Interactive timeline of peace or transition agreements, coup d’états, amnesties, elections and constitutional events since 1990.

Myanmar: Timeline of Institutional Change

Peace Agreements, Local Agreements, Constitutional Events, Amnesties, Elections and Coup d'etats in Myanmar since 1990.

Election: Legislative/Parliamentary (Myanmar (Burma), May 1990)

May 27, 1990

Legislative/Parliamentary elections were held in Myanmar (Burma) on 27 May. There were no international monitors present at these elections. The incumbent party lost the election. There were protests/riots held in Myanmar (Burma) related to the elections. The NELDA ID for this election is 775-1990-0527-L1 which can provide more information about this event through the full dataset, accessible from their website.

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Military Coup: Myanmar 1992

April 23, 1992

In Myanmar in April 1992, there was a military coup held. This was a successful reshuffling coup. The post-coup fate for the perpetrator was ok. The colpus ID for this coup d’etat is: 775-1992-4-23, which can be used to find the event within the Colpus dataset.

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New Constitution: Myanmar 2008

May 29, 2008

In 2008 a new constitution was introduced in Myanmar. The constitution was drafted by a national convention and approved in a referendum. This constitution details the way in which the constitution can be formally amended, however it holds some provisions that are expressed as unamendable. Additionally, the constitution includes transitional provisions that guide the transition from the previous system to the new, current constitutional order.

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Election: Legislative/Parliamentary (Myanmar (Burma), November 2010)

November 7, 2010

Legislative/Parliamentary elections were held in Myanmar (Burma) on 07 November. There were no international monitors present at these elections. The incumbent leader Than Shwe remained in power after this election. The NELDA ID for this election is 775-2010-1107-L1 which can provide more information about this event through the full dataset, accessible from their website.

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Ceasefire Agreement: National Democratic Alliance Army (NDAA) Agreed Terms

September 7, 2011

In September 2011 an intrastate agreement was signed, in Myanmar, at the ceasefire stage of the Myanmar ceasefires process with ethnic armed groups. A list of proposed and agreed upon terms for the Myanmar peace process.

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Ceasefire Agreement: Kalo Htoo Baw (DKBA-5), Government State-level Peace Agreement

November 3, 2011

In November 2011 an intrastate agreement was signed, in Myanmar, at the ceasefire stage of the Myanmar ceasefires process with ethnic armed groups. Agreement is a short ceasefire agreement.

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Ceasefire Agreement: Shan State Army-South (SSA-S), Government Ceasefire Agreement

December 2, 2011

In December 2011 an intrastate agreement was signed, in Myanmar, at the ceasefire stage of the Myanmar ceasefires process with ethnic armed groups. Ceasefire agreement that sets out process of continuing talks.

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Ceasefire Agreement: Kalo Htoo Baw (DKBA-5), Government Union-level Peace Agreements

December 11, 2011

In December 2011 an intrastate agreement was signed, in Myanmar, at the ceasefire stage of the Myanmar ceasefires process with ethnic armed groups. Short agreement reaffirming the nature of the Myanmar state and outlining broad development goals in order to facilitate reconciliation.

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Pre-negotiation Agreement: Agreement between “Wa” Special Region and the Government

December 26, 2011

In December 2011 an intrastate agreement was signed, in Myanmar, at the pre-negotiation stage of the Myanmar ceasefires process with ethnic armed groups. Agreement to continue implementing previously signed agreements, to continue negotiations, and to cooperate in specific areas.

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Pre-negotiation Agreement: National Democratic Alliance Army (NDAA), Government 6-Point Union-Level Peace Agreement

December 27, 2011

In December 2011 an intrastate agreement was signed, in Myanmar, at the pre-negotiation stage of the Myanmar ceasefires process with ethnic armed groups. Short agreement stipulating increased development for specific groups including youth and ethnic groups as well as increased representation.

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Pre-negotiation Agreement: Agreement between the Government and the Mongla Armed Group

December 29, 2011

In December 2011 an intrastate agreement was signed, in Myanmar, at the pre-negotiation stage of the Myanmar ceasefires process with ethnic armed groups. Agreement to continue implementing previously signed agreements, to continue negotiations, and to cooperate in specific areas.

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Framework-substantive, partial Agreement: Chin National Front (CNF) and Government 9-point State-level Peace Agreement

January 6, 2012

In January 2012 an intrastate agreement was signed, in Myanmar, at the framework-substantive, partial stage of the Myanmar ceasefires process with ethnic armed groups. Ceasefire agreement aimed at achieving a permanent peace across the Union of Myanmar, defining areas of cooperation and setting forth a road map for future talks.

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Amnesty: Myanmar 2012

January 12, 2012

An amnesty was introduced in Myanmar in 2012. There was no legislation introduced with the amnesty. It was introduced by: President Thein Sein For more details, visit the ACPA database page for Myanmar 2012 Amnesty.

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Ceasefire Agreement: Statement on Initial Agreement between the Karen National Union (KNU) and Burmese Government

January 13, 2012

In January 2012 an intrastate agreement was signed, in Myanmar, at the ceasefire stage of the Myanmar ceasefires process with ethnic armed groups. Short 1-page agreement outlines the 11 points of the KNU, including the establishment of a ceasefire, a guarantee of Human rights, the need for trust, the need for basic development, the need for involvement of the national media in the peace process, the end of forced labour, exploitation and other crimes against villagers, and so forth.

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Ceasefire Agreement: Shan State Army-South (SSA-S), Government 11-Point Peace Agreement

January 16, 2012

In January 2012 an intrastate agreement was signed, in Myanmar, at the ceasefire stage of the Myanmar ceasefires process with ethnic armed groups. Short agreement outlining areas of cooperation and communication between the RCSS/SSA and the government as well as provisions for a ceasefire.

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Ceasefire Agreement: Shan State Progress Party (SSPP)/Shan State Army-North (SSAN), Government Preliminary Peace and 5-Point Peace Agreement

January 28, 2012

In January 2012 an intrastate agreement was signed, in Myanmar, at the ceasefire stage of the Myanmar ceasefires process with ethnic armed groups.

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Pre-negotiation Agreement: Agreement between the Union Level Peace-Making Team and the Shan State Progressive Party (SSPP)/Shan State Army (SSA)

January 28, 2012

In January 2012 an intrastate agreement was signed, in Myanmar, at the pre-negotiation stage of the Myanmar ceasefires process with ethnic armed groups. Agreement approving the Shan-state level ceasefire and committing to continued negotations and cooperation.

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Ceasefire Agreement: New Mon State Party (NMSP) Government 5-point State-level Peace Agreement between Mon State Level Peace-Making Group

February 1, 2012

In February 2012 an intrastate agreement was signed, in Myanmar, at the ceasefire stage of the Myanmar ceasefires process with ethnic armed groups. Ceasefire agreement defining terms for future peace negotiations.

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Pre-negotiation Agreement: Agreement between the State-Level Peace-Making Team and the Karen National Union (KNU)/Karen National Liberation Army (KNLA) Peace Council

February 7, 2012

In February 2012 an intrastate agreement was signed, in Myanmar, at the pre-negotiation stage of the Myanmar ceasefires process with ethnic armed groups. Agreement to continue existing peace process, setting forth terms for future negotiations and action to be taken following a preliminary peace agreement.

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Ceasefire Agreement: New Mon State Party (NMSP), Government 4-Point Union-Level Peace Agreement

February 25, 2012

In February 2012 an intrastate agreement was signed, in Myanmar, at the ceasefire stage of the Myanmar ceasefires process with ethnic armed groups. Short ceasefire agreement with clauses aimed at continuing the peace process.

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Ceasefire Agreement: Rakhine State Liberation Party (RSLP) and State Government Peace-Making Group 5-point State-level Agreement

April 5, 2012

In April 2012 an intrastate agreement was signed, in Myanmar, at the ceasefire stage of the Myanmar ceasefires process with ethnic armed groups. Agreement setting forth terms of a ceasefire and providing for future peace negotiations.

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Ceasefire Agreement: KLUU Press Release on 1st Meeting Between (Karen National Union) KNU Delegation and Union-Level Peace Delegation

April 7, 2012

In April 2012 an intrastate agreement was signed, in Myanmar, at the ceasefire stage of the Myanmar ceasefires process with ethnic armed groups. Short agreement outlining ceasefire provisions.

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Ceasefire Agreement: Nationalist Socialist Council of Nagaland-Khaplang (NSCN-K), Government State-Level Peace Agreement

April 9, 2012

In April 2012 an intrastate agreement was signed, in Myanmar, at the ceasefire stage of the Myanmar ceasefires process with ethnic armed groups. Short agreement outlining ceasefire provisions and continued negotiations.

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Ceasefire Agreement: Chin National Front (CNF), Government Ceasefire Agreement

May 7, 2012

In May 2012 an intrastate agreement was signed, in Myanmar, at the ceasefire stage of the Myanmar ceasefires process with ethnic armed groups.

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Ceasefire Agreement: Shan State Army-South (SSA-S), Government 12-Point Peace Agreement

May 19, 2012

In May 2012 an intrastate agreement was signed, in Myanmar, at the ceasefire stage of the Myanmar ceasefires process with ethnic armed groups. Short agreement outlining ceasefire provisions in addition to other confidence building measures and commitments to continue negotiations.

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Ceasefire Agreement: State-level Ceasefire Agreement between Pa-Oh National Organization (PNLO) and Government

August 25, 2012

In August 2012 an intrastate agreement was signed, in Myanmar, at the ceasefire stage of the Myanmar ceasefires process with ethnic armed groups. One page ceasefire agreement, agreeing to maintain troops at current location, not carry arms outside of agreed areas, and establish liason offices with representatives to carry on talks.

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Framework-substantive, partial Agreement: Shan State Army-South (SSA-S), Government, UNOFC Tripartite agreement

October 28, 2012

In October 2012 an intrastate agreement was signed, in Myanmar, at the framework-substantive, partial stage of the Myanmar ceasefires process with ethnic armed groups. A tripartite agreement between the Shan State Army-South (SSA-S), the UN Office of Drugs and Crimes (UNODC), and the State Central Committee for Drug Abuse Control (CDAC), providing for a pilot crop substitution project.

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Framework-substantive, partial Agreement: Agreement Between the Chin National Front (CNF) and Union-Level Peace Working Committee at the 2nd Round of Peace Talks

December 9, 2012

In December 2012 an intrastate agreement was signed, in Myanmar, at the framework-substantive, partial stage of the Myanmar ceasefires process with ethnic armed groups. A short agreement between the Chin National Front and the Union-level peace working committee. The agreement covers provisions for Chin self-determination, reconciliation and human rights, military arrangements, and development issues.

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Ceasefire Agreement: United Wa State Army (UWSA), Government 6-Point Union-Level Peace Agreement

December 26, 2012

In December 2012 an intrastate agreement was signed, in Myanmar, at the ceasefire stage of the Myanmar ceasefires process with ethnic armed groups. Six point ceasefire agreement which includes provisions regarding socio-economic development and improvement of living standards for national people in the “Wa” Special Region (2), and inclusion of representatives of townships in the Hluttaw of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar.

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Ceasefire Agreement: Union-level agreement between Pa-Oh National Organization (PNLO) and Union Peacemaking Working Committee (UPWC)

March 23, 2013

In March 2013 an intrastate agreement was signed, in Myanmar, at the ceasefire stage of the Myanmar ceasefires process with ethnic armed groups. Ceasefire agreement with other clauses pertaining to the distribution of national identity cards, development projects, and a continuation of political talks.

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Amnesty: Myanmar 2013 (Apr)

April 23, 2013

An amnesty was introduced in Myanmar in 2013. There was no legislation introduced with the amnesty. It was introduced by: President Thein Sein For more details, visit the ACPA database page for Myanmar 2013 (Apr) Amnesty.

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Ceasefire Agreement: 7-points Agreement between Myanmar government and Kachin Independence Organization (KIO)

May 30, 2013

In May 2013 an intrastate agreement was signed, in Myanmar, at the ceasefire stage of the Myanmar ceasefires process with ethnic armed groups. Short agreement, outlining ceasefire provisions and de-escalation as well as committing to future talks.

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Ceasefire Agreement: 8-Point Agreement between the Union Peacemaking Working Committee (UPWC) and Karenni National Progressive Party (KNPP)

June 20, 2013

In June 2013 an intrastate agreement was signed, in Myanmar, at the ceasefire stage of the Myanmar ceasefires process with ethnic armed groups. Agreement outlines ceasefire provisions, in addition to clauses on development and security.

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Pre-negotiation Agreement: 12-Point Agreement of Union Peace-making work committee and the All Burma Students' Democratic Front (ABSDF) Union-level Peace Talks

August 10, 2013

In August 2013 an intrastate agreement was signed, in Myanmar, at the pre-negotiation stage of the Myanmar ceasefires process with ethnic armed groups. Short ceasefire agreement agreeing to Nationwide Ceasefire, forming an independent monitoring team, to carry on discussions for the purposes of inclusion and removing ABSDF members from the blacklist, to have the right to liase with NGOs, and engage with news agencies, among other aspects.

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Ceasefire Agreement: 11-Point Common Position of Ethnic Resistance Organizations on Nationwide Ceasefire (Laiza Agreement)

November 2, 2013

In November 2013 an intrastate agreement was signed, in Myanmar, at the ceasefire stage of the Myanmar ceasefires process with ethnic armed groups. A set of principles for a ceasefire signed between armed groups, including basic principles, objectives, forming a political roadmap, aspects to be included in the National Ceasefire Accord, aspects related to implementation, CMBs, and items to be discussed.

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Amnesty: Myanmar 2013 (Dec)

December 30, 2013

An amnesty was introduced in Myanmar in 2013. Legislation was introduced with this amnesty, namely: Order No. 51/2013 (30 December 2013), introduced by: President Thein Sein. For more details, visit the ACPA database page for Myanmar 2013 (Dec) Amnesty.

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Pre-negotiation Agreement: Deed of Commitment for Peace and National Reconciliation

February 12, 2015

In February 2015 an intrastate agreement was signed, in Myanmar, at the pre-negotiation stage of the Myanmar ceasefires process with ethnic armed groups. Document calls for a signing of the Nationwide Ceasefire Agreement drafted August 2014 and represents the first name-to-paper agreement by President U Then Sein. Call goes on to call for a draft of the Framework for Political Dialogue pior to elections.

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Amendment to Myanmar 2008 Constitution (rev. 2015)

May 29, 2015

In 2015 there was amendments made to the 2008 Constitution. The constitution was drafted by a national convention and approved in a referendum.

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Framework-substantive, partial Agreement: Code of Conduct for political parties and candidates

June 26, 2015

In June 2015 an intrastate agreement was signed, in Myanmar, at the framework-substantive, partial stage of the Myanmar ceasefires process with ethnic armed groups. Agreement between political parties designed to maintain a level of ethnical behaviour and prevent the stoking of further conflict. Includes disavowing the use of media for libel or targeting of personalities and parties on personal grounds; a greater participation of women; equality and neutrality of religious groups, and cooperation with electoral bodies.

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Ceasefire Agreement: The Nationwide Ceasefire Agreement (NCA) between The Government of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar and the Ethnic Armed Organizations (EAO)

October 15, 2015

In October 2015 an intrastate agreement was signed, in Myanmar, at the ceasefire stage of the Myanmar ceasefires process with ethnic armed groups. This agreement was largely agreed by March 2015, but signature was only reached in the run-up to the Myanmar elections in October 2015. At that point, only seven of the wider group of Ethnic Armed Organisations involved in the drafting of the text signed. We have included as an appendix, decisions referred to in Article 30 of the Agreement, which were formally agreed but which were not made public with the agreement by the Myanmar goverment, but have been made public by the Ethnic armed organisations.

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Pre-negotiation Agreement: The Framework for Political Dialogue

October 15, 2015

In October 2015 an intrastate agreement was signed, in Myanmar, at the pre-negotiation stage of the Myanmar 21st Century Panglong Process . This Agreement - which remains subject to amendment, lays out the provisions for a national dialogue which will create the clauses that will eventually become the Pyidaungsu Accord.

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Ceasefire Agreement: Joint Monitoring Committee guideline for Each Level (Draft)

October 15, 2015

In October 2015 an intrastate agreement was signed, in Myanmar, at the ceasefire stage of the Myanmar ceasefires process with ethnic armed groups. Agreement establishes a Joint Monitoring Commission on the Union, State and Local levels, consisting of representatives from both the government and Armed Ethnic Organisations, in addition to civilians. Agreement outlines structure, protocol and jurisdiction of JMCs.

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Election: Legislative/Parliamentary (Myanmar (Burma), November 2015)

November 8, 2015

Legislative/Parliamentary elections were held in Myanmar (Burma) on 08 November. International monitors were present at these elections. The incumbent party lost the election - the new leader in power was Htin Kyaw, replacing the previous leader Thein Sein. NELDA notes on this election includes: These elections were the first the NLD had participated in since 1990. The NELDA ID for this election is 775-2015-1108-L1 which can provide more information about this event through the full dataset, accessible from their website.

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Ceasefire Agreement: Military Code of Conduct between the Government of Burma and Ethnic Armed Organisations (EAO) in Accordance with the National Ceasefire Agreement (NCA)

November 18, 2015

In November 2015 an intrastate agreement was signed, in Myanmar, at the ceasefire stage of the Myanmar ceasefires process with ethnic armed groups. Agreement affirming commitment to the National Ceasefire Agreement and affirming the parametres of conduct between government and Ethnic Armed Organisation groups.

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Framework-substantive, partial Agreement: Union Accord Part I (Pyidaungsu Accord)

May 29, 2017

In May 2017 an intrastate agreement was signed, in Myanmar, at the framework-substantive, partial stage of the Myanmar 21st Century Panglong Process . This agreement was reached as part of the 21st Century Panglong Conference. It sets out broad principles for institutional arrangement of Myanmar: federalism, democracy, and sharing of competences in economic development. The agreement also puts forward principles of equality and non-discrimination, and affirms gender equality in land ownership and management.

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Framework-substantive, partial Agreement: Union Accord Part II (Pyidaungsu Accord)

July 16, 2018

In July 2018 an intrastate agreement was signed, in Myanmar, at the framework-substantive, partial stage of the Myanmar 21st Century Panglong Process . This agreement is the outcome of the sessions of the 21st Century Panglong conference, which was set up to develop the peace process with the ethnic armed organisations in Myanmar. The conference was intended as all-inclusive but did not include all armed organisations. The negotiating sides for this agreement thus do not encompass the entire conflict system in Myanmar. The agreement itself is quite general, with commitments to democracy, federalism, and inclusion. Importantly, the agreement sets a goal of 30% representation of women in important sectors, and sets a commitment to prevent gender-based violence and to support gender equality. The principles of equality and inclusion are extended to issues of socio-economic development, with a focus on age equality, children's rights. The agreement also limits land ownership to citizens only.

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Framework-substantive, partial Agreement: Union Accord Part III (Pyidaungsu Accord)

August 21, 2020

In August 2020 an intrastate agreement was signed, in Myanmar, at the framework-substantive, partial stage of the Myanmar 21st Century Panglong Process . This agreement between the government, the military, and ethnic armed organisations sets core principles which the implementation of the National Ceasefire Agreement is to follow, including: democracy, federalism, cultural, religious, and language rights of ethnic groups.

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Election: Legislative/Parliamentary (Myanmar (Burma), November 2020)

November 8, 2020

Legislative/Parliamentary elections were held in Myanmar (Burma) on 08 November. International monitors were present at these elections. The incumbent party remained in power, but Myint Swe replaced U Win Myint as the leader. NELDA notes on this election includes: These elections were highly criticized for the disenfranchisement of voters from ethnic minority communities and for the repression of critical news sources. Election observers, however, noted no fraud and an open campaign environment within the communities able to participate. The election results were overturned by a military coup on February 1st 2021 a few days prior to the first seating of Parliament. The NELDA ID for this election is 775-2020-1108-L1 which can provide more information about this event through the full dataset, accessible from their website.

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Military Coup: Myanmar 2021

February 1, 2021

In Myanmar in February 2021, there was a military coup held. This was a successful regime change coup. The colpus ID for this coup d’etat is: 775-2021-2-1, which can be used to find the event within the Colpus dataset.

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Election: Legislative/Parliamentary (Myanmar (Burma), May 1990)

Military Coup: Myanmar 1992

New Constitution: Myanmar 2008

Election: Legislative/Parliamentary (Myanmar (Burma), November 2010)

Ceasefire Agreement: National Democratic Alliance Army (NDAA) Agreed Terms

Ceasefire Agreement: Kalo Htoo Baw (DKBA-5), Government State-level Peace Agreement

Ceasefire Agreement: Shan State Army-South (SSA-S), Government Ceasefire Agreement

Ceasefire Agreement: Kalo Htoo Baw (DKBA-5), Government Union-level Peace Agreements

Pre-negotiation Agreement: Agreement between “Wa” Special Region and the Government

Pre-negotiation Agreement: National Democratic Alliance Army (NDAA), Government 6-Point Union-Level Peace Agreement

Pre-negotiation Agreement: Agreement between the Government and the Mongla Armed Group

Framework-substantive, partial Agreement: Chin National Front (CNF) and Government 9-point State-level Peace Agreement

Amnesty: Myanmar 2012

Ceasefire Agreement: Statement on Initial Agreement between the Karen National Union (KNU) and Burmese Government

Ceasefire Agreement: Shan State Army-South (SSA-S), Government 11-Point Peace Agreement

Ceasefire Agreement: Shan State Progress Party (SSPP)/Shan State Army-North (SSAN), Government Preliminary Peace and 5-Point Peace Agreement

Pre-negotiation Agreement: Agreement between the Union Level Peace-Making Team and the Shan State Progressive Party (SSPP)/Shan State Army (SSA)

Ceasefire Agreement: New Mon State Party (NMSP) Government 5-point State-level Peace Agreement between Mon State Level Peace-Making Group

Pre-negotiation Agreement: Agreement between the State-Level Peace-Making Team and the Karen National Union (KNU)/Karen National Liberation Army (KNLA) Peace Council

Ceasefire Agreement: New Mon State Party (NMSP), Government 4-Point Union-Level Peace Agreement

Ceasefire Agreement: Rakhine State Liberation Party (RSLP) and State Government Peace-Making Group 5-point State-level Agreement

Ceasefire Agreement: KLUU Press Release on 1st Meeting Between (Karen National Union) KNU Delegation and Union-Level Peace Delegation

Ceasefire Agreement: Nationalist Socialist Council of Nagaland-Khaplang (NSCN-K), Government State-Level Peace Agreement

Ceasefire Agreement: Chin National Front (CNF), Government Ceasefire Agreement

Ceasefire Agreement: Shan State Army-South (SSA-S), Government 12-Point Peace Agreement

Ceasefire Agreement: State-level Ceasefire Agreement between Pa-Oh National Organization (PNLO) and Government

Framework-substantive, partial Agreement: Shan State Army-South (SSA-S), Government, UNOFC Tripartite agreement

Framework-substantive, partial Agreement: Agreement Between the Chin National Front (CNF) and Union-Level Peace Working Committee at the 2nd Round of Peace Talks

Ceasefire Agreement: United Wa State Army (UWSA), Government 6-Point Union-Level Peace Agreement

Ceasefire Agreement: Union-level agreement between Pa-Oh National Organization (PNLO) and Union Peacemaking Working Committee (UPWC)

Amnesty: Myanmar 2013 (Apr)

Ceasefire Agreement: 7-points Agreement between Myanmar government and Kachin Independence Organization (KIO)

Ceasefire Agreement: 8-Point Agreement between the Union Peacemaking Working Committee (UPWC) and Karenni National Progressive Party (KNPP)

Pre-negotiation Agreement: 12-Point Agreement of Union Peace-making work committee and the All Burma Students' Democratic Front (ABSDF) Union-level Peace Talks

Ceasefire Agreement: 11-Point Common Position of Ethnic Resistance Organizations on Nationwide Ceasefire (Laiza Agreement)

Amnesty: Myanmar 2013 (Dec)

Pre-negotiation Agreement: Deed of Commitment for Peace and National Reconciliation

Amendment to Myanmar 2008 Constitution (rev. 2015)

Framework-substantive, partial Agreement: Code of Conduct for political parties and candidates

Ceasefire Agreement: The Nationwide Ceasefire Agreement (NCA) between The Government of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar and the Ethnic Armed Organizations (EAO)

Pre-negotiation Agreement: The Framework for Political Dialogue

Ceasefire Agreement: Joint Monitoring Committee guideline for Each Level (Draft)

Election: Legislative/Parliamentary (Myanmar (Burma), November 2015)

Ceasefire Agreement: Military Code of Conduct between the Government of Burma and Ethnic Armed Organisations (EAO) in Accordance with the National Ceasefire Agreement (NCA)

Framework-substantive, partial Agreement: Union Accord Part I (Pyidaungsu Accord)

Framework-substantive, partial Agreement: Union Accord Part II (Pyidaungsu Accord)

Framework-substantive, partial Agreement: Union Accord Part III (Pyidaungsu Accord)

Election: Legislative/Parliamentary (Myanmar (Burma), November 2020)

Military Coup: Myanmar 2021

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Nov.
Dec.
Feb.
March
April
May
June
July
Aug.
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Feb.
March
April
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Elections
Coup d'etat
Constitution
Peace Agreement
Amnesty

Amnesties

3

Constitutions

2

Coups d'etat

2

Elections

4

Peace Agreements

38

  • Click on an event to view a brief description and links to relevant content. Use the arrows to navigate, or scroll along to later events. Zoom in or out using the buttons on the left toolbar, or use the arrows to skip to the first or last event on the timeline.
  • See our step-by-step user guide for navigating the timelines as a PDF Guide or in our YouTube playlist.
  • See the Frequently Asked Questions

The following data sources were used to develop these timelines:

Bell, C., & Badanjak, S. (2019). Introducing PA-X: A new peace agreement database and dataset. Journal of Peace Research, 56(3), 452-466. Available at https://www.peaceagreements.org/

Chin, J. J., Carter, D. B., & Wright, J. G. (2021). The Varieties of Coups D’état: Introducing the Colpus Dataset. International Studies Quarterly, 65(4), 1040-1051.

Elkins, Zachary and Tom Ginsburg. 2022 “Characteristics of National Constitutions, Version 4.0.” Comparative Constitutions Project. Last modified: October 24, 2022. Available at comparativeconstitutionsproject.org

The National Elections across Democracy and Autocracy (NELDA) dataset: Hyde, S. D., & Marinov, N. (2012). Which elections can be lost? Political analysis, 20(2), 191-210.

Mallinder, L., (2020), Amnesties, Conflict and Peace Agreement (ACPA) Dataset. Available at https://www.peaceagreements.org/amnesties/