Peace Agreements Database

Country/entity

Yemen

Region

Middle East and North Africa

Agreement name

Riyadh agreement between the legitimate Government of Yemen and the Southern Transitional Council (STC)

Date

05/11/2019

Agreement status

Multiparty signed/agreed

Interim arrangement

No

Agreement/conflict level

Intrastate/intrastate conflict (Yemeni Civil Wars (1994) (2011 - )

The Republic of Yemen was formed in May 1990 after the merger between the Yemeni Arab Republic (YAR) in the north and the People’s Democratic Republic of Yemen (PDRY) in the south. The unification process was rushed and the final agreement between President Ali Abdullah Saleh and President Ali Salem al-Beidh was based on the imperfect promise of equality. Following the merger, integration of the militaries and civil services was at best incomplete or at times entirely non-existent. When Saleh’s General Congress Party (GPC) allied itself with the newly created Islamist Islah (‘reform’) party in 1993, the former ruling party of South Yemen – the Yemen Socialist Party (YSP) – was effectively side-lined in the 1993 General Elections. Violence involving the use of heavy weaponry and aerial bombardment erupted in April 1994 and on the 21 May 1994 Vice President al-Beidh declared the secession of the south, citing political centralization with the northern highland tribes, violence against the YSP and economic discrimination. In the midst of fighting, negotiations in Cairo, Egypt, collapsed. The war ended with the military victory of the north, and on the 1 October 1994, Ali Abdullah Saleh was elected President.

Despite the unification of Yemen in 1990, political power during the 1990s and 2000s remained centralized with the northern highland tribes, particularly the villages from which President Ali Abdullah Saleh and his confidants stemmed. The system of clientelism established through the ruling General People’s Congress party maintained relative loyalty among the fractured political allegiances of Yemen’s traditional tribal leadership. However, diminishing oil reserves and the shrinking opportunities for access to rent increased economic and political marginalization in Yemen’s peripheral communities. The degree of regionalism of conflicts is further defined by other local grievances. In the northern governorate of Sa’dah, a backlash was provoked among the local Zaydi Shi’a against Sunni Salafist cultural incursions resulting in six wars between 2004 and 2010. In the southern governorates of Hadramawt, Shabwa, al-Dhali and Abyan, civil and military personnel forcibly retired after the 1994 Civil War began protesting and eventually formed the secessionist Southern ‘al-Hiraak’ movement in 2007. Furthermore, tribal grievances have spurred attacks on oil companies and government installations to extract rents. Various takfiri groups including al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula have also increased their presence since 1995.

The Yemen Spring in early 2011 allowed all these movements to express their joint displeasure. Moreover, factionalism in the regime split the already weak military and thus allowed the Houthis, the takfiris and tribal-based militia known as popular committees, to assert themselves militarily. Mandated by the UN-sponsored Gulf Cooperation Council Initiative, the National Dialogue held from March 2013 to January 2014 aimed at guaranteeing power-sharing among the different parties. However, the GCC Initiative only included formal political parties that did not accurately reflect political realities. Furthermore, provisions lacked adequate transitional justice and provided former-President Saleh, as well as others, full amnesty. As a result, little faith was placed in the process by formerly marginalized groups such as the Zaydi Shia Houthi rebels (Ansar Allah) and al-Hiraak who opted to increase their bargaining power vis-à-vis the state by strengthening their own territorial enclaves. In September 2014 the Houthis succeeded in capturing the capital Sana’a and gradually expanded their control southward. The subsequent UN-mediated Peace and National Partnership Agreement between transitional president Hadi and the Houthis on a federal, democratic Yemeni state, failed to be implemented as the Houthis successfully dissolved the parliament and deposed Hadi in January 2015. Following the Saudi military intervention to restore the Hadi government in March 2015, ceasefire attempts continuously failed. A two-year deadlock ensued until negotiations between the Houthis and the government of Yemen finally culminated in the Stockholm Agreement in December 2018. However, throughout 2019 the Saudi-led coalition continues to launch airstrikes. Furthermore, in May 2017 the Southern al-Hiraak movement had declared the secessionist formation of the Southern Transitional Council (STC), seizing the interim-capital Aden by January 2018. Territorial divisions between the Yemeni government, the Houthis, forces affiliated with Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates, local militias and tribes have continued to fracture the country.

Yemeni Civil Wars (1994) (2011 - ) )

Stage

Framework/substantive - partial (Multiple issues)

Conflict nature

Government/territory

Peace process

123: Yemen peace process

Parties

The two parties in the Agreement; the government and the Southern Transitional Council (STC)

Third parties

The two parties in the Agreement;
Met under the auspices of the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques, King Salman Bin Abdulaziz in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia from 20/8/2019 to 24/10/2019 in response to the Kingdom’s invitation to discuss their differences

In confirmation of the Coalition to Support Legitimacy in Yemen's role, led by the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in responding to the legitimate elected President, Abd Rabbuh Mansur Hadi, to protect Yemen and its people from the continued attacks by the Houthi militia, backed by the Iranian government, and to build on the political, military, security, relief and developmental successes, primarily regaining control of the majority of Yemeni territories;

Description

A power sharing agreement between the Government of Yemen and the Southern Transitional Council which attempts to relocate control of Yemen's southern territories through the restructuring of governing bodies. Three detailed and substantive appendices provide for: formation of political institutions in the interim capital Aden and a number of other southern provinces, distribution of state resources and reform of military and security forces.

Agreement document

YE_191105_Riyadh_Agreement_between_the_legitimate_government_of_Yemen_and_the_transitional_council.pdf []

Agreement document (original language)

YE_191105_Riyadh_Agreement_between_the_legitimate_government_of_Yemen_and_the_transitional_council_ar.pdf []

Groups

Children/youth

No specific mention.

Disabled persons

No specific mention.

Elderly/age

No specific mention.

Migrant workers

No specific mention.

Racial/ethnic/national group

No specific mention.

Religious groups

No specific mention.

Indigenous people

No specific mention.

Other groups

No specific mention.

Refugees/displaced persons

No specific mention.

Social class

No specific mention.

Gender

Women, girls and gender

No specific mention.

Men and boys

No specific mention.

LGBTI

No specific mention.

Family

No specific mention.

State definition

State definition

No specific mention.

Governance

Political institutions (new or reformed)

New political institutions (indefinite)

Page 2, Appendix 1: Political and economic arrangements,
1. Formation of a technocratic government with no more than 24 ministers. The President
will appoint its members after deliberation with the Prime Minister and political components. The ministerial portfolios must be equally distributed between the southern and northern municipalities. The government formation must be carried out within 30 days after signing this Agreement.

Page 2, Appendix 1: Political and economic arrangements,
2. The Yemeni President will appoint the governor and the head of the Aden municipality
within 15 days of the date this Agreement was signed based on standards of qualification and integrity and through deliberations. He will also appoint a governor for Abyan and Dhale within 30 days after this Agreement is signed in order to improve the quality of work.

Page 2, Appendix 1: Political and economic arrangements,
3. The current Prime Minister will begin his duties in the temporary capital, Aden, within no more than 7 days from the date this Agreement is signed in order to activate all of the state institutions in the various liberated municipalities to serve the Yemeni people and pay the salaries and financial dues to all military, security and civil sectors in the state and its institutions, located in the temporary capital of Aden and all liberated municipalities.

Page 2, Appendix 1: Political and economic arrangements,
4. The Yemeni President will appoint governors and municipality heads in the remaining southern municipalities, based on standards of qualification and integrity and through deliberations, within 60 days of signing this Agreement.

Constitution's affirmation/renewal

No specific mention.

Constitutional reform/making

No specific mention.

Elections

No specific mention.

Electoral commission

No specific mention.

Political parties reform

No specific mention.

Civil society

No specific mention.

Traditional/religious leaders

No specific mention.

Public administration

Page 2, Appendix 1: Political and economic arrangements,
3. The current Prime Minister will begin his duties in the temporary capital, Aden, within no more than 7 days from the date this Agreement is signed in order to activate all of the state institutions in the various liberated municipalities to serve the Yemeni people and pay the salaries and financial dues to all military, security and civil sectors in the state and its institutions, located in the temporary capital of Aden and all liberated municipalities.

Power sharing

Political power sharing

State level

Page 2, Appendix 1: Political and economic arrangements,
1. Formation of a technocratic government with no more than 24 minister. The President will appoint its members after deliberation with the Prime Minister and political components. The ministerial portfolios must be equally distributed between the southern and northern municipalities. The government formation must be carried out within 30 days after signing this Agreement. Those chosen must be proven to be honest, qualified and possess experience relevant to the ministerial portfolio, as well as not have been involved in any combat or inciting activities during the Aden, Abyan and Shabwa incidents. Members of the government must take their oath before the President in Aden the day after the government formation.

Executive coalition

Page 2, Appendix 1: Political and economic arrangements,
1. Formation of a technocratic government with no more than 24 minister. The President will appoint its members after deliberation with the Prime Minister and political components. The ministerial portfolios must be equally distributed between the southern and northern municipalities. The government formation must be carried out within 30 days after signing this Agreement. Those chosen must be proven to be honest, qualified and possess experience relevant to the ministerial portfolio, as well as not have been involved in any combat or inciting activities during the Aden, Abyan and Shabwa incidents. Members of the government must take their oath before the President in Aden the day after the government formation.

Territorial power sharing

No specific mention.

Economic power sharing

No specific mention.

Military power sharing

Merger of forces

Page 3, Appendix 2: Military arrangements,
3. Moving all government Military Forces and STC military formations in Aden municipality to the camps outside of Aden, determined by the leadership of the Coalition to Support Legitimacy in Yemen within 30 days of signing this Agreement. They must also be instructed based on the plans approved and under direct supervision of the leadership of the Coalition to Support Legitimacy in Yemen. This excludes the first brigade, which provides protection to the president. It will be tasked with protecting the presidential palaces, their surroundings and securing the movements of the President. They are also tasked with providing security protection to the STC leadership in Aden, under the supervision of the leadership of the Coalition to Support Legitimacy in Yemen.

Page 3, Appendix 2: Military arrangements,
4. Uniting the Military Forces mentioned in Clause 3, numbering them and adding them to the Defence Ministry, followed by issuing the necessary resolutions and distributing them based on the agreed upon plans under direct supervision of the leadership of the Coalition to Support Legitimacy in Yemen within 60 days of signing this Agreement.

Page 3, Appendix 2: Military arrangements,
5. Re-organising the Military Forces in the Abyan and Lahij governorates under the leadership of the Defence Ministry in accordance with the same measures taken in Aden within 60 days of signing this Agreement.

Page 3, Appendix 2: Military arrangements,
6. Re-organising the Military Forces in the remaining southern governorates under the leadership of the Defence Ministry in accordance with the same measures taken in Aden within 90 days of signing this Agreement.

Page 4, Appendix 3: Security Arrangements,
1. The Police and Rescue Forces in the Aden governorate will be responsible for securing the governorate and working on re-organising government forces and STC formations based on the need and security plan. It will choose its members based on qualification and professionalism and will train them. These forces will be associated with the head of security in the governorate and will be numbered at Security Forces associated to the Ministry of Interior within 30 days of signing this Agreement.

Page 4, Appendix 3: Security Arrangements,
2. Re-organising the Special and Counter-Terrorism Forces in the Aden governorate and choosing new members from the legitimate forces and STC formations. They must be trained, a commander appointed and numbered as Security Forces associated with the Interior Ministry, taking into consideration their confidentiality regarding counter-terrorism units (which will take over counter-terrorism operations and contribute to securing Aden) within 30 days of signing this Agreement.

Page 4, Appendix 3: Security Arrangements,
3. Re-organising the forces responsible for protecting the facilities under a united force named (Facility Protection Force) within 30 days of signing this Agreement in accordance with the following:
• The members of the force will be chosen based on the qualifications of the current officers in the current force, in the legitimate forces, or in the STC formations.
• This force will be tasked with the complete protection of the civilian facilities, protection of the government headquarters, central bank, Aden ports, Aden Airport, ministry headquarters and state institutions in Aden.
• This force will be associated with the Interior Ministry and will be numbered as per the Security Forces associated with it.

Page 4, Appendix 3: Security Arrangements,
4. The facility protection force will take over protection of the remaining civilian and vital facilities in the remaining liberated governorates and the Mukalla, Dhabba, Mocha and Balhaf ports within 90 days of signing this Agreement.

Page 4, Appendix 3: Security Arrangements,
5. Uniting and redistributing the security force, numbering them, associating it with the Interior Ministry and issuing the necessary resolutions within 60 days of signing this Agreement.

Page 4, Appendix 3: Security Arrangements,
6. Re-organising the Security Forces in the Abyan and Lahij governorates under the leadership of the Interior Ministry in accordance with the same measures implemented in the Aden governorate within 60 days of signing this Agreement.

Page 4, Appendix 3: Security Arrangements,
7. Re-organising the Security Forces in the rest of the southern governments that are not listed in the Interior Ministry lists under the leadership of the Interior Ministry in accordance with the same measures implemented in the Aden governorate within 90 days of signing this Agreement.

Human rights and equality

Human rights/RoL

No specific mention.

Equality

No specific mention.

Democracy

No specific mention.

Protection measures

Protection of civilians

Page 1,
In confirmation of the Coalition to Support Legitimacy in Yemen’s role, led by the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in responding to the legitimate elected President, Abd Rabbuh Mansur Hadi, to protect Yemen and its people from the continued attacks by the Houthi militia, backed by the Iranian government, and to build on the political, military, security, relief and developmental successes, primarily regaining control of the majority of Yemeni territories;

Page 4, Appendix 3: Security Arrangements,
3. Re-organising the forces responsible for protecting the facilities under a united force named (Facility Protection Force) within 30 days of signing this Agreement in accordance with the following:
...
• This force will be tasked with the complete protection of the civilian facilities, protection of the government headquarters, central bank, Aden ports, Aden Airport, ministry headquarters and state institutions in Aden.

Human rights framework

No specific mention.

Civil and political rights

No specific mention.

Socio-economic rights

No specific mention.

NHRI

No specific mention.

Regional or international human rights institutions

No specific mention.

Mobility/access

No specific mention.

Detention procedures

No specific mention.

Media and communication

Governance of media

Page 1,
5. Ending all offensive media campaigns of all types and by all parties.

Citizenship

Citizenship other

Page 1,
4. Committing to the complete citizenship rights of all Yemeni people, rejecting territorial and doctrinal discrimination and division and discord.

Justice sector reform

Criminal justice and emergency law

No specific mention.

State of emergency provisions

No specific mention.

Judiciary and courts

No specific mention.

Prisons and detention

No specific mention.

Traditional Laws

No specific mention.

Socio-economic reconstruction

Development or socio-economic reconstruction

Socio-economic development

Page 1,
In confirmation of the Coalition to Support Legitimacy in Yemen’s role, led by the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in responding to the legitimate elected President, Abd Rabbuh Mansur Hadi, to protect Yemen and its people from the continued attacks by the Houthi militia, backed by the Iranian government, and to build on the political, military, security, relief and developmental successes, primarily regaining control of the majority of Yemeni territories;

National economic plan

Page 2, Appendix 1: Political and economic arrangements,
5. State resources, including collecting and depositing all state revenues, including oil, tax and customs revenues, in the Central Bank in Aden, spending based on the approved budget, in accordance with Yemeni law and presenting a regular report that is transparent regarding government revenues and spending to the parliament for evaluation and audit, regional and international experts and specialists must contribute and provide necessary advice in this regard.

Page 2, Appendix 1: Political and economic arrangements,
6. Activating the central agency for audit and accountability, enriching it with honest and professional individuals and re-forming the national anti-corruption body and activating its monitoring role.

Page 2, Appendix 1: Political and economic arrangements,
7. Re-forming and activating the Supreme Economic Committee, as well as reinforcing it with qualified, experienced, honest, and independent individuals.

Natural resources

Page 2, Appendix 1: Political and economic arrangements,
5. State resources, including collecting and depositing all state revenues, including oil, tax and customs revenues, in the Central Bank in Aden, spending based on the approved budget, in accordance with Yemeni law and presenting a regular report that is transparent regarding government revenues and spending to the parliament for evaluation and audit, regional and international experts and specialists must contribute and provide necessary advice in this regard.

International funds

No specific mention.

Business

No specific mention.

Taxation

Reform of taxation

Page 2, Appendix 1: Political and economic arrangements,
5. State resources, including collecting and depositing all state revenues, including oil, tax and customs revenues, in the Central Bank in Aden, spending based on the approved budget, in accordance with Yemeni law and presenting a regular report that is transparent regarding government revenues and spending to the parliament for evaluation and audit, regional and international experts and specialists must contribute and provide necessary advice in this regard.

Banks

Central bank

Page 2, Appendix 1: Political and economic arrangements,
5. State resources, including collecting and depositing all state revenues, including oil, tax and customs revenues, in the Central Bank in Aden, spending based on the approved budget, in accordance with Yemeni law and presenting a regular report that is transparent regarding government revenues and spending to the parliament for evaluation and audit, regional and international experts and specialists must contribute and provide necessary advice in this regard.

Page 4, Appendix 3: Security Arrangements,
3. Re-organising the forces responsible for protecting the facilities under a united force named (Facility Protection Force) within 30 days of signing this Agreement in accordance with the following:
• The members of the force will be chosen based on the qualifications of the current officers in the current force, in the legitimate forces, or in the STC formations.
• This force will be tasked with the complete protection of the civilian facilities, protection of the government headquarters, central bank, Aden ports, Aden Airport, ministry headquarters and state institutions in Aden.
• This force will be associated with the Interior Ministry and will be numbered as per the Security Forces associated with it.

Land, property and environment

Land reform/rights

No specific mention.

Pastoralist/nomadism rights

No specific mention.

Cultural heritage

No specific mention.

Environment

No specific mention.

Water or riparian rights or access

No specific mention.

Security sector

Security Guarantees

Page 1,
In confirmation of the Coalition to Support Legitimacy in Yemen’s role, led by the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in responding to the legitimate elected President, Abd Rabbuh Mansur Hadi, to protect Yemen and its people from the continued attacks by the Houthi militia, backed by the Iranian government, and to build on the political, military, security, relief and developmental successes, primarily regaining control of the majority of Yemeni territories;

Page 1,
3. Reorganise the Security Forces under the leadership of the Ministry of Interior, based on the security arrangements outlined in the third appendix of this Agreement.

Page 1,
6. Uniting efforts, under the supervision of the Coalition to Support Legitimacy in Yemen to restore security and stability in Yemen and to confront terrorist organisations.

Ceasefire

No specific mention.

Police

Page 4, Appendix 3: Security Arrangements,
1. The Police and Rescue Forces in the Aden governorate will be responsible for securing the governorate and working on re-organising government forces and STC formations based on the need and security plan. It will choose its members based on qualification and professionalism and will train them. These forces will be associated with the head of security in the governorate and will be numbered at Security Forces associated to the Ministry of Interior within 30 days of signing this Agreement.

Armed forces

Page 3, Appendix 2: Military arrangements,
1. All forces that moved from their original locations and camps towards Aden, Abyan and Shabwa since the beginning of August 2019 will return to their former positions, including all of their members and weapons. They will be replaced by the Security Forces of the local authority in every municipality within 15 days of signing this Agreement.

Page 3, Appendix 2: Military arrangements,
2. Collecting and moving medium and heavy artillery weapons from all military and Security Forces in Aden within 15 days of signing this Agreement to camps inside Aden, determined and supervised by the leadership of the Coalition to Support Legitimacy in Yemen. Such weapons include tanks, armoured vehicles, artillery, thermal missiles and heavy and medium artillery weapons.

Page 3, Appendix 2: Military arrangements,
3. Moving all government Military Forces and STC military formations in Aden municipality to the camps outside of Aden, determined by the leadership of the Coalition to Support Legitimacy in Yemen within 30 days of signing this Agreement. They must also be instructed based on the plans approved and under direct supervision of the leadership of the Coalition to Support Legitimacy in Yemen. This excludes the first brigade, which provides protection to the president. It will be tasked with protecting the presidential palaces, their surroundings and securing the movements of the President. They are also tasked with providing security protection to the STC leadership in Aden, under the supervision of the leadership of the Coalition to Support Legitimacy in Yemen.

Page 3, Appendix 2: Military arrangements,
4. Uniting the Military Forces mentioned in Clause 3, numbering them and adding them to the Defence Ministry, followed by issuing the necessary resolutions and distributing them based on the agreed upon plans under direct supervision of the leadership of the Coalition to Support Legitimacy in Yemen within 60 days of signing this Agreement.

Page 3, Appendix 2: Military arrangements,
5. Re-organising the Military Forces in the Abyan and Lahij governorates under the leadership of the Defence Ministry in accordance with the same measures taken in Aden within 60 days of signing this Agreement.

Page 3, Appendix 2: Military arrangements,
6. Re-organising the Military Forces in the remaining southern governorates under the leadership of the Defence Ministry in accordance with the same measures taken in Aden within 90 days of signing this Agreement.

Page 4, Appendix 3: Security Arrangements,
1. The Police and Rescue Forces in the Aden governorate will be responsible for securing the governorate and working on re-organising government forces and STC formations based on the need and security plan. It will choose its members based on qualification and professionalism and will train them. These forces will be associated with the head of security in the governorate and will be numbered at Security Forces associated to the Ministry of Interior within 30 days of signing this Agreement.

Page 4, Appendix 3: Security Arrangements,
2. Re-organising the Special and Counter-Terrorism Forces in the Aden governorate and choosing new members from the legitimate forces and STC formations. They must be trained, a commander appointed and numbered as Security Forces associated with the Interior Ministry, taking into consideration their confidentiality regarding counter-terrorism units (which will take over counter-terrorism operations and contribute to securing Aden) within 30 days of signing this Agreement.

Page 4, Appendix 3: Security Arrangements,
3. Re-organising the forces responsible for protecting the facilities under a united force named (Facility Protection Force) within 30 days of signing this Agreement in accordance with the following:
• The members of the force will be chosen based on the qualifications of the current officers in the current force, in the legitimate forces, or in the STC formations.
• This force will be tasked with the complete protection of the civilian facilities, protection of the government headquarters, central bank, Aden ports, Aden Airport, ministry headquarters and state institutions in Aden.
• This force will be associated with the Interior Ministry and will be numbered as per the Security Forces associated with it.

Page 4, Appendix 3: Security Arrangements,
4. The facility protection force will take over protection of the remaining civilian and vital facilities in the remaining liberated governorates and the Mukalla, Dhabba, Mocha and Balhaf ports within 90 days of signing this Agreement.

Page 4, Appendix 3: Security Arrangements,
5. Uniting and redistributing the security force, numbering them, associating it with the Interior Ministry and issuing the necessary resolutions within 60 days of signing this Agreement.

Page 4, Appendix 3: Security Arrangements,
6. Re-organising the Security Forces in the Abyan and Lahij governorates under the leadership of the Interior Ministry in accordance with the same measures implemented in the Aden governorate within 60 days of signing this Agreement.

Page 4, Appendix 3: Security Arrangements,
7. Re-organising the Security Forces in the rest of the southern governments that are not listed in the Interior Ministry lists under the leadership of the Interior Ministry in accordance with the same measures implemented in the Aden governorate within 90 days of signing this Agreement.

DDR

Demilitarisation provisions

Page 3, Appendix 2: Military arrangements,
1. All forces that moved from their original locations and camps towards Aden, Abyan and Shabwa since the beginning of August 2019 will return to their former positions, including all of their members and weapons. They will be replaced by the Security Forces of the local authority in every municipality within 15 days of signing this Agreement.

Page 3, Appendix 2: Military arrangements,
2. Collecting and moving medium and heavy artillery weapons from all military and Security Forces in Aden within 15 days of signing this Agreement to camps inside Aden, determined and supervised by the leadership of the Coalition to Support Legitimacy in Yemen. Such weapons include tanks, armoured vehicles, artillery, thermal missiles and heavy and medium artillery weapons.

Intelligence services

No specific mention.

Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces

Page 3, Appendix 2: Military arrangements,
3. Moving all government Military Forces and STC military formations in Aden municipality to the camps outside of Aden, determined by the leadership of the Coalition to Support Legitimacy in Yemen within 30 days of signing this Agreement. They must also be instructed based on the plans approved and under direct supervision of the leadership of the Coalition to Support Legitimacy in Yemen. This excludes the first brigade, which provides protection to the president. It will be tasked with protecting the presidential palaces, their surroundings and securing the movements of the President. They are also tasked with providing security protection to the STC leadership in Aden, under the supervision of the leadership of the Coalition to Support Legitimacy in Yemen.

Page 4, Appendix 3: Security Arrangements,
1. The Police and Rescue Forces in the Aden governorate will be responsible for securing the governorate and working on re-organising government forces and STC formations based on the need and security plan. It will choose its members based on qualification and professionalism and will train them. These forces will be associated with the head of security in the governorate and will be numbered at Security Forces associated to the Ministry of Interior within 30 days of signing this Agreement.

Page 4, Appendix 3: Security Arrangements,
2. Re-organising the Special and Counter-Terrorism Forces in the Aden governorate and choosing new members from the legitimate forces and STC formations. They must be trained, a commander appointed and numbered as Security Forces associated with the Interior Ministry, taking into consideration their confidentiality regarding counterterrorism units (which will take over counter-terrorism operations and contribute to securing Aden) within 30 days of signing this Agreement.

Page 4, Appendix 3: Security Arrangements,
3. Re-organising the forces responsible for protecting the facilities under a united force named (Facility Protection Force) within 30 days of signing this Agreement in accordance with the following:
• The members of the force will be chosen based on the qualifications of the current officers in the current force, in the legitimate forces, or in the STC formations.
• This force will be tasked with the complete protection of the civilian facilities, protection of the government headquarters, central bank, Aden ports, Aden Airport, ministry headquarters and state institutions in Aden.
• This force will be associated with the Interior Ministry and will be numbered as per the Security Forces associated with it.

Withdrawal of foreign forces

No specific mention.

Corruption

Page 2, Appendix 1: Political and economic arrangements,
5. State resources, including collecting and depositing all state revenues, including oil, tax and customs revenues, in the Central Bank in Aden, spending based on the approved budget, in accordance with Yemeni law and presenting a regular report that is transparent regarding government revenues and spending to the parliament for evaluation and audit, regional and international experts and specialists must contribute and provide necessary advice in this regard.

Page 2, Appendix 1: Political and economic arrangements,
6. Activating the central agency for audit and accountability, enriching it with honest and professional individuals and re-forming the national anti-corruption body and activating its monitoring role.

Page 2, Appendix 1: Political and economic arrangements,
7. Re-forming and activating the Supreme Economic Committee, as well as reinforcing it with qualified, experienced, honest, and independent individuals. The committee will be associated with the Prime Minister to support financial policies and combat corruption.

Crime/organised crime

No specific mention.

Drugs

No specific mention.

Terrorism

Page 1,
6. Uniting efforts, under the supervision of the Coalition to Support Legitimacy in Yemen to restore security and stability in Yemen and to confront terrorist organisations.

Page 4, Appendix 3: Security Arrangements,
2. Re-organising the Special and Counter-Terrorism Forces in the Aden governorate and choosing new members from the legitimate forces and STC formations. They must be trained, a commander appointed and numbered as Security Forces associated with the Interior Ministry, taking into consideration their confidentiality regarding counter-terrorism units (which will take over counter-terrorism operations and contribute to securing Aden) within 30 days of signing this Agreement.

Transitional justice

Transitional justice general

No specific mention.

Amnesty/pardon

No specific mention.

Courts

No specific mention.

Mechanism

No specific mention.

Prisoner release

No specific mention.

Vetting

Page 2, Appendix 1: Political and economic arrangements.
1. Formation of a technocratic government with no more than 24 ministers. The President will appoint its members after deliberation with the Prime Minister and political components. The ministerial portfolios must be equally distributed between the southern and northern municipalities. The government formation must be carried out within 30 days after signing this Agreement. Those chosen must be proven to be honest, qualified and possess experience relevant to the ministerial portfolio, as well as not have been involved in any combat or inciting activities during the Aden, Abyan and Shabwa incidents.

Victims

No specific mention.

Missing persons

No specific mention.

Reparations

No specific mention.

Reconciliation

No specific mention.

Implementation

UN signatory

No specific mention.

Other international signatory

No specific mention.

Referendum for agreement

No specific mention.

International mission/force/similar

No specific mention.

Enforcement mechanism

Page 1,
7. Forming a committee under the supervision of the Coalition to Support Legitimacy in Yemen, led by the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, specialising in monitoring, executing and implementing the provisions of this Agreement and its appendices.