Acuerdo sobre Transformaciones Territoriales y Tierras

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Country/entity: Colombia
Region: Americas
Agreement name: Acuerdo sobre Transformaciones Territoriales y Tierras
Date: 17 Nov 2025
Agreement status: Multiparty signed/agreed
Interim arrangement: Yes
Agreement/conflict level: Intrastate/intrastate conflict
Colombian Conflict (1964 - )
The Colombian conflict is really a set of conflicts and the peace agreements reflect both different processes relating to different conflict groups and dyads, and processes taking place at different times in a complex peace process history. The Colombian civil war has its roots in the late 1940s and the violent infighting between liberal and the conservative factions. Emerging from the liberal tradition with a thorough grounding in nationalist communist ideology, the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia—People's Army (FARC) began its armed insurrection against the Colombian government in 1964. Other left-wing guerrillas emerged as well, most notably the socialist/populist M-19, which would later be integrated into the formal political system in the peace process of 1990s; the National Liberation Army (ELN), which has strong roots in liberation theology, and the Maoist Ejército Popular de Liberación (EPL) (also part of the 1990 process, less successfully). Several stages of peace processes were undertaken by the various sides, which were further complicated by the emergence of right-wing paramilitary ‘self-defence’ forces. The peace agreement between the Colombian government under President Uribe and the main alliance of the paramilitary groups, the United Self-Defence Forces of Colombia (AUC), concluded in 2005 and is still heavily disputed as several remnants are still active, but now subsumed under the heading ‘Bacrim’ (Bandas criminales). In addition, FARC and ELN maintain a military presence, but both demonstrate a strong interest in completing successful peace negotiations with the government, with the most recent agreements being between FARC and the Government.
Stage: Framework/substantive - partial
Conflict nature: Government/territory
Peace process: Colombia VII - Petro Peace Dialogues with FARC-EP
Parties: Government Delegation (Delegación de Gobierno Nacional):
- Gloria Quiceño Acevedo (Coordinadora)
- Yesid Arteta Dávila
- Fabio Valencia Cossio
- Feliciano Valencia Medina
- Luz Dari Landázury Segura
- Coronel (r) Genny Calvo Olmos
- Emiro Ropero Suárez
- Carlos Murgas Dávila

EMBF de las FARC-EP Delegation:
- Leopoldo Durán (Coordinador)
- Calarcá Córdoba
- Andrey Avendaño
- Jhon Mendoza
- José Tomás Ojeda
- Robinson Caicedo Ríos
- Tania Mendoza
Third parties: Guarantors (Garantes):
- Armando Franchi (Representante de la República Bolivariana de Venezuela)
- Niamh Kenny (Jefe de Misión Adjunta, Embajada de Irlanda)
- Philipp Lustenberger (Enviado Especial, Confederación Suiza)
- Ellen Fadnes (Consejera Embajada del Reino de Noruega)

Accompanying (Acompañantes):
- Antonio Delgado (Delegado del Representante Especial del Secretario General De Naciones Unidas en Colombia - Observador)
- Edelma Gómez (Misión de Apoyo Al Proceso de Paz en Colombia, Organización de Estados Americanos MAPP-OEA)
- Padre Ismael Fierro (Representante Conferencia Episcopal de Colombia)
- Jenny Neme Neiva (Enviada Especial adjunta del Consejo Mundial de Iglesias)

Observer (Observador):
- Jörg Schreiber (Encargado de Negocios a.i., Delegación de la Unión Europea)
Description: This agreement, signed on 17 November 2025 in Campo Hermoso (San Vicente del Caguán, Caquetá), is the first of a series of agreements of the seventh cycle of peace dialogue between the Colombian government and the FARC-EP dissident bloc (EMBF). It commits the Peace Dialogue Table (MDP) to a series of land-related measures including supporting land titling in the Amazon Belt, consolidating Peasant Reserve Areas, promoting food production zones, and creating an environmental and agricultural fund for rural communities. The agreement also establishes a thematic commission on land and territories, with named members from both delegations, tasked with advancing issues such as unproductive large estates, foreign land ownership, and land formalization.

Agreement document: CO_251117_Acuerdo sobre Transformaciones Territoriales y Tierras_EN (opens in new tab) | Download PDF
Agreement document (original language): CO_251117_Acuerdo sobre Transformaciones Territoriales y Tierras (opens in new tab)| Download PDF
Source of document: https://www.consejeriacomisionadadepaz.gov.co/dialogos_con_EMBF/Documents/Firmados/Campo-hermoso/Acuerdo-1-Ciclo-VII-Transformaciones-T.pdf

Groups

Children/youth: No specific mention.
Disabled persons: No specific mention.
Elderly/age: No specific mention.
Migrant workers: No specific mention.
Racial/ethnic/national group: No specific mention.
Religious groups: No specific mention.
Indigenous people: No specific mention.
Other groups: No specific mention.
Refugees/displaced persons: No specific mention.
Social class: Groups→Social class→Substantive
1. Will support the National Land Agency (ANT) in the land survey and titling of vacant land available for allocation by the Nation in the Amazon Belt, in order to strengthen legal security and dignified permanence for rural families.
2. Will support communities in their efforts to establish Peasant Reserve Areas (ZRC), consolidate Sustainable Development Plans as essential instruments for the peasant economy, rural land use planning and conservation of ecosystems.
4. Will manage the creation of an environmental and agricultural fund aimed at developing forest restoration, bioeconomy and/or sustainable production projects that strengthen the livelihoods of rural communities in areas of special environmental interest.

Gender

Women, girls and gender: No specific mention.
Men and boys: No specific mention.
LGBTI: No specific mention.
Family: 1. Will support the National Land Agency (ANT) in the land survey and titling of vacant land available for allocation by the Nation in the Amazon Belt, in order to strengthen legal security and dignified permanence for rural families.

State definition

Nature of state (general): No specific mention.
State configuration: No specific mention.
Self determination: No specific mention.
Referendum: No specific mention.
State symbols: No specific mention.
Independence/secession: No specific mention.
Accession/unification: No specific mention.
Border delimitation: No specific mention.
Cross-border provision: No specific mention.

Governance

Political institutions (new or reformed): No specific mention.
Elections: No specific mention.
Electoral commission: No specific mention.
Political parties reform: No specific mention.
Civil society: No specific mention.
Traditional/religious leaders: No specific mention.
Public administration: No specific mention.
Constitution: No specific mention.

Power sharing

Political power sharing: No specific mention.
Territorial power sharing: No specific mention.
Economic power sharing: No specific mention.
Military power sharing: No specific mention.

Human rights and equality

Human rights/RoL general: No specific mention.
Bill of rights/similar: No specific mention.
Treaty incorporation: No specific mention.
Civil and political rights: No specific mention.
Socio-economic rights: No specific mention.

Rights related issues

Citizenship: No specific mention.
Democracy: No specific mention.
Detention procedures: No specific mention.
Media and communication: No specific mention.
Mobility/access: No specific mention.
Protection measures: No specific mention.
Other: No specific mention.

Rights institutions

NHRI: No specific mention.
Regional or international human rights institutions: No specific mention.

Justice sector reform

Criminal justice and emergency law: No specific mention.
State of emergency provisions: No specific mention.
Judiciary and courts: No specific mention.
Prisons and detention: No specific mention.
Traditional Laws: No specific mention.

Socio-economic reconstruction

Development or socio-economic reconstruction: Socio-economic reconstruction→Development or socio-economic reconstruction→Socio-economic development
2. Will support communities in their efforts to establish Peasant Reserve Areas (ZRC), consolidate Sustainable Development Plans as essential instruments for the peasant economy, rural land use planning and conservation of ecosystems.
3. Will promote the consolidation of Food Protection and Production Areas (APPA) as determining factors in rural land use.
4. Will manage the creation of an environmental and agricultural fund aimed at developing forest restoration, bioeconomy and/or sustainable production projects that strengthen the livelihoods of rural communities in areas of special environmental interest.
5. Will strengthen the implementation of territorial transformation projects aimed at communities in the territories where the EMBF of the FARC-EP is present, managed by the MDP.
6. Will support the management of the Rural Development Agency (ADR) with communities in the territories.
7. Will make a series of visits to the Amazon Belt, Catatumbo, Antioquia and Sur de Bolívar, where communities have created agreements for territorial transformation, to hold a dialogue on the status and routes for implementing what has been agreed.
National economic plan: No specific mention.
Natural resources: 4. Will manage the creation of an environmental and agricultural fund aimed at developing forest restoration, bioeconomy and/or sustainable production projects that strengthen the livelihoods of rural communities in areas of special environmental interest.
International funds: No specific mention.
Business: No specific mention.
Taxation: No specific mention.
Banks: No specific mention.

Land, property and environment

Land reform/rights: Land, property and environment→Land reform/rights→Land reform and management
1. Will support the National Land Agency (ANT) in the land survey and titling of vacant land available for allocation by the Nation in the Amazon Belt, in order to strengthen legal security and dignified permanence for rural families.
2. Will support communities in their efforts to establish Peasant Reserve Areas (ZRC), consolidate Sustainable Development Plans as essential instruments for the peasant economy, rural land use planning and conservation of ecosystems.
3. Will promote the consolidation of Food Protection and Production Areas (APPA) as determining factors in rural land use.
4. Will manage the creation of an environmental and agricultural fund aimed at developing forest restoration, bioeconomy and/or sustainable production projects that strengthen the livelihoods of rural communities in areas of special environmental interest.
5. Will strengthen the implementation of territorial transformation projects aimed at communities in the territories where the EMBF of the FARC-EP is present, managed by the MDP.
6. Will support the management of the Rural Development Agency (ADR) with communities in the territories.
7. Will make a series of visits to the Amazon Belt, Catatumbo, Antioquia and Sur de Bolívar, where communities have created agreements for territorial transformation, to hold a dialogue on the status and routes for implementing what has been agreed.
The MDP agrees to establish a thematic commission on land and territories, which will define and promote a work plan and roadmap establishing the strategies, mechanisms, and instruments necessary to make progress on issues such as unproductive large estates, Law 2 of 1959, foreign ownership of land in Colombia, legal aspects of UAFs, and formalisation of land and urban property.
Pastoralist/nomadism rights: No specific mention.
Cultural heritage: No specific mention.
Environment: 2. Will support communities in their efforts to establish Peasant Reserve Areas (ZRC), consolidate Sustainable Development Plans as essential instruments for the peasant economy, rural land use planning and conservation of ecosystems.
4. Will manage the creation of an environmental and agricultural fund aimed at developing forest restoration, bioeconomy and/or sustainable production projects that strengthen the livelihoods of rural communities in areas of special environmental interest.
Water or riparian rights or access: No specific mention.

Security sector

Security Guarantees: No specific mention.
Ceasefire: No specific mention.
Police: No specific mention.
Armed forces: No specific mention.
DDR: No specific mention.
Intelligence services: No specific mention.
Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces: The MDP defines the following members of the commission:
For the EMBF of the FARC-EP:
1. Tomás Ojeda
2. Andrey Avendaño
3. Tania Mendoza
4. Leopoldo Duran
5. Two (2) advisors
Withdrawal of foreign forces: No specific mention.
Corruption: No specific mention.
Crime/organised crime: No specific mention.
Drugs: No specific mention.
Terrorism: No specific mention.

Transitional justice

Transitional justice general: No specific mention.
Amnesty/pardon: No specific mention.
Courts: No specific mention.
Mechanism: No specific mention.
Prisoner release: No specific mention.
Vetting: No specific mention.
Victims: No specific mention.
Missing persons: No specific mention.
Reparations: No specific mention.
Reconciliation: No specific mention.

Implementation

UN signatory: Accompanying parties:
Antonio Delgado
Delegate of the Special Representative of the United Nations Secretary-General in Colombia
Other international signatory: Signed the guarantors:
Armando Franchi
Representative of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela
Niamh Kenny
Deputy Head of Mission
Embassy of Ireland
[No signature]
Phillipp Lustenberger
Special Envoy
Swiss Confederation
Ellen Fadnes
Counsellor Embassy of the Kingdom of Norway
Observer
[No signature]
Edelma Gómez
Mission to Support The Peace Process in Colombia
Organisation of American States (MAPP-OEA)
Padre Ismael Fierro
Representative of the Episcopal Conference of Colombia
Jenny Neme Neiva
Deputy Special Envoy of the World Council of Churches
Signed as observer:
Jörg Schreiber
Chargé d'affaires a.i.
Delegation of the European Union
Referendum for agreement: No specific mention.
International mission/force/similar: No specific mention.
Enforcement mechanism: No specific mention.

AGREEMENT ON TERRITORIAL TRANSFORMATIONS AND LAND

VII CYCLE, AGREEMENT No.

Campo Hermoso, November 17, 2025.

The Peace Dialogue Table between the National Government of the Republic of Colombia and the General Staff of the Blocs Commander Jorge Suárez Briceño, Magdalena Medio Commander Gentil Duarte and Commander Raúl Reyes Front of the FARC-EP, meeting in Campo Hermoso inspection station, municipality of San Vicente del Caguán, department of Caquetá, on 17 November 2025, in the presence of the International Community, the World Council of Churches and the Colombian Episcopal Conference, agrees:

The MDP:

1. Will support the National Land Agency (ANT) in the land survey and titling of vacant land available for allocation by the Nation in the Amazon Belt, in order to strengthen legal security and dignified permanence for rural families.

2. Will support communities in their efforts to establish Peasant Reserve Areas (ZRC), consolidate Sustainable Development Plans as essential instruments for the peasant economy, rural land use planning and conservation of ecosystems.

3. Will promote the consolidation of Food Protection and Production Areas (APPA) as determining factors in rural land use.

Other organisational structures will also be taken into account.

4. Will manage the creation of an environmental and agricultural fund aimed at developing forest restoration, bioeconomy and/or sustainable production projects that strengthen the livelihoods of rural communities in areas of special environmental interest.

5. Will strengthen the implementation of territorial transformation projects aimed at communities in the territories where the EMBF of the FARC-EP is present, managed by the MDP.

6. Will support the management of the Rural Development Agency (ADR) with communities in the territories.

7. Will make a series of visits to the Amazon Belt, Catatumbo, Antioquia and Sur de Bolívar, where communities have created agreements for territorial transformation, to hold a dialogue on the status and routes for implementing what has been agreed.

The MDP agrees to establish a thematic commission on land and territories, which will define and promote a work plan and roadmap establishing the strategies, mechanisms, and instruments necessary to make progress on issues such as unproductive large estates, Law 2 of 1959, foreign ownership of land in Colombia, legal aspects of UAFs, and formalisation of land and urban property.

The MDP defines the following members of the commission:

For the EMBF of the FARC-EP:

1. Tomás Ojeda

2. Andrey Avendaño

3. Tania Mendoza

4. Leopoldo Duran

5. Two (2) advisors

For the National Government:

1. Yesid Arteta

2. Feliciano Valencia

3. Three (3) advisors

The delegations invite the accompanying persons and guarantors to participate in the commission, in accordance with the terms established in Agreement II.

Signed at the Campo Hermoso inspection station, in the rural area of the municipality of San Vicente del Caguán, department of Caquetá, on the 17th day of the month of November 2025.

Signed by the parties:

Gloria Quinceno Acevedo

Coordinator