff FARC-EP

Diego Fernández

Accompanying person

Central General Staff FARC-EP

Protocolo de Seguridad y Protección para los Integrantes del Mecanismo de Veeduría, Monitoreo y Verificación (MVMV) Durante el CFBTNT (Protocolo V)

Groups

Gender

State definition

Governance

Power sharing

Human rights and equality

Rights related issues

Rights institutions

Justice sector reform

Socio-economic reconstruction

Land, property and environment

Security sector

Transitional justice

Implementation

Source agreement