Border delimitation
[Summary] Entire agreement is a border demarcation agreement.
Page 1, Article 1
The contracting parties agree to use the existing treaty related to the Sino-Soviet border line as a basis and to act in accordance with the standards of international law, based on the spirit of equal agreement, mutual understanding and mutual accommodation. In addition, they will use the agreement reached in the process of border negotiations, to fairly and reasonably resolve the historical issue of the Sino-Russian border and clarify and determine the direction of the borderline which runs between the two countries.
Page 1-8, Article 2
[Summary] Description of the 33 border points in eastern section running south east from Tarbagan-Dakh to the Guoluminiwujiaoshi Mountain.
Page 8, Article 3
The Contracting Parties agree to continue negotiations on the direction of the eastern section of the Sino-Soviet boundary, from the seventh to the eighth boundary points, and from the tenth to the eleventh boundary points, in accordance with Article 1 of this Agreement.
Page 8, Article 4
In order to clarify and determine the borderline that is described in Article 2 of this agreement, the Contracting Parties decided to establish a joint demarcation committee on the basis of reciprocity, and to give this committee the task of boundary surveying. This committee will be in charge of determining the exact location of the main channel centreline, river centreline or main stream centreline, and in accordance with Article 5 of this Agreement, will determine the ownership of the islands and islets in the centre of the rivers. It will also establish landmarks, draw up boundary surveying documents, draw up detailed boundary surveying maps, as well as resolving and completing each of the specific tasks mentioned above.
Page 8, Article 5
The Contracting Parties agree on the borderline that is described in Article 2 of this agreement, the navigable river that follows the main channel centre line, and the non-navigable river that follows the river or mainstream centre line. The exact location of the main channel and what is regarded as the borderline’s main channel, the river centre line or the mainstream centre line, thus divide the islands and islets in the river and the section of the watershed that the borderline follows along will be specifically determined at the time of Sino-Soviet boundary surveying.
The main channel is determined by the water depth, combined with the channel width and the radius of curvature, in addition to comprehensive consideration. The main channel centre line indicates the centre line between the two corresponding isobaths of the main channel.
The main stream is primarily determined by the river flow rate at the mid-water level.
Page 8, Article 6
The Contracting Parties agree that the boundary line on the ground between China and the Soviet Union shall also be divided vertically into the sky and the subsoil.
Page 8-9, Article 7
Any natural changes that may occur on the boundary river do not affect the location of the Sino-Soviet boundary line and the ownership of the islands assigned in the field, unless otherwise agreed by the Parties.
After the demarcation of the boundary line of the boundary river, any newly emerging islands in the boundary river will be divided according to the demarcation line. If the newly emerging islands are located on the boundary of the assigned boundary, the two sides shall consult based on fairness and reasonableness to determine their ownership.
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