Mesa Para La Co-Construcción De Paz Territorial En Nariño - Acuerdo Número 1

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Country/entity: Colombia
Region: Americas
Agreement name: Mesa Para La Co-Construcción De Paz Territorial En Nariño - Acuerdo Número 1
Date: 19 Sep 2024
Agreement status: Multiparty signed/agreed
Interim arrangement: Yes
Agreement/conflict level: Intrastate/local conflict
Colombian Conflict (1964 - )
The Colombian conflict is really a set of conflicts and the peace agreements reflect both different processes relating to different conflict groups and dyads, and processes taking place at different times in a complex peace process history. The Colombian civil war has its roots in the late 1940s and the violent infighting between liberal and the conservative factions. Emerging from the liberal tradition with a thorough grounding in nationalist communist ideology, the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia—People's Army (FARC) began its armed insurrection against the Colombian government in 1964. Other left-wing guerrillas emerged as well, most notably the socialist/populist M-19, which would later be integrated into the formal political system in the peace process of 1990s; the National Liberation Army (ELN), which has strong roots in liberation theology, and the Maoist Ejército Popular de Liberación (EPL) (also part of the 1990 process, less successfully). Several stages of peace processes were undertaken by the various sides, which were further complicated by the emergence of right-wing paramilitary ‘self-defence’ forces. The peace agreement between the Colombian government under President Uribe and the main alliance of the paramilitary groups, the United Self-Defence Forces of Colombia (AUC), concluded in 2005 and is still heavily disputed as several remnants are still active, but now subsumed under the heading ‘Bacrim’ (Bandas criminales). In addition, FARC and ELN maintain a military presence, but both demonstrate a strong interest in completing successful peace negotiations with the government, with the most recent agreements being between FARC and the Government.
Stage: Pre-negotiation/process
Conflict nature: Government/territory
Peace process: Colombia VII - Petro Peace Dialogues with Comuneros del Sur (Nariño Regional Process)
Parties: The National Government Delegation (Colombia)
The Delegation of Southern Comuneros (Comuneros del Sur)

(No individual names are listed as signatories in the text provided.)
Third parties: -
Description: This is the first formal agreement between the Colombian National Government and the armed group Southern Comuneros (Comuneros del Sur), reached through the Roundtable for the Co-construction of Territorial Peace in Nariño. It establishes initial steps toward a bilateral ceasefire including technical committees, a territorial concentration zone for 30% of Southern Comuneros troops, gradual weapons destruction, and humanitarian demining, alongside goodwill commitments to suspend kidnappings, minor recruitment, and anti-personnel mine use. The agreement also provides for a monitoring and verification mechanism and frames these measures as building trust toward broader territorial transformation and the group's transition to civilian and political life.

Agreement document: CO_240919_Mesa Para La Co-Construcción De Paz Territorial En Nariño - Acuerdo Número 1_EN (opens in new tab) | Download PDF
Agreement document (original language): CO_240919_Mesa Para La Co-Construcción De Paz Territorial En Nariño - Acuerdo Número 1 (opens in new tab)| Download PDF
Source of document: https://www.consejeriacomisionadadepaz.gov.co/MesaCo-ConstruccionPazNari%C3%B1o/Documents/Recursos-documentos/ACUERDO01.pdf

Groups

Children/youth: Groups→Children/youth→Other
As a first gesture of goodwill, Southern Comuneros commit to suspending kidnappings, the recruitment of minors, and the use of anti-personnel mines.
Disabled persons: No specific mention.
Elderly/age: No specific mention.
Migrant workers: No specific mention.
Racial/ethnic/national group: No specific mention.
Religious groups: No specific mention.
Indigenous people: No specific mention.
Other groups: No specific mention.
Refugees/displaced persons: No specific mention.
Social class: No specific mention.

Gender

Women, girls and gender: No specific mention.
Men and boys: No specific mention.
LGBTI: No specific mention.
Family: No specific mention.

State definition

Nature of state (general): No specific mention.
State configuration: No specific mention.
Self determination: No specific mention.
Referendum: No specific mention.
State symbols: No specific mention.
Independence/secession: No specific mention.
Accession/unification: No specific mention.
Border delimitation: No specific mention.
Cross-border provision: No specific mention.

Governance

Political institutions (new or reformed): No specific mention.
Elections: No specific mention.
Electoral commission: No specific mention.
Political parties reform: No specific mention.
Civil society: No specific mention.
Traditional/religious leaders: The parties will formally request the oversight of this process by the MAPP-OAS, the Netherlands and the Episcopal Conference.
We would like to thank the government of Nariño, the Mission to Support the Peace Process of the Organisation of American States (MAPP-OAS), the Embassy of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, the Episcopal Conference of Colombia, and the hospitality of the mayor's office of Samaniego in hosting the third session for the co-construction of territorial peace in Nariño.
Public administration: No specific mention.
Constitution: No specific mention.

Power sharing

Political power sharing: No specific mention.
Territorial power sharing: No specific mention.
Economic power sharing: No specific mention.
Military power sharing: No specific mention.

Human rights and equality

Human rights/RoL general: No specific mention.
Bill of rights/similar: No specific mention.
Treaty incorporation: No specific mention.
Civil and political rights: No specific mention.
Socio-economic rights: No specific mention.

Rights related issues

Citizenship: No specific mention.
Democracy: No specific mention.
Detention procedures: No specific mention.
Media and communication: No specific mention.
Mobility/access: No specific mention.
Protection measures: No specific mention.
Other: No specific mention.

Rights institutions

NHRI: No specific mention.
Regional or international human rights institutions: No specific mention.

Justice sector reform

Criminal justice and emergency law: No specific mention.
State of emergency provisions: No specific mention.
Judiciary and courts: No specific mention.
Prisons and detention: No specific mention.
Traditional Laws: No specific mention.

Socio-economic reconstruction

Development or socio-economic reconstruction: Socio-economic reconstruction→Development or socio-economic reconstruction→Socio-economic development
Two months after the official launch of the initiative, the process has achieved significant milestones, reflecting a genuine commitment to peace, which is consolidated with the official establishment of the Roundtable, the de-escalation of violence, territorial transformation, and the transition of the members of Southern Comuneros towards full citizenship and a social and political movement.
The Parties will begin designing the process to establish the first territorial concentration zone before the end of 2024.
In this space, 30% of the Southern Comuneros troops will begin a concentration process in a defined location.
The effective implementation of this agreement will not only contribute to de-escalating violence and facilitating state intervention for territorial transformation, but will also strengthen trust between the parties and the bond with the affected communities.
National economic plan: No specific mention.
Natural resources: No specific mention.
International funds: No specific mention.
Business: No specific mention.
Taxation: No specific mention.
Banks: No specific mention.

Land, property and environment

Land reform/rights: No specific mention.
Pastoralist/nomadism rights: No specific mention.
Cultural heritage: No specific mention.
Environment: No specific mention.
Water or riparian rights or access: No specific mention.

Security sector

Security Guarantees: As a first gesture of goodwill, Southern Comuneros commit to suspending kidnappings, the recruitment of minors, and the use of anti-personnel mines.
Following the launch of comprehensive action against anti-personnel mines in the La Montaña de Samaniego reserve, comprehensive action against mines will be extended to other actors and territories.
Ceasefire: Security sector→Ceasefire→General commitments
1. Bilateral and Definitive Ceasefire and Cessation of Hostilities (CFHBD): The Parties will begin working at a technical roundtable that will include delegations from the Government and Southern Comuneros, the Public Force, and the Ministry of Defence, with the aim of gradually establishing protocols to achieve a bilateral and definitive ceasefire and cessation of hostilities.
Police: No specific mention.
Armed forces: No specific mention.
DDR: Security sector→DDR→Demilitarisation provisions
As a first gesture of goodwill, Southern Comuneros commit to suspending kidnappings, the recruitment of minors, and the use of anti-personnel mines.
Southern Comuneros commits to begin the gradual destruction of instruments of war, destroying a portion of them before December 2024.
To facilitate this process, a technical committee will be formed with the Government and Southern Comuneros Delegations, the Security Forces and the Ministry of Defence.
Following the launch of comprehensive action against anti-personnel mines in the La Montaña de Samaniego reserve, comprehensive action against mines will be extended to other actors and territories.
Security sector→DDR→DDR programmes
Two months after the official launch of the initiative, the process has achieved significant milestones, reflecting a genuine commitment to peace, which is consolidated with the official establishment of the Roundtable, the de-escalation of violence, territorial transformation, and the transition of the members of Southern Comuneros towards full citizenship and a social and political movement.
The Parties will begin designing the process to establish the first territorial concentration zone before the end of 2024.
In this space, 30% of the Southern Comuneros troops will begin a concentration process in a defined location.
To this end, a technical committee will be formed, which will include the Government and Southern Comuneros Delegations, the Public Force and the Ministry of Defence, in order to define the technical details that allow for the guarantee all security measures and facilitate their reintegration into civilian life.
Intelligence services: No specific mention.
Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces: As a first gesture of goodwill, Southern Comuneros commit to suspending kidnappings, the recruitment of minors, and the use of anti-personnel mines.
In this space, 30% of the Southern Comuneros troops will begin a concentration process in a defined location.
To this end, a technical committee will be formed, which will include the Government and Southern Comuneros Delegations, the Public Force and the Ministry of Defence, in order to define the technical details that allow for the guarantee all security measures and facilitate their reintegration into civilian life.
Southern Comuneros commits to begin the gradual destruction of instruments of war, destroying a portion of them before December 2024.
To facilitate this process, a technical committee will be formed with the Government and Southern Comuneros Delegations, the Security Forces and the Ministry of Defence.
Withdrawal of foreign forces: No specific mention.
Corruption: No specific mention.
Crime/organised crime: No specific mention.
Drugs: No specific mention.
Terrorism: No specific mention.

Transitional justice

Transitional justice general: No specific mention.
Amnesty/pardon: No specific mention.
Courts: No specific mention.
Mechanism: No specific mention.
Prisoner release: No specific mention.
Vetting: No specific mention.
Victims: No specific mention.
Missing persons: No specific mention.
Reparations: No specific mention.
Reconciliation: No specific mention.

Implementation

UN signatory: No specific mention.
Other international signatory: No specific mention.
Referendum for agreement: No specific mention.
International mission/force/similar: No specific mention.
Enforcement mechanism: No specific mention.

ROUNDTABLE FOR THE CO-CONSTRUCTION OF TERRITORIAL PEACE IN NARIÑO

Agreement Number 1

The National Government Delegation and the Delegation of Southern Comuneros present the first agreement of the Roundtable for the Co-construction of Territorial Peace in Nariño.

Two months after the official launch of the initiative, the process has achieved significant milestones, reflecting a genuine commitment to peace, which is consolidated with the official establishment of the Roundtable, the de-escalation of violence, territorial transformation, and the transition of the members of Southern Comuneros towards full citizenship and a social and political movement.

Therefore, we have agreed:

1. Bilateral and Definitive Ceasefire and Cessation of Hostilities (CFHBD): The Parties will begin working at a technical roundtable that will include delegations from the Government and Southern Comuneros, the Public Force, and the Ministry of Defence, with the aim of gradually establishing protocols to achieve a bilateral and definitive ceasefire and cessation of hostilities.

As a first gesture of goodwill, Southern Comuneros commit to suspending kidnappings, the recruitment of minors, and the use of anti-personnel mines.

For the purposes of implementing this agreement, an Effective Monitoring and Verification Mechanism (MM&VE) will be established;

its functions, procedures, and scope will be set out in the MM&VE protocol.

This Mechanism will contribute to transparency, credibility and confidence in the implementation process of the CFHBD.

2. Territorial Concentration Zones:

The Parties will begin designing the process to establish the first territorial concentration zone before the end of 2024.

In this space, 30% of the Southern Comuneros troops will begin a concentration process in a defined location.

To this end, a technical committee will be formed, which will include the Government and Southern Comuneros Delegations, the Public Force and the Ministry of Defence, in order to define the technical details that allow for the guarantee all security measures and facilitate their reintegration into civilian life.

3. Destruction of Instruments of War:

Southern Comuneros commits to begin the gradual destruction of instruments of war, destroying a portion of them before December 2024.

To facilitate this process, a technical committee will be formed with the Government and Southern Comuneros Delegations, the Security Forces and the Ministry of Defence.

The parties will formally request the oversight of this process by the MAPP-OAS, the Netherlands and the Episcopal Conference.

4. Humanitarian Demining:

Following the launch of comprehensive action against anti-personnel mines in the La Montaña de Samaniego reserve, comprehensive action against mines will be extended to other actors and territories.

This third session marks an important milestone in the process of co-constructing territorial peace.

The effective implementation of this agreement will not only contribute to de-escalating violence and facilitating state intervention for territorial transformation, but will also strengthen trust between the parties and the bond with the affected communities.

Our commitment is to work in a co-responsible manner, with the support of all involved actors, to ensure that these actions are realised within the agreed timeframes.

We would like to thank the government of Nariño, the Mission to Support the Peace Process of the Organisation of American States (MAPP-OAS), the Embassy of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, the Episcopal Conference of Colombia, and the hospitality of the mayor's office of Samaniego in hosting the third session for the co-construction of territorial peace in Nariño.

Samaniego, 19 September 2024