Protocolo para el Seguimiento, Monitoreo y Verificación de los Compromisos de Paz en Doha

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Country/entity: Colombia
Region: Americas
Agreement name: Protocolo para el Seguimiento, Monitoreo y Verificación de los Compromisos de Paz en Doha
Date: 5 Dec 2025
Agreement status: Multiparty signed/agreed
Interim arrangement: Yes
Agreement/conflict level: Intrastate/intrastate conflict
Colombian Conflict (1964 - )
The Colombian conflict is really a set of conflicts and the peace agreements reflect both different processes relating to different conflict groups and dyads, and processes taking place at different times in a complex peace process history. The Colombian civil war has its roots in the late 1940s and the violent infighting between liberal and the conservative factions. Emerging from the liberal tradition with a thorough grounding in nationalist communist ideology, the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia—People's Army (FARC) began its armed insurrection against the Colombian government in 1964. Other left-wing guerrillas emerged as well, most notably the socialist/populist M-19, which would later be integrated into the formal political system in the peace process of 1990s; the National Liberation Army (ELN), which has strong roots in liberation theology, and the Maoist Ejército Popular de Liberación (EPL) (also part of the 1990 process, less successfully). Several stages of peace processes were undertaken by the various sides, which were further complicated by the emergence of right-wing paramilitary ‘self-defence’ forces. The peace agreement between the Colombian government under President Uribe and the main alliance of the paramilitary groups, the United Self-Defence Forces of Colombia (AUC), concluded in 2005 and is still heavily disputed as several remnants are still active, but now subsumed under the heading ‘Bacrim’ (Bandas criminales). In addition, FARC and ELN maintain a military presence, but both demonstrate a strong interest in completing successful peace negotiations with the government, with the most recent agreements being between FARC and the Government.
Stage: Implementation/renegotiation
Conflict nature: Government/territory
Peace process: Colombia VII - Petro Peace Dialogues with the Autodefensas Gaitanistas de Colombia
Parties: Government of the Republic of Colombia:

Álvaro Jiménez Millán
Águeda Plata Gómez
Armando Custodio Woúnyu Valbuena

Estado Mayor Conjunto del (a)EGC:

Luis Armando Pérez Castañeda

Voceros/no pertenecientes del (a)EGC:

Jévany de Jesús Marín Zapata
Abirbael Moneo Martínez
Wilton Martínez Blandón
Third parties: Technical Team OCCP:

Giorgio Londoño Medina

Observer from the Attorney General's Office (Procuraduría):

Néstor Iván Osuna Patiño (Procurador Delegado para los Derechos Humanos)
Alfonso Mauledoux Varón

Military Observers (Fuerza Pública):

Capitán de navío Marlon Fernando Cabrera (Observador Fuerzas Militares)
Teniente coronel Camilo Andrés Medina (Observador Policía Nacional)

Lawyers not belonging to (a)EGC:

Ricardo Andrés Giraldo Cifuentes
Enrique Ulloa Solibellec
Description: This protocol establishes a tripartite mechanism involving the Colombian Government, the (a)EGC armed group, and MAPP/OAS to follow-up, monitor, and verify peace commitments made within the Doha peace process framework. The mechanism will operate at national and local levels across 14 pilot municipalities in four Colombian departments, focusing on critical areas including protection of children and adolescents, educational programs for crop substitution, environmental protection, electoral peace, and compliance with International Humanitarian Law. MAPP/OAS will issue bimonthly reports and establish monitoring teams with continuous access to Temporary Location Zones (ZUTs), while the Government commits to providing financial and logistical support for these verification activities.

Agreement document: CO_251205_Protocolo para el Seguimiento Monitoreo y Verificación de los Compromisos de Paz en Doha_EN (opens in new tab) | Download PDF
Agreement document (original language): CO_251205_Protocolo para el Seguimiento, Monitoreo y Verificación de los Compromisos de Paz en Doha (opens in new tab)| Download PDF
Source of document: https://www.consejeriacomisionadadepaz.gov.co/Documents/Protocolo-de-Seguimiento-Monitoreo-y-Verificacion.pdf

Groups

Children/youth: No specific mention.
Disabled persons: No specific mention.
Elderly/age: No specific mention.
Migrant workers: No specific mention.
Racial/ethnic/national group: No specific mention.
Religious groups: No specific mention.
Indigenous people: No specific mention.
Other groups: No specific mention.
Refugees/displaced persons: No specific mention.
Social class: No specific mention.

Gender

Women, girls and gender: No specific mention.
Men and boys: No specific mention.
LGBTI: No specific mention.
Family: No specific mention.

State definition

Nature of state (general): No specific mention.
State configuration: No specific mention.
Self determination: No specific mention.
Referendum: No specific mention.
State symbols: No specific mention.
Independence/secession: No specific mention.
Accession/unification: No specific mention.
Border delimitation: No specific mention.
Cross-border provision: No specific mention.

Governance

Political institutions (new or reformed): No specific mention.
Elections: No specific mention.
Electoral commission: No specific mention.
Political parties reform: No specific mention.
Civil society: No specific mention.
Traditional/religious leaders: No specific mention.
Public administration: No specific mention.
Constitution: No specific mention.

Power sharing

Political power sharing: No specific mention.
Territorial power sharing: No specific mention.
Economic power sharing: No specific mention.
Military power sharing: No specific mention.

Human rights and equality

Human rights/RoL general: No specific mention.
Bill of rights/similar: No specific mention.
Treaty incorporation: No specific mention.
Civil and political rights: No specific mention.
Socio-economic rights: No specific mention.

Rights related issues

Citizenship: No specific mention.
Democracy: No specific mention.
Detention procedures: No specific mention.
Media and communication: No specific mention.
Mobility/access: No specific mention.
Protection measures: No specific mention.
Other: No specific mention.

Rights institutions

NHRI: No specific mention.
Regional or international human rights institutions: No specific mention.

Justice sector reform

Criminal justice and emergency law: No specific mention.
State of emergency provisions: No specific mention.
Judiciary and courts: No specific mention.
Prisons and detention: No specific mention.
Traditional Laws: No specific mention.

Socio-economic reconstruction

Development or socio-economic reconstruction: No specific mention.
National economic plan: No specific mention.
Natural resources: No specific mention.
International funds: No specific mention.
Business: No specific mention.
Taxation: No specific mention.
Banks: No specific mention.

Land, property and environment

Land reform/rights: No specific mention.
Pastoralist/nomadism rights: No specific mention.
Cultural heritage: No specific mention.
Environment: No specific mention.
Water or riparian rights or access: No specific mention.

Security sector

Security Guarantees: No specific mention.
Ceasefire: No specific mention.
Police: No specific mention.
Armed forces: No specific mention.
DDR: No specific mention.
Intelligence services: No specific mention.
Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces: No specific mention.
Withdrawal of foreign forces: No specific mention.
Corruption: No specific mention.
Crime/organised crime: No specific mention.
Drugs: No specific mention.
Terrorism: No specific mention.

Transitional justice

Transitional justice general: No specific mention.
Amnesty/pardon: No specific mention.
Courts: No specific mention.
Mechanism: No specific mention.
Prisoner release: No specific mention.
Vetting: No specific mention.
Victims: No specific mention.
Missing persons: No specific mention.
Reparations: No specific mention.
Reconciliation: No specific mention.

Implementation

UN signatory: No specific mention.
Other international signatory: No specific mention.
Referendum for agreement: No specific mention.
International mission/force/similar: 1.3. The MAPP/OAS will establish teams to carry out the work of follow-up, monitoring, and verification of commitments for pilot actions in the municipalities of Acandí, Belén de Bajirá, Riosucio, and Unguía (Chocó);
2. The MAPP/OAS will establish teams to carry out the work of following up, monitoring, and verifying the commitments arising from the creation and operation of the Temporary Location Zones (ZUT) in the documents and protocols signed for the location of the members of the (a)EGC.
In carrying out its duties, the MAPP/OAS shall be present on the ground and conduct field visits;
have continuous access to the ZUTs;
and design mechanisms and methodologies for receiving information and documentation on incidents of possible non-compliance.
The mandate and tasks of the MAPP/OAS will include the aspects agreed upon in new protocols of the peace process.
3. The Government of the Republic of Colombia will continue to carry out the necessary actions to provide financial, technical, academic, and logistical support required for the operation of the follow-up, monitoring, and verification activities entrusted to the MAPP/OAS.
Enforcement mechanism: 1. A tripartite mechanism for follow-up, monitoring and verification (Mechanism) will be established.
The Group of Mediating Countries may participate in the meetings of the mechanism, upon invitation within the framework of the socio-legal process.
1.1. The Mechanism will have a national body and local bodies composed as follows:
one representative from the MAPP/OAS, one representative from the Government of the Republic of Colombia, and one representative from the (a)EGC.
The body will adopt its decisions by consensus.
Each member with a right to speak and vote may have a technical support team.
1.2. The mandate of the Tripartite Mechanism for follow-up, monitoring and verification aims to:
i) report and prevent incidents;
(ii) to collect, classify, verify, evaluate and assess any event that may be considered a possible incident that violates the Declaration or the Doha Peace Commitments, as well as this protocol and the protocols for the implementation and operation of the ZUTs;
(iii) to issue the corresponding opinions and diagnoses.
To this end, the Mechanism's bodies shall:
(i) monitor compliance with the commitments entered into;
(ii) serve as a dispute resolution body;
(iii) record incidents;
(iv) propose solutions and corrective measures, where appropriate, to any disputes that may arise.
For its part, the MAPP/OAS shall issue bimonthly reports to the working groups of the Government and the (a)EGC, as well as to the Group of Mediating Countries in the socio-legal process, and shall make any observations and/or recommendations that may be appropriate in accordance with the reports.
The MAPP/OAS may also accompany the movements of (a)EGC members in the performance of their duties related to the socio-legal process.
The members of the national and local bodies shall be appointed before 16 January 2026.
The national body shall define the manual for the functioning and operation of the Mechanism's bodies.
(i) the follow-up, monitoring and verification function will be neutral, independent and in good faith;
(ii) the civilian population will have secure channels of communication and observation for their participation;
(iii) inter-institutional coordination requires effective integration between national, local and international actors;
iv) the confidentiality and privacy of information provided to members of the Mechanism and the Socio-Legal Conversation Space;
v) all information will be recorded and shared transparently;
and vi) peaceful dispute resolution will always be promoted.
1.3. The MAPP/OAS will establish teams to carry out the work of follow-up, monitoring, and verification of commitments for pilot actions in the municipalities of Acandí, Belén de Bajirá, Riosucio, and Unguía (Chocó);
Tierralta, San José de Uré, Ayapel, Montelíbano, and Puerto Libertador (Córdoba);
Mutatá, Nechi, El Bagre, and Cáceres (Antioquia);
and Carmen de Bolívar and San Jacinto (Bolívar) on the following matters:
a) Establishment and operation of the Municipal Working Groups defined in the Doha Declaration.
b) No recruitment, use or utilisation of children and adolescents (NNA) under the age of 18.
c) Situation of schooling deficit and access to health care for NNA
d) Adoption of measures for the prevention of suicide among NNA.
e) Situation of physical and/or sexual violence against NNA.
f) Situation regarding the presence of gangs that affect the development of safe environments for NNA.
g) Situation of safe environments, including the distribution of psychoactive substances near schools and places of education or recreation for NNA.
h) Development of a pilot programme on education for the total substitution of crops used for illicit purposes.
i) Situation of extortion in the context of the armed conflict.
j) Situation of the adoption and implementation of a national programme to address migration, including reverse migration, in the corresponding municipalities.
k) Situation of the implementation of measures to protect watersheds, illegal logging, wildlife, impacts of mining and expansion of the agricultural frontier.
l) Promotional and educational activities on the use of alternative dispute resolution mechanisms within the framework of the law, as well as the functioning of justice centres.
m) Situation of the work of social and community development promoters, in accordance with the law
n) Activities to raise awareness, disseminate information, provide training and educate authorities and other residents of the municipalities on the National Code of Coexistence and Citizen Security.
o) Implementation of the internal education strategy on the National Code of Coexistence and Citizen Security within the (a)EGC
p) Commitment to respect and not interfere with electoral peace in the development of national and territorial electoral political processes by the (a)EGC.
q) Commitment to develop educational campaigns within the (a)EGC to promote respect for free elections.
r) Commitment to respect and not interfere in the work of the civil authorities of the State for the benefit of the civilian population.
s) Commitment not to interfere in the Comprehensive Action against Anti-Personnel Mines.
t) Situation regarding compliance with the principles of distinction, humanity, proportionality and precaution under International Humanitarian Law and respect for International Human Rights Law by the State and by the (a)EGC in the territories where the (a)EGC is present.
u) Refraining from acts of perfidy, as defined in International Humanitarian Law, by both the State and the (a)EGC.
2. The MAPP/OAS will establish teams to carry out the work of following up, monitoring, and verifying the commitments arising from the creation and operation of the Temporary Location Zones (ZUT) in the documents and protocols signed for the location of the members of the (a)EGC.
and design mechanisms and methodologies for receiving information and documentation on incidents of possible non-compliance.
3. The Government of the Republic of Colombia will continue to carry out the necessary actions to provide financial, technical, academic, and logistical support required for the operation of the follow-up, monitoring, and verification activities entrusted to the MAPP/OAS.

PROTOCOL FOR THE FOLLOW-UP, MONITORING AND VERIFICATION OF THE PEACE COMMITMENTS IN DOHA

The present protocol establishes the measures for the functioning of the tasks of follow-up, monitoring, and verification of the peace commitments that we have agreed upon within the framework of the socio-legal process:

1. A tripartite mechanism for follow-up, monitoring and verification (Mechanism) will be established.

The Group of Mediating Countries may participate in the meetings of the mechanism, upon invitation within the framework of the socio-legal process.

1.1. The Mechanism will have a national body and local bodies composed as follows:

one representative from the MAPP/OAS, one representative from the Government of the Republic of Colombia, and one representative from the (a)EGC.

The body will adopt its decisions by consensus.

Each member with a right to speak and vote may have a technical support team.

1.2. The mandate of the Tripartite Mechanism for follow-up, monitoring and verification aims to:

i) report and prevent incidents;

(ii) to collect, classify, verify, evaluate and assess any event that may be considered a possible incident that violates the Declaration or the Doha Peace Commitments, as well as this protocol and the protocols for the implementation and operation of the ZUTs;

(iii) to issue the corresponding opinions and diagnoses.

To this end, the Mechanism's bodies shall:

(i) monitor compliance with the commitments entered into;

(ii) serve as a dispute resolution body;

(iii) record incidents;

(iv) propose solutions and corrective measures, where appropriate, to any disputes that may arise.

For its part, the MAPP/OAS shall issue bimonthly reports to the working groups of the Government and the (a)EGC, as well as to the Group of Mediating Countries in the socio-legal process, and shall make any observations and/or recommendations that may be appropriate in accordance with the reports.

The MAPP/OAS may also accompany the movements of (a)EGC members in the performance of their duties related to the socio-legal process.

The members of the national and local bodies shall be appointed before 16 January 2026.

The national body shall define the manual for the functioning and operation of the Mechanism's bodies.

In its work, the Mechanism will adhere to the following principles:

(i) the follow-up, monitoring and verification function will be neutral, independent and in good faith;

(ii) the civilian population will have secure channels of communication and observation for their participation;

(iii) inter-institutional coordination requires effective integration between national, local and international actors;

iv) the confidentiality and privacy of information provided to members of the Mechanism and the Socio-Legal Conversation Space;

v) all information will be recorded and shared transparently;

and vi) peaceful dispute resolution will always be promoted.

1.3. The MAPP/OAS will establish teams to carry out the work of follow-up, monitoring, and verification of commitments for pilot actions in the municipalities of Acandí, Belén de Bajirá, Riosucio, and Unguía (Chocó);

Tierralta, San José de Uré, Ayapel, Montelíbano, and Puerto Libertador (Córdoba);

Mutatá, Nechi, El Bagre, and Cáceres (Antioquia);

and Carmen de Bolívar and San Jacinto (Bolívar) on the following matters:

a) Establishment and operation of the Municipal Working Groups defined in the Doha Declaration.

b) No recruitment, use or utilisation of children and adolescents (NNA) under the age of 18.

c) Situation of schooling deficit and access to health care for NNA

d) Adoption of measures for the prevention of suicide among NNA.

e) Situation of physical and/or sexual violence against NNA.

f) Situation regarding the presence of gangs that affect the development of safe environments for NNA.

g) Situation of safe environments, including the distribution of psychoactive substances near schools and places of education or recreation for NNA.

h) Development of a pilot programme on education for the total substitution of crops used for illicit purposes.

i) Situation of extortion in the context of the armed conflict.

j) Situation of the adoption and implementation of a national programme to address migration, including reverse migration, in the corresponding municipalities.

k) Situation of the implementation of measures to protect watersheds, illegal logging, wildlife, impacts of mining and expansion of the agricultural frontier.

l) Promotional and educational activities on the use of alternative dispute resolution mechanisms within the framework of the law, as well as the functioning of justice centres.

m) Situation of the work of social and community development promoters, in accordance with the law

n) Activities to raise awareness, disseminate information, provide training and educate authorities and other residents of the municipalities on the National Code of Coexistence and Citizen Security.

o) Implementation of the internal education strategy on the National Code of Coexistence and Citizen Security within the (a)EGC

Additionally, at the national level, the work of following up, monitoring, and verifying the following activities will be carried out:

p) Commitment to respect and not interfere with electoral peace in the development of national and territorial electoral political processes by the (a)EGC.

q) Commitment to develop educational campaigns within the (a)EGC to promote respect for free elections.

r) Commitment to respect and not interfere in the work of the civil authorities of the State for the benefit of the civilian population.

s) Commitment not to interfere in the Comprehensive Action against Anti-Personnel Mines.

t) Situation regarding compliance with the principles of distinction, humanity, proportionality and precaution under International Humanitarian Law and respect for International Human Rights Law by the State and by the (a)EGC in the territories where the (a)EGC is present.

u) Refraining from acts of perfidy, as defined in International Humanitarian Law, by both the State and the (a)EGC.

2. The MAPP/OAS will establish teams to carry out the work of following up, monitoring, and verifying the commitments arising from the creation and operation of the Temporary Location Zones (ZUT) in the documents and protocols signed for the location of the members of the (a)EGC.

In carrying out its duties, the MAPP/OAS shall be present on the ground and conduct field visits;

have continuous access to the ZUTs;

and design mechanisms and methodologies for receiving information and documentation on incidents of possible non-compliance.

The mandate and tasks of the MAPP/OAS will include the aspects agreed upon in new protocols of the peace process.

3. The Government of the Republic of Colombia will continue to carry out the necessary actions to provide financial, technical, academic, and logistical support required for the operation of the follow-up, monitoring, and verification activities entrusted to the MAPP/OAS.

Signed:

Government of the Republic of Colombia

On Behalf of the Joint General Staff of the (a)EGC

Álvaro Jiménez Millán

Luis Armando Pérez Castañeda

Agueda Plata Gómez

Non-EGC spokespersons:

Armando Custodio Wouriyu Valbuena

Jovany de Jesus Marín Zapata

OCCP Technical Team:

Abimael Coneo Martinez

Giorgio Londoño Medina

Wilton Martínez Blandón

Observer National Attorney General's Office:

Nestor Iván Osuna Patiño

Deputy Ombudsman for Human Rights

Alfonso Mauledoux Varón

Lawyers not belonging to the EGC

Public Force Observers

Ricardo Andrés Giraldo Cifuentes

The following participated as observers:

Captain Marion Fernando Cabrera (Armed Forces Observer), Lieutenant Colonel Camilo Andrés Medina (National Police Observer).

Enrique del Río González