The Resolutions of the Civilian-Military Dialogue in Wuji Payam, Lainya County

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Country/entity: South Sudan
Region: Africa (excl MENA)
Agreement name: The Resolutions of the Civilian-Military Dialogue in Wuji Payam, Lainya County
Date: 4 Oct 2023
Agreement status: Multiparty signed/agreed
Interim arrangement: Yes
Agreement/conflict level: Intrastate/local conflict
Sudan Conflicts (1955 - )
Agreements relate to several distinct dyads, and also the negotiated independence of South Sudan, and subsequent internal conflict in South Sudan. Sudan-South Sudan. The long-standing conflict between the north and the south of the country dates back to colonial times, where the British introduced a so-called ‘Southern Policy’, severely hampering population movements between these big regions. Immediately after gaining independence in 1956, southern movements started to fight for independence; this fight became professionalised in 1983 with the foundation of the soon internationally supported Sudan People’s Liberation Army (SPLA). When the Islamic Front government introduced strict sharia laws in the south after it took over power in 1988 the war intensified. A decade later, the military situation reached a stalemate, enabling internationally facilitated peace negotiations to begin in 1997. After more fighting, a final negotiation push began in 2002, leading to the signing of the Comprehensive Peace Areement (CPA) in January 2005.

Sudan-South Sudan post referendum. South Sudan became independent in July 2011; since then, relations between the two countries are complicated and violent conflict led by the SPLM (North) in the Sudanese Nuba mountains region has since intensified.

Darfur. Other long-standing violent conflicts are in the east and the west of the country. In the east, the Beja Congress, established in 1957, is the spearhead of a currently ‘peaceful’ opposition movement. In the west, the violent conflict in Darfur intensified in the early 2000s and rapidly gained international attention, even resulting in genocide charges against leading figures of the Sudanese government. The situation on the ground is complex, with over a dozen organisations (most notably the Sudanese Liberation Movement and the Justice and Equality Movement) fighting the Sudanese government and allied groups like the Janjaweed – although all parties have switched sides on numerous occasions. Several mediation attempts have not been successful, due to the shaky commitment of the Sudanese central government and the distrust among the armed opposition.

South Sudan - internal
In December 2013, after president Salva Kiir accused opposition leader Riek Machar of attempting a coup, violent conflict broke out between government forces of the SPLM/A and anti-governmental groups. In addition, several other political militias as well as communal militias have joined the conflict. In 2015 the Agreement on the Resolution of the Conflict in South Sudan (ARCSS) was signed. Due to unsuccessful implementation the agreement was revitalized in 2018. In September 2019, Kiir and Machar agreed to establish a power-sharing government after struggles on forming a unity transitional government.
Stage: Pre-negotiation/process
Conflict nature: Inter-group
Peace process: South Sudan: Post-secession Local agreements
Parties: Military:
Commander 3rd Battalion - Ground Forces Division, Limbe-Lainya County

Local gov:
Stephen L Dennis - Security Coordinator, Lainya County
Hakim Ceazurio Micheal - Acting Ex Negetor, Lainya County
HON COMMISSIONER - LAINYA COUNTY

Wuji Community:
Tobia Osman Bura - Head Chief, Wuji Payam
Sartiele Tabu Dema - Head Chief, Kupera Payam
Rt. Bishop Elioba Lako Obede - C/Person County Peace Committee, Lainya County
Matthew Ladu John - Paramount Chief, Lainya County
Mary Bayi Mark - Women Representative
Youth Representative, Wuji Payam
Zachariah Loku Yakobo - Chairperson Inter Church Committee (ICC), Lainya County
Third parties: Warun William Emmanuel - Project Field Officer, Representative of CEPO as the
Main organizer of the Dialogue

Joseph Lumori Yasin - Representative of Whitaker Peace and Development Initiative (WPDI)
Description: A local civil-military dialogue which is part of structured local approaches to managing cycles of violence, and improving trust and social cohesion between communities and the military. This agreement mainly addresses civil-military relations in the Wuji payam in Lainya county, mainly calling for reconciliatory meetings between the armed forces and communities, and improved communication channels between the groups. The agreement sets out the local grievances at the centre of the local conflict, importantly addressing targeted killings between the army and civilians, sexual violence, displacement and pastoralist-farmer conflict. Substantively the agreement calls for reconciliatory meetings, and better measures against crimes and revenge killings by the armed forces, calling for mutually implemented measures by local government, traditional leaders and military commanders . Local Peace Committees and the local government support these traditional chief and community-led mechanisms.

Agreement document

SS_YYMMDD_The Resolutions of the Civilian-Military Dialogue in Wuji Payam | Download PDF

Source of document

https://www.eyeradio.org/civil-military-dialogue-calls-for-peaceful-cohesion-in-lainya/

https://sudantribune.com/article/277622

Groups

Children/youth: Groups→Children/youth→Rhetorical
Preamble:
...
displacement of innocent women, elderly and the children;
Disabled persons: No specific mention.
Elderly/age: Groups→Elderly/age→Rhetorical
Preamble:
...
displacement of innocent women, elderly and the children;
Migrant workers: No specific mention.
Racial/ethnic/national group: No specific mention.
Religious groups: No specific mention.
Indigenous people: No specific mention.
Other groups: No specific mention.
Refugees/displaced persons: Groups→Refugees/displaced persons→Rhetorical
Preamble:
...
Cognizant and Mindful of the facts that the heinous and barbaric behaviors of the individual soldiers and the cattle keepers contributed to more destruction of livelihood and displacement of the people of Wuji Payam to the refugee and IDP camps inside and outside South Sudan;
...
The Resolutions:
...
15. The Civil-Military Dialogue recommended the Army to avoid revenge killing in Wuji Payam in order to attract more returnees from the refugee camps in Uganda and some IDPs who are currently in Yaribe, Birigo, and Yei among other places and the military to provide protection to the civil population from any harm.
Groups→Refugees/displaced persons→Substantive
The Resolutions:
...
12. The Civil-Military Dialogue resolved that, CEPO through collaboration with the Consortium Partners should advocate to other Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) to rehabilitate social utilities such as water sources, provision of Humanitarian Needs such as food and non-food items (NFIs) to the IDPs and Returnees of Wuji Payam.
Social class: No specific mention.

Gender

Women, girls and gender: Preamble:
...
Aware of the, targeted killings between the individual civilian and soldiers;
rape of young girls and elderly women;
...
displacement of innocent women, elderly and the children;
...
The Signatories of the Civilian-Military Dialogue
...
Mary Bayi Mark Women Representative
Men and boys: No specific mention.
LGBTI: No specific mention.
Family: No specific mention.

State definition

Nature of state (general): No specific mention.
State configuration: No specific mention.
Self determination: No specific mention.
Referendum: No specific mention.
State symbols: No specific mention.
Independence/secession: No specific mention.
Accession/unification: No specific mention.
Border delimitation: No specific mention.
Cross-border provision: No specific mention.

Governance

Political institutions (new or reformed): No specific mention.
Elections: No specific mention.
Electoral commission: No specific mention.
Political parties reform: No specific mention.
Civil society: No specific mention.
Traditional/religious leaders: The Resolutions:
...
2. The Wuji Payam dialogue resolved that Chiefs and the Military Commanders should establish effective communication mechanisms in order to create good relationship between the civilian and the military in Wuji Payam.
...
5. The Civilian – Military dialogue resolved for the need to enhance good Relationship between Army and Civilians through conducting regular meetings by chiefs and army commanders.
...
7. The dialogue also resolved that wrong doers such as thieves once caught should be handed to local government Administrators, Chiefs, and/or Army Commanders to face Justice.
8. The dialogue also resolved that the County Local Government, Chiefs and the Military Commanders should regulate, control and restrict drinking of alcohol by both the civilian and the soldiers.
Public administration: No specific mention.
Constitution: No specific mention.

Power sharing

Political power sharing: No specific mention.
Territorial power sharing: No specific mention.
Economic power sharing: No specific mention.
Military power sharing: No specific mention.

Human rights and equality

Human rights/RoL general: No specific mention.
Bill of rights/similar: No specific mention.
Treaty incorporation: No specific mention.
Civil and political rights: No specific mention.
Socio-economic rights: No specific mention.

Rights related issues

Citizenship: No specific mention.
Democracy: No specific mention.
Detention procedures: No specific mention.
Media and communication: Rights related issues→Media and communication→Other
The Resolutions:
...
2. The Wuji Payam dialogue resolved that Chiefs and the Military Commanders should establish effective communication mechanisms in order to create good relationship between the civilian and the military in Wuji Payam.
Mobility/access: No specific mention.
Protection measures: Rights related issues→Protection measures→Protection of civilians
The Resolutions:
...
15. The Civil-Military Dialogue recommended the Army to avoid revenge killing in Wuji Payam in order to attract more returnees from the refugee camps in Uganda and some IDPs who are currently in Yaribe, Birigo, and Yei among other places and the military to provide protection to the civil population from any harm.
Other: No specific mention.

Rights institutions

NHRI: No specific mention.
Regional or international human rights institutions: No specific mention.

Justice sector reform

Criminal justice and emergency law: No specific mention.
State of emergency provisions: No specific mention.
Judiciary and courts: No specific mention.
Prisons and detention: No specific mention.
Traditional Laws: No specific mention.

Socio-economic reconstruction

Development or socio-economic reconstruction: Socio-economic reconstruction→Development or socio-economic reconstruction→Infrastructure and reconstruction
The Resolutions:
...
3. The civilian – military dialogue in Wuji Payam resolved the need to construct Kiju Bridge to ease movement of the civilians between Koyoki Boma and other Bomas in Wuji Payam
National economic plan: No specific mention.
Natural resources: No specific mention.
International funds: No specific mention.
Business: No specific mention.
Taxation: No specific mention.
Banks: No specific mention.

Land, property and environment

Land reform/rights: No specific mention.
Pastoralist/nomadism rights: No specific mention.
Cultural heritage: No specific mention.
Environment: No specific mention.
Water or riparian rights or access: No specific mention.

Security sector

Security Guarantees: No specific mention.
Ceasefire: No specific mention.
Police: No specific mention.
Armed forces: The Resolutions:
...
2. The Wuji Payam dialogue resolved that Chiefs and the Military Commanders should establish effective communication mechanisms in order to create good relationship between the civilian and the military in Wuji Payam.
...
5. The Civilian – Military dialogue resolved for the need to enhance good Relationship between Army and Civilians through conducting regular meetings by chiefs and army commanders.
6. The dialogue resolved that both civilians and military personnel should refrain from making unnecessary allegations against each other.
7. The dialogue also resolved that wrong doers such as thieves once caught should be handed to local government Administrators, Chiefs, and/or Army Commanders to face Justice.
8. The dialogue also resolved that the County Local Government, Chiefs and the Military Commanders should regulate, control and restrict drinking of alcohol by both the civilian and the soldiers.
For example, both the County Authority and the Military Commanders should pass an order that ban drinking of alcohol in the working hours.
...
15. The Civil-Military Dialogue recommended the Army to avoid revenge killing in Wuji Payam in order to attract more returnees from the refugee camps in Uganda and some IDPs who are currently in Yaribe, Birigo, and Yei among other places and the military to provide protection to the civil population from any harm.
DDR: No specific mention.
Intelligence services: No specific mention.
Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces: No specific mention.
Withdrawal of foreign forces: No specific mention.
Corruption: No specific mention.
Crime/organised crime: The Resolutions:
...
7. The dialogue also resolved that wrong doers such as thieves once caught should be handed to local government Administrators, Chiefs, and/or Army Commanders to face Justice.
Drugs: No specific mention.
Terrorism: No specific mention.

Transitional justice

Transitional justice general: No specific mention.
Amnesty/pardon: No specific mention.
Courts: No specific mention.
Mechanism: No specific mention.
Prisoner release: No specific mention.
Vetting: No specific mention.
Victims: No specific mention.
Missing persons: No specific mention.
Reparations: No specific mention.
Reconciliation: No specific mention.

Implementation

UN signatory: No specific mention.
Other international signatory: The Signatories of the Civilian-Military Dialogue
...
Joseph Lumori Yasin
Representative of WPDI
Referendum for agreement: No specific mention.
International mission/force/similar: No specific mention.
Enforcement mechanism: No specific mention.

The Resolutions of the Civilian – Military Dialogue in Wuji Payam, Lainya County

Preamble:

We, the people of Wuji Payam in Lainya County together with the SSPDF – Ground Forces deployed to protect the people, properties and the natural resources of Lainya County;

Remembered the legacy of our heroes and heroines, unity, dignity and the peaceful co-existence of the people of South Sudan in general;

and Wuji Payam in particular;

Recognized that the 2013 and 2016 civil wars in South Sudan mostly affected and displaced the people of South Sudan in general;

and particularly the people of Wuji Payam;

Cognizant and Mindful of the facts that the heinous and barbaric behaviors of the individual soldiers and the cattle keepers contributed to more destruction of livelihood and displacement of the people of Wuji Payam to the refugee and IDP camps inside and outside South Sudan;

Aware of the, targeted killings between the individual civilian and soldiers;

rape of young girls and elderly women;

intra and inter communal conflicts between the farmers and the cattle keepers;

displacement of innocent women, elderly and the children;

and the general suffering of the grassroots;

Conscious of the danger that if the basic services are not provided, mediation between fallout groups and Government not conducted, cattle keepers not educated to adopt new methods of cattle ranching;

and the Revitalized Peace Agreement implemented in letter and spirit;

may aggravate new conflicts, disunity, displacement and more suffering to the people of Wuji Payam in particular and South Sudan in general;

Committed to immediate restoration of peace, justice, harmony and peaceful co-existence through dialogues and awareness raising among the civilian, and the military;

Therefore, CEPO took this initiative in partnership with IOM and in collaboration with the Lainya County Peace Committee and Lainya County Administration to address issues affecting both the civilian and the military in order to create a peaceful and conducive environment for refugees and IDPs to return and rebuild their lives in Wuji Payam Lainya County.

The Resolutions:

The Lainya County Peace Committee with support from CEPO and in collaboration with the Administration of Lainya County conducted a three days Civilian – Military Dialogue in Wuji Payam, Lainya County and came out with the following resolutions:-

1. The Wuji civilian – military Dialogue resolved that the Government should grant mandate to the Lainya County Peace Committee to mediate peace talks between fall-out groups and the Government.

2. The Wuji Payam dialogue resolved that Chiefs and the Military Commanders should establish effective communication mechanisms in order to create good relationship between the civilian and the military in Wuji Payam.

3. The civilian – military dialogue in Wuji Payam resolved the need to construct Kiju Bridge to ease movement of the civilians between Koyoki Boma and other Bomas in Wuji Payam

4. The Wuji dialogue recommended for the deployment of Payam Director and completion of Local Government Structures in Wuji Payam.

5. The Civilian – Military dialogue resolved for the need to enhance good Relationship between Army and Civilians through conducting regular meetings by chiefs and army commanders.

6. The dialogue resolved that both civilians and military personnel should refrain from making unnecessary allegations against each other.

7. The dialogue also resolved that wrong doers such as thieves once caught should be handed to local government Administrators, Chiefs, and/or Army Commanders to face Justice.

8. The dialogue also resolved that the County Local Government, Chiefs and the Military Commanders should regulate, control and restrict drinking of alcohol by both the civilian and the soldiers.

For example, both the County Authority and the Military Commanders should pass an order that ban drinking of alcohol in the working hours.

9. The dialogue recommended the Local Government to lobby and advocate for rehabilitation and improvement of basic social service infrastructures such as schools, health centers in all the Bomas of Wuji Payam.

10. The dialogue recommended that individuals or Companies seeking to do logging activities Must first obtain permission from Local Government Authorities and Landlords.

11. The dialogue participants resolved that Lainya County Local Government Authorities should visit Koyoki Boma to acquaint themselves with the humanitarian situation.

12. The Civil-Military Dialogue resolved that, CEPO through collaboration with the Consortium Partners should advocate to other Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) to rehabilitate social utilities such as water sources, provision of Humanitarian Needs such as food and non-food items (NFIs) to the IDPs and Returnees of Wuji Payam.

13. The Civil-Military dialogue participants Recommended both civil population and military personnel in Wuji Payam to embrace the spirit of Love, Unity, and Respect among themselves.

14. The Civil-Military Dialogue recommended for both civilians and the military to pray and worship together for spiritual growth.

15. The Civil-Military Dialogue recommended the Army to avoid revenge killing in Wuji Payam in order to attract more returnees from the refugee camps in Uganda and some IDPs who are currently in Yaribe, Birigo, and Yei among other places and the military to provide protection to the civil population from any harm.

---

The Signatories of the Civilian-Military Dialogue

Date:

4/13/2023

Commander 3rd Battalion

Ground Forces Division

Limbe-Lainya County

Date:

[signature date]

Stephen Poni Simon

Security Advisor Lainya County

Date:

4/12/2023

Tobia Osman Bura

Head Chief Wuji Payam

Date:

4/9/2023

Santele Tabu Dema

Head Chief- Kupera Payam

Date:

04/12/2023

Joseph Lumori Yasin

Representative of WPDI

Date:

4/13/2023

Warun William Emmanuel

Project Field Officer

Representative of CEPO as the

Main organizer of the Dialogue

Date:

[signature date]

Hakim Cesar Micheal

Acting Ex-MP

Lainya County

Date:

04/10/2023

Rt. Bishop Elioba Lako Obede

C/Person County Peace Committee

Lainya County

Date:

04/10/2023

Matthew Ladu John

Paramount Chief Lainya County

Date:

06/10/2023

Mary Bayi Mark Women Representative

Date:

4/09/2023

Youth Representative

Wuji Payam

Date:

21/10/2023

Zachariah Loku Yakobo

Chairperson Inter Church

Committee (ICC)

Lainya County

Date:

[signature date]

HON COMMISSIONER

LAINYA COUNTY

The Resolutions of the Civilian-Military Dialogue in Wuji Payam, Lainya County

Groups

Gender

State definition

Governance

Power sharing

Human rights and equality

Rights related issues

Rights institutions

Justice sector reform

Socio-economic reconstruction

Land, property and environment

Security sector

Transitional justice

Implementation

Source agreement