Peace Agreements Database

Country/entity

South Sudan
Sudan

Region

Africa (excl MENA)

Agreement name

Agreement on the Border Monitoring Support Mission between the Government of the Sudan and the Government of South Sudan

Date

30/07/2011

Agreement status

Multiparty signed/agreed

Interim arrangement

No

Agreement/conflict level

Interstate/intrastate conflict(s) (Sudan Conflicts (1955 - )

Agreements relate to several distinct dyads, and also the negotiated independence of South Sudan, and subsequent internal conflict in South Sudan. Sudan-South Sudan. The long-standing conflict between the north and the south of the country dates back to colonial times, where the British introduced a so-called ‘Southern Policy’, severely hampering population movements between these big regions. Immediately after gaining independence in 1956, southern movements started to fight for independence; this fight became professionalised in 1983 with the foundation of the soon internationally supported Sudan People’s Liberation Army (SPLA). When the Islamic Front government introduced strict sharia laws in the south after it took over power in 1988 the war intensified. A decade later, the military situation reached a stalemate, enabling internationally facilitated peace negotiations to begin in 1997. After more fighting, a final negotiation push began in 2002, leading to the signing of the Comprehensive Peace Areement (CPA) in January 2005.

Sudan-South Sudan post referendum. South Sudan became independent in July 2011; since then, relations between the two countries are complicated and violent conflict led by the SPLM (North) in the Sudanese Nuba mountains region has since intensified.

Darfur. Other long-standing violent conflicts are in the east and the west of the country. In the east, the Beja Congress, established in 1957, is the spearhead of a currently ‘peaceful’ opposition movement. In the west, the violent conflict in Darfur intensified in the early 2000s and rapidly gained international attention, even resulting in genocide charges against leading figures of the Sudanese government. The situation on the ground is complex, with over a dozen organisations (most notably the Sudanese Liberation Movement and the Justice and Equality Movement) fighting the Sudanese government and allied groups like the Janjaweed – although all parties have switched sides on numerous occasions. Several mediation attempts have not been successful, due to the shaky commitment of the Sudanese central government and the distrust among the armed opposition.

South Sudan - internal
In December 2013, after president Salva Kiir accused opposition leader Riek Machar of attempting a coup, violent conflict broke out between government forces of the SPLM/A and anti-governmental groups. In addition, several other political militias as well as communal militias have joined the conflict. In 2015 the Agreement on the Resolution of the Conflict in South Sudan (ARCSS) was signed. Due to unsuccessful implementation the agreement was revitalized in 2018. In September 2019, Kiir and Machar agreed to establish a power-sharing government after struggles on forming a unity transitional government.

Sudan Conflicts (1955 - ) )

Stage

Implementation/renegotiation (Implementation modalities)

Conflict nature

Territory

Peace process

110: North - South Sudan secession process

Parties

Gen. Ismat Abdelrahman Zain Elabdeen, Government of the Sudan; H.E. Lt. Gen. Paul Mayom Akec, Government of South Sudan

Third parties

Witnessed by: Pierre Buyoya, African Union High Level Implementation Panel

Description

An agreement that provides for the establishment of mechanisms for agreed security arrangements regarding the border territory. Attached are three Annexes; Annex A provides for Tasks of the Support Border Monitoring Mission, Annex B provides for the Tasks of the Joint Border Verification Sectors (JBVMS) and Joint Border Verification Teams (JBVMTs), and Annex C provides for the Rules of Procedures for the Joint Political and Security Mechanism (JPSM).

Agreement document

SD_110730_Agreement on the Border Monitoring Support Mission between GoS and GoSS.pdf []

Groups

Children/youth

No specific mention.

Disabled persons

No specific mention.

Elderly/age

No specific mention.

Migrant workers

No specific mention.

Racial/ethnic/national group

No specific mention.

Religious groups

No specific mention.

Indigenous people

No specific mention.

Other groups

No specific mention.

Refugees/displaced persons

No specific mention.

Social class

No specific mention.

Gender

Women, girls and gender

No specific mention.

Men and boys

No specific mention.

LGBTI

No specific mention.

Family

No specific mention.

State definition

State definition

Border delimitation

Page 2, Agreement on the Border Monitoring Support Mission between the Government of the Sudan and the Government of South Sudan
3. The Parties agree that the area of responsibility (AOR) for the JBVMM shall correspond to the SDBZ. The centre line for the SDBZ shall be the 1/1/56 borderline except for the agreed disputed areas. Pending the final resolution of the disputed areas, the administrative common borderline, as reflected in the map produced and signed by the Technical Boundary Demarcation Committee before the first meeting of the JPSM and shall be used as the sole reference. This map shall be attached to the consolidated document referred to in Paragraph 1 (ii) for their operation.

Page 5, Annex A - Tasks of Border Monitoring Support Mission
10. The JBVMM shall maintain necessary chart geographical and mapping references, which once agreed to the border between the two states, shall be used for the purpose of monitoring of the implementation in accordance with Paragraph 2 of the Agreement on Border Security and the Joint Political and Security Mechanism of 29 June 2011;
11. Assist, facilitate and help to protect the demarcation teams within the SDBZ as requested by the JPSM;

Page 10, Annex C - Rules of Procedure for the JPSM
4. Coordinating Instructions:
4.3 Border Demarcation: The JPSM will facilitate the work of the commission for demarcation of the border between the two sovereign states.

Cross-border provision

Page 3, Agreement on the Border Monitoring Support Mission between the Government of the Sudan and the Government of South Sudan
11. The SDBZ and associated border management mechanisms are measures necessary until normal relationships prevail between the two sovereign States. Thus the JPSM shall review the necessity of these measures every six months with a view to making recommendations to the Presidents on the need for continuation.

Page 5, Annex A - Tasks of Border Monitoring Support Mission
2. Support activities (verifications, investigations, monitoring, arbitrations, training, liaison coordinating reporting, information exchange and patrols as required between the Parties along SDBZ;
9. Facilitate liaison between the Parties;
13. Assist building mutual trust, confidence and an environment which encourages long-term stability and economic development.

Page 7, Annex B - Tasks of Joint Border Verification and Monitoring Sectors (JBVMS) and Joint Border Verification Teams (JBVMTs)
4. Police:
4.3 Border crossing procedures will be conducted consistent with the normal customs and immigration rules and procedures of the two sovereign states.

Page 9, Annex C - Rules of Procedure for the JPSM
3. JPSM Secretariat. The JPSM Secretariat will:
3.7 Exchange of Information and Liaison. In the spirit of Kuriftu General Objective 7 and of cooperation and in order to build confidence and de-escalate potential cross-border tension, the Parties will establish:
3.7.1 Direct communications between the respective members of the JPSM from each sovereign state and with the JPSM secretariat;

Governance

Political institutions (new or reformed)

No specific mention.

Constitution's affirmation/renewal

No specific mention.

Constitutional reform/making

No specific mention.

Elections

No specific mention.

Electoral commission

No specific mention.

Political parties reform

No specific mention.

Civil society

Page 7, Annex B - Tasks of Joint Border Verification and Monitoring Sectors (JBVMS) and Joint Border Verification Teams (JBVMTs)
3.1 Team Composition: Each team will be composed of an equal number of representatives from each party; the team leader (external observer), one representative from each of SAF and SPLA, plus one representative from the police, one from national security and one Legal Advisor from each Party. If necessary for a specific mission, a representative from the local authorities or community will be attached to the JBVMT. [...]

Traditional/religious leaders

No specific mention.

Public administration

No specific mention.

Power sharing

Political power sharing

No specific mention.

Territorial power sharing

No specific mention.

Economic power sharing

No specific mention.

Military power sharing

Proportionality

Page 6, Annex B - Tasks of Joint Border Verification and Monitoring Sectors (JBVMS) and Joint Border Verification Teams (JBVMTs)
2. JBVMS HQ Composition:
2.1 Two officers from each, SAF and SPLA with the ranks of not less than Lt. Colonel.
2.2 Two police officers from each side with the ranks of not less than Lt. Colonel or equivalent.
2.3 Two NISS officers from each side with ranks of not less than Lt. Colonel.
2.4 One Legal Advisor from each side.
2.5 One command post composed of two military officers from each side plus one external observer/monitor.
2.6 Two JBVMS shall reach its decisions by consensus of the Parties and shall establish its internal regulations

Page 7, Annex B - Tasks of Joint Border Verification and Monitoring Sectors (JBVMS) and Joint Border Verification Teams (JBVMTs)
3.1 Team Composition: Each team will be composed of an equal number of representatives from each party; the team leader (external observer), one representative from each of SAF and SPLA, plus one representative from the police, one from national security and one Legal Advisor from each Party. [...]

Page 7, Annex B - Tasks of Joint Border Verification and Monitoring Sectors (JBVMS) and Joint Border Verification Teams (JBVMTs)
3.1.1 Team tasks: Teams will act jointly to:
3.1.1.1 Monitor and report on security within the SDBZ by conducting patrols and visits as required throughout their respective sectors in order to prevent any violations
and enhance confidence-building.
3.1.1.2 Report unlawfully held weapons to the Joint Border Verification Monitoring Sectors (JBVMS) for more verification in justifying the unlawful weapons and awaiting destruction directives from JPSM.
3.1.1.3 Arbitrate on local disputes. Any disputes beyond their competence are to be raised to sector level and to the JBVMM if necessary who may then raise it to JSPM if
necessary.
3.1.1.4 Upon complaint of a security nature submitted to the JBVMT leader from the representative of either party, the JBVMT leader will task the JBVMT to monitor,
verify and report on security situation within the SDBZ to JBVMS.
3.1.1.5 Submit a report to the JBVMM signed by the JBVMS leader and a senior representative of each party, with a copy of the report to each party.
3.1.1.6 Liaise and conduct meetings every week and when necessary.

Human rights and equality

Human rights/RoL

No specific mention.

Equality

Page 7, Annex B - Tasks of Joint Border Verification and Monitoring Sectors (JBVMS) and Joint Border Verification Teams (JBVMTs)
3.1 Team Composition: Each team will be composed of an equal number of representatives from each party; [...]

Page 8, Annex C - Rules of Procedure for the JPSM
3. JPSM Secretariat. The JPSM Secretariat will:
3.1 Comprise 8 persons drawn 50/50 from the sending States.

Page 9, Annex C - Rules of Procedure for the JPSM
3. JPSM Secretariat. The JPSM Secretariat will:
3.9 All other costs of the JPSM, JBVMM, JBVMS and JBVMTs, less for the costs of external monitoring which will be met by the appropriate authority, will be the sole responsibility of the two states in equal proportion. The JPSM budget for the coming accounting (calendar) year will be agreed as a JPSM agenda item no later than 6 months before the beginning of the accounting year and ratified by the two sending governments no later than 3 months before the start of the accounting year.

Democracy

No specific mention.

Protection measures

Other

Page 2, Agreement on the Border Monitoring Support Mission between the Government of the Sudan and the Government of South Sudan
2. The Parties agree with the Force Commander to 300 force protection as an adequate basis, pending the recommendations of the Force Commander as per Paragraph 5 of the 29 June 2011 agreement.

Page 3, Agreement on the Border Monitoring Support Mission between the Government of the Sudan and the Government of South Sudan
8. The Parties hereby request the UN to endorse the agreement on the Border Monitoring Support Mission with the following additional tasks to the UNISFA mandate:
(i) Provide force protection

Page 5, Annex A - Tasks of Border Monitoring Support Mission
10. The JBVMM shall maintain necessary chart geographical and mapping references, which once agreed to the border between the two states, shall be used for the purpose of monitoring of the implementation in accordance with Paragraph 2 of the Agreement on Border Security and the Joint Political and Security Mechanism of 29 June 2011;
11. Assist, facilitate and help to protect the demarcation teams within the SDBZ as requested by the JPSM;

Human rights framework

No specific mention.

Civil and political rights

No specific mention.

Socio-economic rights

No specific mention.

NHRI

No specific mention.

Regional or international human rights institutions

No specific mention.

Mobility/access

Page 3, Agreement on the Border Monitoring Support Mission between the Government of the Sudan and the Government of South Sudan
7. Both Parties shall submit their proposals on the corridors of movement to the JPSM.

Page 3, Agreement on the Border Monitoring Support Mission between the Government of the Sudan and the Government of South Sudan
12. The suggested draft agenda for the first meeting of the JPSM is as follows: [...]
(iv) Consideration of corridors of movement in the SDBZ.
(v) Appointment of the JBVMM for endorsement by the Parties [...]
(vii) Discussion on corridors within the SDBZ. [...]

Page 7, Annex B - Tasks of Joint Border Verification and Monitoring Sectors (JBVMS) and Joint Border Verification Teams (JBVMTs)
4. Police:
4.1 Official border crossings and movement corridors will be decided by the first (preliminary) JPSM meeting, based on the proposals of the 2 Parties which will be provided to the JPSM secretariat before the first (preliminary) JPSM meeting;
4.2 The crossing of the SDBZ shall be through identified crossing points and corridors.
4.3 Border crossing procedures will be conducted consistent with the normal customs and immigration rules and procedures of the two sovereign states.

Detention procedures

No specific mention.

Media and communication

Media roles

Page 8-9, Annex C - Rules of Procedure for the JPSM
3. JPSM Secretariat. The JPSM Secretariat will: 3.6 Public Information/Media. All contact with the media will be conducted on a joint basis and only by the JPSM chairs or their designated spokespersons. JBVMM and JBVMS and JBVMTs will refer all media/public information issues to the JPSM.

Citizenship

No specific mention.

Justice sector reform

Criminal justice and emergency law

No specific mention.

State of emergency provisions

No specific mention.

Judiciary and courts

No specific mention.

Prisons and detention

No specific mention.

Traditional Laws

No specific mention.

Socio-economic reconstruction

Development or socio-economic reconstruction

Socio-economic development

Page 5, Annex A - Tasks of Border Monitoring Support Mission
13. Assist building mutual trust, confidence and an environment which encourages long-term stability and economic development.

National economic plan

No specific mention.

Natural resources

No specific mention.

International funds

No specific mention.

Business

No specific mention.

Taxation

No specific mention.

Banks

No specific mention.

Land, property and environment

Land reform/rights

No specific mention.

Pastoralist/nomadism rights

No specific mention.

Cultural heritage

No specific mention.

Environment

No specific mention.

Water or riparian rights or access

No specific mention.

Security sector

Security Guarantees

Page 2, Agreement on the Border Monitoring Support Mission between the Government of the Sudan and the Government of South Sudan
1. The Government of the Sudan and Government of South Sudan, hereinafter referred to as the Parties, reaffirm their commitment to the agreement signed in Addis Ababa on 29 June 2011, as supplemented by the agreements of 7 December 2010, Annex 2, which relates to the Joint Political and Security Mechanism (JPSM), and the Joint Position Paper signed between the National Congress Party/Sudan Armed Forces and Sudan People’s Liberation Movement/Army on 30 May 2011, with the following additions and amendments:
(i) Amendments to the 7 December 2010 JPSM document: JPSM membership would be expanded to include the Ministers of Foreign Affairs and Ministers of Interior of both countries; reference to the Joint Field Committee would become the Joint Border Verification Monitoring Mechanism (JBVMM), the Joint Sector Teams (JSTs) would become Joint Border Verification Monitoring Sectors, the Joint Team Sites (JTS) would become Joint Border Verification Monitoring Teams (JBVMTs), and reference to the Common Border Zone would become the Safe Demilitarized Border Zone (SDBZ).
(ii) Prior to first meeting of the JPSM, a joint legal committee of the Parties assisted by the AUHIP legal advisors will prepare a consolidated document for the reference of the JPSM.

Page 2, Agreement on the Border Monitoring Support Mission between the Government of the Sudan and the Government of South Sudan
2. The Parties agree with the Force Commander to 300 force protection as an adequate basis, pending the recommendations of the Force Commander as per Paragraph 5 of the 29 June 2011 agreement.

Page 2, Agreement on the Border Monitoring Support Mission between the Government of the Sudan and the Government of South Sudan
3. The Parties agree that the area of responsibility (AOR) for the JBVMM shall correspond to the SDBZ. The centre line for the SDBZ shall be the 1/1/56 borderline except for the agreed disputed areas. Pending the final resolution of the disputed areas, the administrative common borderline, as reflected in the map produced and signed by the Technical Boundary Demarcation Committee before the first meeting of the JPSM and shall be used as the sole reference. This map shall be attached to the consolidated document referred to in Paragraph 1 (ii) for their operation.

Page 2, Agreement on the Border Monitoring Support Mission between the Government of the Sudan and the Government of South Sudan
4. The Parties agree that they and the United Nations Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA) shall, in accordance with the provisions of the 29 June 2011 Agreement, undertake a joint assessment mission to establish: the location of the mission headquarters; location and number of sector headquarters; the location and number of teams; and the personnel to be assigned to these tasks. The outcome of the assessment mission shall be submitted to the JPSM for consideration and approval.

Page 2, Agreement on the Border Monitoring Support Mission between the Government of the Sudan and the Government of South Sudan
5. The Force Commander shall also undertake a reconnaissance mission, in consultation with the Parties, to assess the operational requirements of the mission.

Page 3, Agreement on the Border Monitoring Support Mission between the Government of the Sudan and the Government of South Sudan
8. The Parties hereby request the UN to endorse the agreement on the Border Monitoring Support Mission with the following additional tasks to the UNISFA mandate:
(i) Provide force protection
(ii) Provide observers
(iii) Provide logistic and air support
(iv) Provide accommodation for national observers
(v) The Senior Observer reports to the UNISFA Force Commander

Page 3, Agreement on the Border Monitoring Support Mission between the Government of the Sudan and the Government of South Sudan
11. The SDBZ and associated border management mechanisms are measures necessary until normal relationships prevail between the two sovereign States. Thus the JPSM shall review the necessity of these measures every six months with a view to making recommendations to the Presidents on the need for continuation.

Page 3, Agreement on the Border Monitoring Support Mission between the Government of the Sudan and the Government of South Sudan
12. The suggested draft agenda for the first meeting of the JPSM is as follows:
(i) Consideration of the structure, rules and budget of the JPSM.
(ii) Consideration and adoption of the recommendations of the Joint Committee and UNISFA.
(iii) Report by UNISFA FC on the outcome of his assessment mission.
(iv) Consideration of corridors of movement in the SDBZ.
(v) Appointment of the JBVMM for endorsement by the Parties.
(vi) Agreement of the date of launching of the SDBZ and related security mechanisms.
(vii) Discussion on corridors within the SDBZ. [...]

Page 5, Annex A - Tasks of Border Monitoring Support Mission
1. Assist in ensuring the observance of the Security Commitments agreed by the Parties;

Page 5, Annex A - Tasks of Border Monitoring Support Mission
2. Support activities (verifications, investigations, monitoring, arbitrations, training, liaison coordinating reporting, information exchange and patrols as required between the Parties along SDBZ;

Page 5, Annex A - Tasks of Border Monitoring Support Mission
3. Support control of Small Arms and Light Weapons (SALW) circulation within and across the SDBZ, with the JBVMM, JBVMMS, JBVMTs.

Page 5, Annex A - Tasks of Border Monitoring Support Mission
6. Oversee complaints of the Parties to the obligations under the Joint Position Paper on Border Security of 30 May 2011;

Page 5, Annex A - Tasks of Border Monitoring Support Mission
7. Coordinate planning, monitoring and verification of the implementation of the Joint Position Paper on Border Security of 30.05.2011;

Page 5, Annex A - Tasks of Border Monitoring Support Mission
8. Receive, verify and resolve violations, disputes and complaints;

Page 5, Annex A - Tasks of Border Monitoring Support Mission
10. The JBVMM shall maintain necessary chart geographical and mapping references, which once agreed to the border between the two states, shall be used for the purpose of monitoring of the implementation in accordance with Paragraph 2 of the Agreement on Border Security and the Joint Political and Security Mechanism of 29 June 2011;

Page 5, Annex A - Tasks of Border Monitoring Support Mission
11. Assist, facilitate and help to protect the demarcation teams within the SDBZ as requested by the JPSM;

Page 6, Annex B - Tasks of Joint Border Verification and Monitoring Sectors (JBVMS) and Joint Border Verification Teams (JBVMTs)
1. JBVMS Tasks:
1.1 Coordinate planning, monitoring and verification of the implementation of the agreement within its jurisdiction.
1.2 Upon complaint of a security nature submitted to the JBVMS leader by representative of either party, task JBVMT to monitor, verify and report on security within SDBZ.
1.5 Liaise and conduct meetings every two weeks and when necessary.
1.6 Maintain necessary charts, graphical and mapping references in its area of jurisdiction, which once agreed to be the border between the two states, shall be used for the purpose of the monitoring of the implementation of this agreement.
1.7 Facilitate liaison between their mother units in the two states within its jurisdiction and to discuss the relevant issues which shall better inform the JBVMM agenda.

Page 6, Annex B - Tasks of Joint Border Verification and Monitoring Sectors (JBVMS) and Joint Border Verification Teams (JBVMTs)
3. JBVMTs (Teams): There will be a minimum of six teams; however, given the size of all sectors is not the same, the Parties agree that the number of teams and their locations will be determined by the sector commander in consultation with the JBVMM and the Force Commander and with the approval of the JPSM. Additionally teams if required, may be created this way or disbanded where they are no longer required.

Page 7, Annex B - Tasks of Joint Border Verification and Monitoring Sectors (JBVMS) and Joint Border Verification Teams (JBVMTs)
3.1 Team Composition: Each team will be composed of an equal number of representatives from each party; the team leader (external observer), one representative from each of SAF and SPLA, plus one representative from the police, one from national security and one Legal Advisor from each Party. If necessary for a specific mission, a representative from the local authorities or community will be attached to the JBVMT. Teams will be
deployable by vehicle or air, with freedom to move throughout the SDBZ on both sides of the border and appropriate equipment for their function, including cameras.

Page 7, Annex B - Tasks of Joint Border Verification and Monitoring Sectors (JBVMS) and Joint Border Verification Teams (JBVMTs)
3.1.1 Team tasks: Teams will act jointly to:
3.1.1.1 Monitor and report on security within the SDBZ by conducting patrols and visits as required throughout their respective sectors in order to prevent any violations
and enhance confidence-building.
3.1.1.2 Report unlawfully held weapons to the Joint Border Verification Monitoring Sectors (JBVMS) for more verification in justifying the unlawful weapons and awaiting destruction directives from JPSM.
3.1.1.3 Arbitrate on local disputes. Any disputes beyond their competence are to be raised to sector level and to the JBVMM if necessary who may then raise it to JSPM if
necessary.
3.1.1.4 Upon complaint of a security nature submitted to the JBVMT leader from the representative of either party, the JBVMT leader will task the JBVMT to monitor,
verify and report on security situation within the SDBZ to JBVMS.
3.1.1.5 Submit a report to the JBVMM signed by the JBVMS leader and a senior representative of each party, with a copy of the report to each party.
3.1.1.6 Liaise and conduct meetings every week and when necessary.

Page 8, Annex C - Rules of Procedure for the JPSM
3. JPSM Secretariat. The JPSM Secretariat will:
3.1 Comprise 8 persons drawn 50/50 from the sending States.
3.3 The funding of the SBDZ National Border Security Mechanisms and the JPSM secretariats is the sole responsibility of each sovereign state with the support of the third 3rd Party for the international elements

Page 8, Annex C - Rules of Procedure for the JPSM
3.5 Tasks. The JPSM Secretariat will:
3.5.1 Coordinate all aspects of JPSM work, including the day to day administrative activities and regular reports of JPSM meetings.
3.5.2 Circulate the agenda at least 7 days in advance of JPSM meetings.
3.5.3 Draft minutes of JPSM meetings for ratification by signature of both chairs within 7 days following a JPSM meeting.
3.5.4 Publish the agreed minutes of the JPSM within 14 days of the date of respective meetings.
3.5.5 Prepare budget submissions for JPSM ratification and accountability.

Page 9, Annex C - Rules of Procedure for the JPSM
3. JPSM Secretariat. The JPSM Secretariat will:
3.7 Exchange of Information and Liaison. In the spirit of Kuriftu General Objective 7 and of cooperation and in order to build confidence and de-escalate potential cross-border tension, the Parties will establish:
3.7.1 Direct communications between the respective members of the JPSM from each sovereign state and with the JPSM secretariat;
3.7.2 The exchange of information shall be through the SDBZ coordinating security mechanisms JPSM, JBVMM, JBVMS and JBVMTs secretariats and the two Embassies.

Page 9, Annex C - Rules of Procedure for the JPSM
4. Coordinating Instructions:
4.1 Numbers, Composition and Locations. The Parties shall inform the JPSM secretariat before 14 August 2011 in advance of the first (preliminary) JPSM meeting of the number, composition and location of, and boundaries between the security elements to be deployed in the SDBZ. These details shall be ratified by the first meeting of the JPSM. Any subsequent changes to the numbers, composition, deployments and boundaries of the security elements to be deployed in the SDBZ are to be ratified by the JPSM.

Page 9-10, Annex C - Rules of Procedure for the JPSM
4. Coordinating Instructions:
4.2 Small Arms/Light Weapons: The maximum calibre of weapons permissible within the SDBZ is 12.7 mm (0.5 inch). No other weapons, including mines and grenades, shall be deployed within the SDBZ. Weapons verified as unlawful by the JBVMM, JBVMS, JBVMTs shall be recorded, secured and handed over to the appropriate police authority pending JPSM directives on destruction.

Ceasefire

No specific mention.

Police

Page 5, Annex A - Tasks of Border Monitoring Support Mission
4. Conduct institutional training for border police and border security mechanisms as requested by the Parties;

Page 6, Annex B - Tasks of Joint Border Verification and Monitoring Sectors (JBVMS) and Joint Border Verification Teams (JBVMTs)
1. JBVMS Tasks:
1.4 Report unlawfully held weapons to the JBVMM and appropriate police authorities for confiscation. Observe and record their destruction and report on local disputes. Any disputes beyond their competence are to be raised to the JBVMM.

Page 6, Annex B - Tasks of Joint Border Verification and Monitoring Sectors (JBVMS) and Joint Border Verification Teams (JBVMTs)
2. JBVMS HQ Composition:
2.2 Two police officers from each side with the ranks of not less than Lt. Colonel or equivalent.

Page 7, Annex B - Tasks of Joint Border Verification and Monitoring Sectors (JBVMS) and Joint Border Verification Teams (JBVMTs)
3.1 Team Composition: Each team will be composed of an equal number of representatives from each party; the team leader (external observer), one representative from each of SAF and SPLA, plus one representative from the police, one from national security and one Legal Advisor from each Party. [...]

Page 7, Annex B - Tasks of Joint Border Verification and Monitoring Sectors (JBVMS) and Joint Border Verification Teams (JBVMTs)
4. Police:
4.1 Official border crossings and movement corridors will be decided by the first (preliminary) JPSM meeting, based on the proposals of the 2 Parties which will be provided to the JPSM secretariat before the first (preliminary) JPSM meeting;
4.2 The crossing of the SDBZ shall be through identified crossing points and corridors.
4.3 Border crossing procedures will be conducted consistent with the normal customs and immigration rules and procedures of the two sovereign states.

Armed forces

No specific mention.

DDR

No specific mention.

Intelligence services

Page 6, Annex B - Tasks of Joint Border Verification and Monitoring Sectors (JBVMS) and Joint Border Verification Teams (JBVMTs)
2. JBVMS HQ Composition:
2.3 Two NISS officers from each side with ranks of not less than Lt. Colonel.

Page 7, Annex B - Tasks of Joint Border Verification and Monitoring Sectors (JBVMS) and Joint Border Verification Teams (JBVMTs)
3.1 Team Composition: Each team will be composed of an equal number of representatives from each party; the team leader (external observer), one representative from each of SAF and SPLA, plus one representative from the police, one from national security and one Legal Advisor from each Party. [...]

Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces

Page 6, Annex B - Tasks of Joint Border Verification and Monitoring Sectors (JBVMS) and Joint Border Verification Teams (JBVMTs)
2. JBVMS HQ Composition:
2.1 Two officers from each, SAF and SPLA with the ranks of not less than Lt. Colonel.
2.5 One command post composed of two military officers from each side plus one external observer/monitor.

Page 7, Annex B - Tasks of Joint Border Verification and Monitoring Sectors (JBVMS) and Joint Border Verification Teams (JBVMTs)
3.1 Team Composition: Each team will be composed of an equal number of representatives from each party; the team leader (external observer), one representative from each of SAF and SPLA, plus one representative from the police, one from national security and one Legal Advisor from each Party. [...]

Withdrawal of foreign forces

No specific mention.

Corruption

No specific mention.

Crime/organised crime

No specific mention.

Drugs

No specific mention.

Terrorism

No specific mention.

Transitional justice

Transitional justice general

No specific mention.

Amnesty/pardon

No specific mention.

Courts

No specific mention.

Mechanism

No specific mention.

Prisoner release

No specific mention.

Vetting

No specific mention.

Victims

No specific mention.

Missing persons

No specific mention.

Reparations

No specific mention.

Reconciliation

No specific mention.

Implementation

UN signatory

[Not directly signed, but Letter at beginning from UN Secretary General Ban Ki-Moon to President of the Security Council is signed by Secretary General]

Other international signatory

Witnessed by: Pierre Buyoya, African Union High Level Implementation Panel

Referendum for agreement

No specific mention.

International mission/force/similar

Page 2, Agreement on the Border Monitoring Support Mission between the Government of the Sudan and the Government of South Sudan
4. The Parties agree that they and the United Nations Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA) shall, in accordance with the provisions of the 29 June 2011 Agreement, undertake a joint assessment mission to establish: the location of the mission headquarters; location and number of sector headquarters; the location and number of teams; and the personnel to be assigned to these tasks. The outcome of the assessment mission shall be submitted to the JPSM for consideration and approval.

Page 2, Agreement on the Border Monitoring Support Mission between the Government of the Sudan and the Government of South Sudan
5. The Force Commander shall also undertake a reconnaissance mission, in consultation with the Parties, to assess the operational requirements of the mission.

Page 3, Agreement on the Border Monitoring Support Mission between the Government of the Sudan and the Government of South Sudan
8. The Parties hereby request the UN to endorse the agreement on the Border Monitoring Support Mission with the following additional tasks to the UNISFA mandate:
(i) Provide force protection
(ii) Provide observers
(iii) Provide logistic and air support
(iv) Provide accommodation for national observers
(v) The Senior Observer reports to the UNISFA Force Commander

Page 3, Agreement on the Border Monitoring Support Mission between the Government of the Sudan and the Government of South Sudan
12. The suggested draft agenda for the first meeting of the JPSM is as follows:
(i) Consideration of the structure, rules and budget of the JPSM.
(ii) Consideration and adoption of the recommendations of the Joint Committee and UNISFA.
(iii) Report by UNISFA FC on the outcome of his assessment mission.
(iv) Consideration of corridors of movement in the SDBZ.
(v) Appointment of the JBVMM for endorsement by the Parties.
(vi) Agreement of the date of launching of the SDBZ and related security mechanisms.
(vii) Discussion on corridors within the SDBZ. [...]

Enforcement mechanism

Page 3, Agreement on the Border Monitoring Support Mission between the Government of the Sudan and the Government of South Sudan
8. The Parties hereby request the UN to endorse the agreement on the Border Monitoring Support Mission with the following additional tasks to the UNISFA mandate:
(i) Provide force protection
(ii) Provide observers
(iii) Provide logistic and air support
(iv) Provide accommodation for national observers
(v) The Senior Observer reports to the UNISFA Force Commander

Page 6, Annex B - Tasks of Joint Border Verification and Monitoring Sectors (JBVMS) and Joint Border Verification Teams (JBVMTs)
1. JBVMS Tasks:
1.1 Coordinate planning, monitoring and verification of the implementation of the agreement within its jurisdiction. [...]
1.6 Maintain necessary charts, graphical and mapping references in its area of jurisdiction, which once agreed to be the border between the two states, shall be used for the purpose of the monitoring of the implementation of this agreement.