Marco Político y Conceptual de Acciones y Dinámicas Humanitarias

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Country/entity: Colombia
Region: Americas
Agreement name: Marco Político y Conceptual de Acciones y Dinámicas Humanitarias
Date: 4 Sep 2023
Agreement status: Multiparty signed/agreed
Interim arrangement: Yes
Agreement/conflict level: Intrastate/intrastate conflict
Colombian Conflict (1964 - )
The Colombian conflict is really a set of conflicts and the peace agreements reflect both different processes relating to different conflict groups and dyads, and processes taking place at different times in a complex peace process history. The Colombian civil war has its roots in the late 1940s and the violent infighting between liberal and the conservative factions. Emerging from the liberal tradition with a thorough grounding in nationalist communist ideology, the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia—People's Army (FARC) began its armed insurrection against the Colombian government in 1964. Other left-wing guerrillas emerged as well, most notably the socialist/populist M-19, which would later be integrated into the formal political system in the peace process of 1990s; the National Liberation Army (ELN), which has strong roots in liberation theology, and the Maoist Ejército Popular de Liberación (EPL) (also part of the 1990 process, less successfully). Several stages of peace processes were undertaken by the various sides, which were further complicated by the emergence of right-wing paramilitary ‘self-defence’ forces. The peace agreement between the Colombian government under President Uribe and the main alliance of the paramilitary groups, the United Self-Defence Forces of Colombia (AUC), concluded in 2005 and is still heavily disputed as several remnants are still active, but now subsumed under the heading ‘Bacrim’ (Bandas criminales). In addition, FARC and ELN maintain a military presence, but both demonstrate a strong interest in completing successful peace negotiations with the government, with the most recent agreements being between FARC and the Government.
Stage: Framework/substantive - partial
Conflict nature: Government/territory
Peace process: Colombia VII - Petro Peace Dialogues with ELN
Parties: Delegation of the Government of the Republic of Colombia:

José Otty Patiño Hormaza (Head of Delegation)
Iván Danilo Rueda Rodríguez (High Commissioner for Peace)
Iván Cepeda Castro
Adelaida Jiménez Cortés
Horacio Guerrero García
Olga Lilia Silva López
Orlando Romero Reyes
Rosmery Quintero Castro
Rodrigo Botero García
Carlos Alfondo Rosero
Dayana Paola Urzola Domicó
José Félix Lafaurie Rivera
Nigeria Rentería Lozano
Álvaro Matallana Eslava
María José Pizarro Rodríguez

Delegation of the National Liberation Army – ELN:

Pablo Beltrán (Head of Delegation)
Aureliano Carbonell
Bernardo Téllez
Nicolás Rodríguez Bautista
Isabel Torres
Simón Pabón
Manuel Aponte
Fabián Sepúlveda
Omar Vásquez
Third parties: Observers from the Public Force:

Bg William Oswaldo Rincón Zambrano
Mg Hugo Alejandro López Barreto

Witnesses and depositaries – Guarantor Countries:

Glivânia Maria de Oliveira (Federative Republic of Brazil)
Raúl Vergara Meneses (Republic of Chile)
Alejandro Malmierca Castaño (Republic of Cuba)
Roberto de León Huerta (United Mexican States)
Jon Otto Brodholt (Kingdom of Norway)
Gen. Carlos Martínez Mendoza (Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela)

Permanent Companions:

Carlos G. Ruiz Massieu (Special Representative of the Secretary-General of the United Nations)
Mgr. Héctor Fabio Henao Gaviria (Delegate for Church-State Relations, CEC)
Description: This agreement establishes the political and conceptual framework for humanitarian actions and dynamics between the Colombian Government and the ELN, as part of their ongoing peace dialogue. It sets out humanitarian principles grounded in International Humanitarian Law, defines the purposes and approaches for joint humanitarian efforts aimed at protecting civilians and reducing the intensity of the armed conflict. The agreement prioritizes communities and territories facing the most severe humanitarian crises and commits the parties to coordinating implementation with affected communities.

Agreement document: CO_230904_Marco_Político_y_Conceptual_de_Acciones_y_Dinámicas_Humanitarias_EN (opens in new tab) | Download PDF
Agreement document (original language): CO_230904_Marco Político y Conceptual de Acciones y Dinámicas Humanitarias (opens in new tab)| Download PDF
Source of document: https://www.consejeriacomisionadadepaz.gov.co/dialogos-eln/Documents/Acuerdo%2012%20Marco%20Poli%CC%81tico%20acciones%20y%20dina%CC%81micas%20humanitarias.pdf

Groups

Children/youth: Groups→Children/youth→Rhetorical
6. Approaches to the humanitarian actions and dynamics
...
The approaches defined by the Parties are as follows:
...
• It is recognised that people have particular characteristics based on their age, gender, sexual orientation, disability, ethnicity, territory, rights, and conditions of vulnerability, which will be taken into account in the implementation of humanitarian actions and dynamics.
Disabled persons: Groups→Disabled persons→Rhetorical
6. Approaches to the humanitarian actions and dynamics
...
The approaches defined by the Parties are as follows:
...
• It is recognised that people have particular characteristics based on their age, gender, sexual orientation, disability, ethnicity, territory, rights, and conditions of vulnerability, which will be taken into account in the implementation of humanitarian actions and dynamics.
Elderly/age: Groups→Elderly/age→Rhetorical
6. Approaches to the humanitarian actions and dynamics
...
The approaches defined by the Parties are as follows:
...
• It is recognised that people have particular characteristics based on their age, gender, sexual orientation, disability, ethnicity, territory, rights, and conditions of vulnerability, which will be taken into account in the implementation of humanitarian actions and dynamics.
Migrant workers: No specific mention.
Racial/ethnic/national group: Groups→Racial/ethnic/national group→Rhetorical
6. Approaches to the humanitarian actions and dynamics
...
The approaches defined by the Parties are as follows:
...
• It is recognised that people have particular characteristics based on their age, gender, sexual orientation, disability, ethnicity, territory, rights, and conditions of vulnerability, which will be taken into account in the implementation of humanitarian actions and dynamics.
Religious groups: No specific mention.
Indigenous people: No specific mention.
Other groups: No specific mention.
Refugees/displaced persons: Groups→Refugees/displaced persons→Rhetorical
5. Purposes
...
For the purposes of the agreements on humanitarian actions and dynamics, the following objectives are highlighted:
...
• Contribute to resolving the humanitarian and human rights crisis affecting the population in their territories and displaced populations in the context of armed conflict and state abandonment.
Social class: No specific mention.

Gender

Women, girls and gender: 6. Approaches to the humanitarian actions and dynamics
...
The approaches defined by the Parties are as follows:
...
• It is recognised that people have particular characteristics based on their age, gender, sexual orientation, disability, ethnicity, territory, rights, and conditions of vulnerability, which will be taken into account in the implementation of humanitarian actions and dynamics.
Men and boys: No specific mention.
LGBTI: Gender→LGBTI→LGBTI (positive)
6. Approaches to the humanitarian actions and dynamics
...
The approaches defined by the Parties are as follows:
...
• It is recognised that people have particular characteristics based on their age, gender, sexual orientation, disability, ethnicity, territory, rights, and conditions of vulnerability, which will be taken into account in the implementation of humanitarian actions and dynamics.
Family: No specific mention.

State definition

Nature of state (general): No specific mention.
State configuration: No specific mention.
Self determination: No specific mention.
Referendum: No specific mention.
State symbols: No specific mention.
Independence/secession: No specific mention.
Accession/unification: No specific mention.
Border delimitation: No specific mention.
Cross-border provision: No specific mention.

Governance

Political institutions (new or reformed): No specific mention.
Elections: No specific mention.
Electoral commission: No specific mention.
Political parties reform: No specific mention.
Civil society: No specific mention.
Traditional/religious leaders: No specific mention.
Public administration: No specific mention.
Constitution: No specific mention.

Power sharing

Political power sharing: No specific mention.
Territorial power sharing: No specific mention.
Economic power sharing: No specific mention.
Military power sharing: No specific mention.

Human rights and equality

Human rights/RoL general: 3. Humanitarian Principles
The Parties have agreed to respect the following principles of IHL.
3.1. Mandatory nature of humanitarian rules governing means, methods, practices, and orders in armed conflict.
3.2. Non-reciprocity: commitment to abide by the rules of IHL, regardless of their compliance by the other party.
3.3. Distinction between civilian objects and military objectives.
4. Concepts
Humanitarian actions and dynamics are based on recognition and respect of human dignity, the comprehensiveness of rights, freedoms, and the protection of the civilian population, non-combatants, and other protected persons – in accordance with the provisions of IHL – in the context of armed conflict.
Humanitarian actions and dynamics are aimed at mitigating suffering, restoring rights, reducing the intensity of the conflict, strengthening the social, organisational, and cultural network of towns and communities, protecting territories, caring for Mother Earth, creating conditions for participation and transformation in peacebuilding, and paving the way for a definitive solution to the conflict, in accordance with the principles of humanity, protection, and distinction.
The humanitarian actions and dynamics arising from the agreements within the framework of this peace process will be carried out in good faith, contributing to deepening political dialogue and participation, and generating favourable scenarios towards a definitive peace agreement.
The humanitarian actions and dynamics are designed and implemented in response to the needs of the population and the realities of the context, recognising their initiatives and in consultation with them.
They may not be exploited for the benefit or advantage of any of the Parties.
Humanitarian actions and dynamics, as part of the practical developments of International Humanitarian Law, place human dignity at the centre, from which the obligation for the Parties derives.
5. Purposes
...
8, “Initial elements for addressing the ceasefire”, and, once the Temporary Bilateral Ceasefire is fully implemented, the Parties undertake to comply with IHL and the signed agreements, which entail the regulation of armed confrontation, respect for the civilian population, and those left hors de combat.
For the purposes of the agreements on humanitarian actions and dynamics, the following objectives are highlighted:
...
• Contribute to resolving the humanitarian and human rights crisis affecting the population in their territories and displaced populations in the context of armed conflict and state abandonment.
...
• Create conditions for the restoration of the rights of individuals, towns, and communities affected by the armed conflict, enabling them to rebuild their social and economic networks.
• Guarantee basic conditions for the exercise of the political rights of individuals, communities, and towns.
6. Approaches to the humanitarian actions and dynamics
The scope of humanitarian law is limited to the parties' obligations and does not replace the definition and implementation of socioeconomic programmes, infrastructure or services, development or investment plans, or emergency assistance and relief activities, which are the responsibility of the State.
However, such a scope can contribute to the development of public policies agreed upon with communities and to the generation of urgent, fundamental changes that provide them with the conditions for guaranteeing comprehensively conceived human rights.
Bill of rights/similar: No specific mention.
Treaty incorporation: No specific mention.
Civil and political rights: No specific mention.
Socio-economic rights: No specific mention.

Rights related issues

Citizenship: No specific mention.
Democracy: No specific mention.
Detention procedures: 5. Purposes
...
For the purposes of the agreements on humanitarian actions and dynamics, the following objectives are highlighted:
...
• Contribute to overcoming the humanitarian crisis affecting prisoners and develop specific actions for the differentiated humanitarian treatment of political prisoners and prisoners recognised as members of the ELN, in accordance with IHL and within the framework of the ongoing peace process.
Media and communication: No specific mention.
Mobility/access: 6. Approaches to the humanitarian actions and dynamics
...
The approaches defined by the Parties are as follows:
...
In addition, the presence, action, and movement of social and human rights organisations and national and international humanitarian agencies will be specially guaranteed.
Protection measures: Rights related issues→Protection measures→Protection of civilians
3. Humanitarian Principles
The Parties have agreed to respect the following principles of IHL.
...
3.3. Distinction between civilian objects and military objectives.
4. Concepts
Humanitarian actions and dynamics are based on recognition and respect of human dignity, the comprehensiveness of rights, freedoms, and the protection of the civilian population, non-combatants, and other protected persons – in accordance with the provisions of IHL – in the context of armed conflict.
Humanitarian actions and dynamics are aimed at mitigating suffering, restoring rights, reducing the intensity of the conflict, strengthening the social, organisational, and cultural network of towns and communities, protecting territories, caring for Mother Earth, creating conditions for participation and transformation in peacebuilding, and paving the way for a definitive solution to the conflict, in accordance with the principles of humanity, protection, and distinction.
...
5. Purposes
...
For the purposes of the agreements on humanitarian actions and dynamics, the following objectives are highlighted:
• Safeguard the lives of individuals, communities, and towns in territories where the armed conflict is taking place.
...
• Create conditions for individuals, communities, and towns to participate with greater security, freedom, and autonomy in the construction and implementation of transformative programmes and projects for peace.
• Improve the conditions and guarantees of well-being and security so that individuals, communities, and towns can freely participate in the processes of social participation and social monitoring of the Ceasefire within the ongoing peace process.
Rights related issues→Protection measures→Protection of groups
4. Concepts
Humanitarian actions and dynamics are based on recognition and respect of human dignity, the comprehensiveness of rights, freedoms, and the protection of the civilian population, non-combatants, and other protected persons – in accordance with the provisions of IHL – in the context of armed conflict.
...
5. Purposes
...
For the purposes of the agreements on humanitarian actions and dynamics, the following objectives are highlighted:
• Safeguard the lives of individuals, communities, and towns in territories where the armed conflict is taking place.
...
• Create conditions for individuals, communities, and towns to participate with greater security, freedom, and autonomy in the construction and implementation of transformative programmes and projects for peace.
• Improve the conditions and guarantees of well-being and security so that individuals, communities, and towns can freely participate in the processes of social participation and social monitoring of the Ceasefire within the ongoing peace process.
Other: No specific mention.

Rights institutions

NHRI: No specific mention.
Regional or international human rights institutions: No specific mention.

Justice sector reform

Criminal justice and emergency law: No specific mention.
State of emergency provisions: No specific mention.
Judiciary and courts: No specific mention.
Prisons and detention: No specific mention.
Traditional Laws: No specific mention.

Socio-economic reconstruction

Development or socio-economic reconstruction: Socio-economic reconstruction→Development or socio-economic reconstruction→Socio-economic development
For the purposes of the agreements on humanitarian actions and dynamics, the following objectives are highlighted:
...
6. Approaches to the humanitarian actions and dynamics
The scope of humanitarian law is limited to the parties' obligations and does not replace the definition and implementation of socioeconomic programmes, infrastructure or services, development or investment plans, or emergency assistance and relief activities, which are the responsibility of the State.
Socio-economic reconstruction→Development or socio-economic reconstruction→Humanitarian assistance
6. Approaches to the humanitarian actions and dynamics
...
The approaches defined by the Parties are as follows:
• The Parties will fulfil their commitments and participate in the implementation of joint actions in the humanitarian action and dynamics agreements.
• The formulation and implementation of humanitarian actions and dynamics will be agreed upon, arranged, and coordinated with the communities and towns of the locations where they will be carried out.
...
The purpose of these agreements is to prioritise the communities, towns, and territories with the most severe humanitarian crises, as defined by the Peace Dialogue Table between the Government of Colombia and the National Liberation Army (ELN).
The development of humanitarian actions and dynamics is an essential element of point 5 of the Peace Dialogue Agenda, in order to achieve substantial improvements in the living conditions of the prison population and those in the territories.
...
For the execution of humanitarian actions and dynamics, the humanitarian agendas of the communities will be taken into account, and their fulfilment and implementation will be pursued in a concerted and coordinated manner with them.
Socio-economic reconstruction→Development or socio-economic reconstruction→Infrastructure and reconstruction
For the purposes of the agreements on humanitarian actions and dynamics, the following objectives are highlighted:
...
6. Approaches to the humanitarian actions and dynamics
The scope of humanitarian law is limited to the parties' obligations and does not replace the definition and implementation of socioeconomic programmes, infrastructure or services, development or investment plans, or emergency assistance and relief activities, which are the responsibility of the State.
National economic plan: No specific mention.
Natural resources: No specific mention.
International funds: No specific mention.
Business: No specific mention.
Taxation: No specific mention.
Banks: No specific mention.

Land, property and environment

Land reform/rights: No specific mention.
Pastoralist/nomadism rights: No specific mention.
Cultural heritage: No specific mention.
Environment: 4. Concepts
...
Humanitarian actions and dynamics are aimed at mitigating suffering, restoring rights, reducing the intensity of the conflict, strengthening the social, organisational, and cultural network of towns and communities, protecting territories, caring for Mother Earth, creating conditions for participation and transformation in peacebuilding, and paving the way for a definitive solution to the conflict, in accordance with the principles of humanity, protection, and distinction.
...
6. Approaches to the humanitarian actions and dynamics
...
The approaches defined by the Parties are as follows:
...
• Minimise as much as possible the potential negative effects of humanitarian action on the population, the territory, and the environment;
to achieve this, communities must be involved on an ongoing basis.
Water or riparian rights or access: No specific mention.

Security sector

Security Guarantees: 5. Purposes
...
For the purposes of the agreements on humanitarian actions and dynamics, the following objectives are highlighted:
...
• Improve the conditions and guarantees of well-being and security so that individuals, communities, and towns can freely participate in the processes of social participation and social monitoring of the Ceasefire within the ongoing peace process.
Ceasefire: Security sector→Ceasefire→General commitments
5. Purposes
...
For the purposes of the agreements on humanitarian actions and dynamics, the following objectives are highlighted:
...
• Improve the conditions and guarantees of well-being and security so that individuals, communities, and towns can freely participate in the processes of social participation and social monitoring of the Ceasefire within the ongoing peace process.
Police: No specific mention.
Armed forces: No specific mention.
DDR: No specific mention.
Intelligence services: No specific mention.
Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces: 6. Approaches to the humanitarian actions and dynamics
...
The approaches defined by the Parties are as follows:
...
• Contribute to the eradication of any type of paramilitarism in the territories where humanitarian actions and dynamics are carried out.
Withdrawal of foreign forces: No specific mention.
Corruption: No specific mention.
Crime/organised crime: No specific mention.
Drugs: No specific mention.
Terrorism: No specific mention.

Transitional justice

Transitional justice general: No specific mention.
Amnesty/pardon: No specific mention.
Courts: No specific mention.
Mechanism: No specific mention.
Prisoner release: No specific mention.
Vetting: No specific mention.
Victims: No specific mention.
Missing persons: No specific mention.
Reparations: No specific mention.
Reconciliation: No specific mention.

Implementation

UN signatory: As witnesses and depositaries:
...
Permanent Companions
Carlos G. Ruiz Massieu, Special Representative of the Secretary-General of the United Nations
Other international signatory: As witnesses and depositaries:
Guarantor Countries
Glivânia Maria de Oliveira, Federative Republic of Brazil
Raúl Vergara Meneses, Republic of Chile
Alejandro Malmierca Castaño, Republic of Cuba
Roberto de León Huerta, United Mexican States
Jon Otto Brodholt, Kingdom of Norway
Gen. Carlos Martínez Mendoza, Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela
Permanent Companions
...
Mgr. Héctor Fabio Henao Gaviria, Delegate for Church-State Relations, CEC
Referendum for agreement: No specific mention.
International mission/force/similar: No specific mention.
Enforcement mechanism: No specific mention.

Agreement No.

POLITICAL AND CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK FOR HUMANITARIAN ACTIONS AND DYNAMICS

FIRST CARACAS AGREEMENT

1. Background

On March 30, 2016, in Caracas, Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, an Agreement was signed that initiated the public phase of dialogue between the Colombian State and the National Liberation Army (ELN), establishing an agenda for this purpose.

Subpoint 5f of the aforementioned agreement establishes the humanitarian actions and dynamics.

Meanwhile, in Quito, Republic of Ecuador, the Parties agreed on the Common Framework of Reference, included in Public Communiqué No.2 of April 6, 2017, which states the following:

“protect non-combatants and the civilian population from the effects of the armed conflict, through humanitarian actions or agreements, in accordance with International Humanitarian Law, and consequently reduce the intensity of the conflict”.

2. Preamble

The foregoing was reflected in Agreement No.3, “Humanitarian Actions and Dynamics”, signed by the Parties in Caracas, Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, on November 23, 2022.

The “Partial Agreement on Emergency Response within the Framework of Humanitarian Actions and Dynamics”, signed on December 12, 2022, established the path to continue the efforts defined by the Parties, aimed at providing assistance to the communities of Bajo Calima and San Juan and humanitarian assistance to political prisoners and persons deprived of liberty recognised as members of the ELN.

The “Mexico Agreement”, which incorporates the New Agenda for Peace Dialogues, recognises the structural political, economic, and socio-environmental crisis in which the population affected by the armed conflict is immersed in their lives and in their territories.

3. Humanitarian Principles

The Parties have agreed to respect the following principles of IHL.

3.1. Mandatory nature of humanitarian rules governing means, methods, practices, and orders in armed conflict.

3.2. Non-reciprocity: commitment to abide by the rules of IHL, regardless of their compliance by the other party.

3.3. Distinction between civilian objects and military objectives.

4. Concepts

Humanitarian actions and dynamics are based on recognition and respect of human dignity, the comprehensiveness of rights, freedoms, and the protection of the civilian population, non-combatants, and other protected persons – in accordance with the provisions of IHL – in the context of armed conflict.

Humanitarian actions and dynamics are aimed at mitigating suffering, restoring rights, reducing the intensity of the conflict, strengthening the social, organisational, and cultural network of towns and communities, protecting territories, caring for Mother Earth, creating conditions for participation and transformation in peacebuilding, and paving the way for a definitive solution to the conflict, in accordance with the principles of humanity, protection, and distinction.

The humanitarian actions and dynamics arising from the agreements within the framework of this peace process will be carried out in good faith, contributing to deepening political dialogue and participation, and generating favourable scenarios towards a definitive peace agreement.

The humanitarian actions and dynamics are designed and implemented in response to the needs of the population and the realities of the context, recognising their initiatives and in consultation with them.

They may not be exploited for the benefit or advantage of any of the Parties.

Humanitarian actions and dynamics, as part of the practical developments of International Humanitarian Law, place human dignity at the centre, from which the obligation for the Parties derives.

5. Purposes

In Agreement No.

8, “Initial elements for addressing the ceasefire”, and, once the Temporary Bilateral Ceasefire is fully implemented, the Parties undertake to comply with IHL and the signed agreements, which entail the regulation of armed confrontation, respect for the civilian population, and those left hors de combat.

For the purposes of the agreements on humanitarian actions and dynamics, the following objectives are highlighted:

• Safeguard the lives of individuals, communities, and towns in territories where the armed conflict is taking place.

• Contribute to resolving the humanitarian and human rights crisis affecting the population in their territories and displaced populations in the context of armed conflict and state abandonment.

• Contribute to overcoming the humanitarian crisis affecting prisoners and develop specific actions for the differentiated humanitarian treatment of political prisoners and prisoners recognised as members of the ELN, in accordance with IHL and within the framework of the ongoing peace process.

• Create conditions for individuals, communities, and towns to participate with greater security, freedom, and autonomy in the construction and implementation of transformative programmes and projects for peace.

• Improve the conditions and guarantees of well-being and security so that individuals, communities, and towns can freely participate in the processes of social participation and social monitoring of the Ceasefire within the ongoing peace process.

• Create conditions for the restoration of the rights of individuals, towns, and communities affected by the armed conflict, enabling them to rebuild their social and economic networks.

• Guarantee basic conditions for the exercise of the political rights of individuals, communities, and towns.

6. Approaches to the humanitarian actions and dynamics

The scope of humanitarian law is limited to the parties' obligations and does not replace the definition and implementation of socioeconomic programmes, infrastructure or services, development or investment plans, or emergency assistance and relief activities, which are the responsibility of the State.

However, such a scope can contribute to the development of public policies agreed upon with communities and to the generation of urgent, fundamental changes that provide them with the conditions for guaranteeing comprehensively conceived human rights.

The approaches defined by the Parties are as follows:

• The Parties will fulfil their commitments and participate in the implementation of joint actions in the humanitarian action and dynamics agreements.

• The formulation and implementation of humanitarian actions and dynamics will be agreed upon, arranged, and coordinated with the communities and towns of the locations where they will be carried out.

• It is recognised that people have particular characteristics based on their age, gender, sexual orientation, disability, ethnicity, territory, rights, and conditions of vulnerability, which will be taken into account in the implementation of humanitarian actions and dynamics.

• Contribute to the eradication of any type of paramilitarism in the territories where humanitarian actions and dynamics are carried out.

• Minimise as much as possible the potential negative effects of humanitarian action on the population, the territory, and the environment;

to achieve this, communities must be involved on an ongoing basis.

7. Scope of application

The purpose of these agreements is to prioritise the communities, towns, and territories with the most severe humanitarian crises, as defined by the Peace Dialogue Table between the Government of Colombia and the National Liberation Army (ELN).

The development of humanitarian actions and dynamics is an essential element of point 5 of the Peace Dialogue Agenda, in order to achieve substantial improvements in the living conditions of the prison population and those in the territories.

Similarly, in point 4 of the Second Cuba Agreement, on the Bilateral, National, and Temporary Ceasefire (CFBNT), “The objectives of this CFBNT Agreement are:

to reduce the intensity of the conflict, develop humanitarian actions and dynamics, encourage the participation of society in the peace process, and finalise humanitarian agreements for the areas with the greatest humanitarian crisis, as defined by the Peace Dialogue Table (…)”.

For the execution of humanitarian actions and dynamics, the humanitarian agendas of the communities will be taken into account, and their fulfilment and implementation will be pursued in a concerted and coordinated manner with them.

In addition, the presence, action, and movement of social and human rights organisations and national and international humanitarian agencies will be specially guaranteed.

Caracas, Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, September 4, 2023.

Signed by,

Delegation of the Government of the Republic of Colombia

José Otty Patiño Hormaza

Head of Delegation

Iván Danilo Rueda Rodríguez

High Commissioner for Peace

Iván Cepeda Castro

Adelaida Jiménez Cortés

Horacio Guerrero García

Olga Lilia Silva López

Orlando Romero Reyes

Rosmery Quintero Castro

Rodrigo Botero García

Carlos Alfondo Rosero

Dayana Paola Urzola Domicó

José Félix Lafaurie Rivera

Nigeria Rentería Lozano

Álvaro Matallana Eslava

María José Pizarro Rodríguez

Delegation of the National Liberation Army – ELN

Pablo Beltrán

Head of Delegation

Aureliano Carbonell

Bernardo Téllez

Nicolás Rodríguez Bautista

Isabel Torres

Simón Pabón

Manuel Aponte

Fabián Sepúlveda

Omar Vásquez

As Observers from the Public Force:

Bg William Oswaldo Rincón Zambrano

Mg Hugo Alejandro López Barreto

As witnesses and depositaries:

Guarantor Countries

Glivânia Maria de Oliveira, Federative Republic of Brazil

Raúl Vergara Meneses, Republic of Chile

Alejandro Malmierca Castaño, Republic of Cuba

Roberto de León Huerta, United Mexican States

Jon Otto Brodholt, Kingdom of Norway

Gen. Carlos Martínez Mendoza, Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela

Permanent Companions

Carlos G. Ruiz Massieu, Special Representative of the Secretary-General of the United Nations

Mgr. Héctor Fabio Henao Gaviria, Delegate for Church-State Relations, CEC