5e Réunion Ministérielle Sur La Situation De La Sécurité Et De La Paix À L'est De La République Démocratique Du Congo

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Country/entity: Democratic Republic of Congo
Region: Africa (excl MENA)
Agreement name: 5e Réunion Ministérielle Sur La Situation De La Sécurité Et De La Paix À L'est De La République Démocratique Du Congo
Date: 12 Oct 2024
Agreement status: Multiparty signed/agreed
Interim arrangement: Yes
Agreement/conflict level: Interstate/intrastate conflict(s)
Congo Civil Wars (1996 - )
The overthrow of the long-term dictator Mobutu Sese Seko by a rebel Tutsi army backed by Uganda and Rwanda in 1997 acted as a catalyst for a war with regional dimensions, mainly fought in the eastern Kivu provinces. The conflict escalated in 1998, when President Laurent Kabila, then backed by Zimbabwean and Angolan troops, ordered Rwanda and Uganda to leave. After Kabila’s assassination in 2001, his son Joseph took over the presidency and won in the 2006 democratic elections.

In the eastern provinces, Tutsi-led militias, mainly organised in the National Congress for the Defense of the People (CNDP), fought the remnants of the Rwandan Hutu force FDLR, with further involvement of Rwandan and Ugandan troops. Other regionally operating militia groups, like the Lord’s Resistance Army from Northern Uganda, the so-called Mai Mai groups or short-lived guerrilla outfits like the March 23 Movement (M23) further contributed, and still contribute, to the complexity of the situation in eastern DRC.
Stage: Implementation/renegotiation
Conflict nature: Government/territory
Peace process: DRC: Angola-led process for Eastern DRC
Parties: For the Democratic Republic of Congo:
H.E. Ms Thérèse Kayikwamba Wagner Minister of State, Minister of Foreign Affairs, International Cooperation and Francophonie of the DRC

For the Republic of Angola:
H.E. Ambassador Téte António
Minister of External Relations

For the Republic of Rwanda:
H.E. Mr Ambassador Olivier Jean Patrick Nduhungirehe
Minister of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation of Rwanda
Third parties: -
Description: This ministerial meeting agreement establishes implementation mechanisms for the August 4, 2024 ceasefire and a Harmonized Plan for FDLR neutralization and Rwandan forces disengagement. The agreement creates a new Ad-hoc Reinforced Verification Mechanism (MVA-R) to be launched in Goma by November 5, 2024, with both countries committing to provide liaison officers by October 15. The ministers also agreed to develop a Concept of Operations (CONOPS) by October 26, 2024, and continue work on outstanding security issues related to the broader peace agreement proposed by the facilitator.

Agreement document: CD_241012_5e Réunion Ministérielle Sur La Situation De La Sécurité_EN (opens in new tab) | Download PDF
Agreement document (original language): CD_241012_5e Réunion Ministérielle Sur La Situation De La Sécurité (opens in new tab)| Download PDF

Groups

Children/youth: No specific mention.
Disabled persons: No specific mention.
Elderly/age: No specific mention.
Migrant workers: No specific mention.
Racial/ethnic/national group: No specific mention.
Religious groups: No specific mention.
Indigenous people: No specific mention.
Other groups: No specific mention.
Refugees/displaced persons: No specific mention.
Social class: No specific mention.

Gender

Women, girls and gender: No specific mention.
Men and boys: No specific mention.
LGBTI: No specific mention.
Family: No specific mention.

State definition

Nature of state (general): No specific mention.
State configuration: No specific mention.
Self determination: No specific mention.
Referendum: No specific mention.
State symbols: No specific mention.
Independence/secession: No specific mention.
Accession/unification: No specific mention.
Border delimitation: No specific mention.
Cross-border provision: No specific mention.

Governance

Political institutions (new or reformed): No specific mention.
Elections: No specific mention.
Electoral commission: No specific mention.
Political parties reform: No specific mention.
Civil society: No specific mention.
Traditional/religious leaders: No specific mention.
Public administration: No specific mention.
Constitution: No specific mention.

Power sharing

Political power sharing: No specific mention.
Territorial power sharing: No specific mention.
Economic power sharing: No specific mention.
Military power sharing: No specific mention.

Human rights and equality

Human rights/RoL general: No specific mention.
Bill of rights/similar: No specific mention.
Treaty incorporation: No specific mention.
Civil and political rights: No specific mention.
Socio-economic rights: No specific mention.

Rights related issues

Citizenship: No specific mention.
Democracy: No specific mention.
Detention procedures: No specific mention.
Media and communication: No specific mention.
Mobility/access: No specific mention.
Protection measures: No specific mention.
Other: No specific mention.

Rights institutions

NHRI: No specific mention.
Regional or international human rights institutions: No specific mention.

Justice sector reform

Criminal justice and emergency law: No specific mention.
State of emergency provisions: No specific mention.
Judiciary and courts: No specific mention.
Prisons and detention: No specific mention.
Traditional Laws: No specific mention.

Socio-economic reconstruction

Development or socio-economic reconstruction: No specific mention.
National economic plan: No specific mention.
Natural resources: No specific mention.
International funds: No specific mention.
Business: No specific mention.
Taxation: No specific mention.
Banks: No specific mention.

Land, property and environment

Land reform/rights: No specific mention.
Pastoralist/nomadism rights: No specific mention.
Cultural heritage: No specific mention.
Environment: No specific mention.
Water or riparian rights or access: No specific mention.

Security sector

Security Guarantees: Report
...
In this context, they considered the following:
...
C) Enhanced Ad Hoc Verification Mechanism
...
7. The Ministers equally agreed to continue working on the pending security questions relating to the draft Peace Agreement proposed by the Mediator.
Ceasefire: Security sector→Ceasefire→General commitments
Report
...
In this context, they considered the following:
A) Ceasefire
The Ministers reiterated their call on the parties to the conflict in the East of the RDC for the necessity to respect the ceasefire from 4 August 2024;
...
C) Enhanced Ad Hoc Verification Mechanism
5. The Ministers decided that:
i) The DRC and Rwanda shall submit by 15 October 2024 the number of their respective Liaison Officers joining the Enhanced Ad Hoc Verification Mechanism (MVA-R).
The expenses incurred for this purpose shall be covered by their respective countries;
...
H.E. Ambassador Téte António
Police: No specific mention.
Armed forces: No specific mention.
DDR: No specific mention.
Intelligence services: Report
...
In this context, they considered the following:
...
B) Harmonised Plan for the Neutralisation of the FDLR and the Withdrawal of the Forces/Cessation of the Defensive Measures of Rwanda (Harmonised Plan)
i) The delegation of the Republic of Rwanda reiterated its support for the Harmonised Plan, in accordance with the Report from 29 and 30 August by the Intelligence Experts and presented during the Ministerial Reunion on 14 September 2024;
Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces: No specific mention.
Withdrawal of foreign forces: No specific mention.
Corruption: No specific mention.
Crime/organised crime: No specific mention.
Drugs: No specific mention.
Terrorism: No specific mention.

Transitional justice

Transitional justice general: No specific mention.
Amnesty/pardon: No specific mention.
Courts: No specific mention.
Mechanism: No specific mention.
Prisoner release: No specific mention.
Vetting: No specific mention.
Victims: No specific mention.
Missing persons: No specific mention.
Reparations: No specific mention.
Reconciliation: No specific mention.

Implementation

UN signatory: No specific mention.
Other international signatory: Report
...
H.E. Ambassador Téte António Minister of External Relations of the Republic of Angola headed the Angolan delegation.
...
In this context, they considered the following:
...
C) Enhanced Ad Hoc Verification Mechanism
...
H.E. Ambassador Téte António
Referendum for agreement: No specific mention.
International mission/force/similar: No specific mention.
Enforcement mechanism: No specific mention.
Related cases: No specific mention.
Source: No specific mention.

Ministerial Reunion 12 October 2024

Version of 12/10/2024

21h45

5th Ministerial Reunion on the

Situation concerning the Security and Peace in the East of the

Democratic Republic of Congo

Luanda, Republic of Angola

12 October 2024

Report

1. Through Mediation of the Republic of Angola, the 5th Session of the Ministerial Reunion between the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) and the Republic of Rwanda, on the ongoing situation regarding peace and security in the East of the DRC was held in Luanda, on 12 October 2024.

2. The delegations were led by H.E. Ms Thérèse Kayikwamba Wagner, Minister of State, Minister of Foreign Affairs, International Cooperation and Francophonie of the DRC, and H.E. Mr Ambassador Olivier Jean Patrick Ndhungirehe, Minister of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation of Rwanda;

H.E. Ambassador Téte António Minister of External Relations of the Republic of Angola headed the Angolan delegation.

3. In the course of the Ministerial Reunion, the Ministers analysed the latest developments since the last Ministerial Session of 14 September 2024.

In this context, they considered the following:

A) Ceasefire

The Ministers reiterated their call on the parties to the conflict in the East of the RDC for the necessity to respect the ceasefire from 4 August 2024;

B) Harmonised Plan for the Neutralisation of the FDLR and the Withdrawal of the Forces/Cessation of the Defensive Measures of Rwanda (Harmonised Plan)

i) The delegation of the Republic of Rwanda reiterated its support for the Harmonised Plan, in accordance with the Report from 29 and 30 August by the Intelligence Experts and presented during the Ministerial Reunion on 14 September 2024;

ii) The delegation of the Democratic Republic of Congo presented a proposal on the Harmonised Plan, having reiterated its position on the simultaneity and concomitance of its implementation;

4. In light of the above, the Ministers validated the ongoing activities and responsibilities pursuant to the Harmonised Plan and decided to:

i) Charge the Mediation to prepare before 26 October 2024 a draft Concept of Operations (CONOPS) based on the contributions of the Parties, taking into account the mutual concerns;

ii) Convene a Reunion of Experts on 30 October 2024 in Luanda in order to examine the CONOPS prepared by the Mediation.

C) Enhanced Ad Hoc Verification Mechanism

5. The Ministers decided that:

i) The DRC and Rwanda shall submit by 15 October 2024 the number of their respective Liaison Officers joining the Enhanced Ad Hoc Verification Mechanism (MVA-R).

The expenses incurred for this purpose shall be covered by their respective countries;

ii) They equally decided to proceed to the official launch of the MVA-R in Goma, DRC, on 5 November 2024 at the latest.

6. The Ministers agreed to hold the next ministerial reunion at a date still to be determined, in order to examine the report of the Experts on CONOPS.

7. The Ministers equally agreed to continue working on the pending security questions relating to the draft Peace Agreement proposed by the Mediator.

Done in Luanda, 12 October 2024

For the Democratic Republic of Congo

H.E. Ms Thérèse Kayikwamba Wagner Minister of State, Minister of Foreign Affairs, International Cooperation and Francophonie of the DRC For the Republic of Angola

H.E. Ambassador Téte António

Minister of External Relations For the Republic of Rwanda

H.E. Mr Ambassador Olivier Jean Patrick Nduhungirehe

Minister of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation of Rwanda