The Resolutions and Recommendations of Dinka Malual, Misseriya and Rezeigat Pre and Post Migration Peace Conference
- Country/entity
-
South Sudan
Sudan - Region
-
Africa (excl MENA)
- Agreement name
- The Resolutions and Recommendations of Dinka Malual, Misseriya and Rezeigat Pre and Post Migration Peace Conference
- Date
- 17 Mar 2024
- Agreement status
- Multiparty signed/agreed
- Interim arrangement
- Yes
- Agreement/conflict level
- Intrastate/local conflict
- Stage
- Framework/substantive - partial
- Conflict nature
- Inter-group
- Peace process
- South Sudan: Post-secession Local agreements
- Parties
-
Dinka Malual Representatives:
1. Peter Makuac Makuac - Head of chiefs
2. Garang Rual Deng - Executive Chief
3. Ajou Luol Akuei - Peace Committee Court Chairperson
4. Yel Aguer Geng - Executive Chief
5. Akec Ken Kuac - Paramount chief
6. Atak Bak Mou - Paramount
Misseriya Representatives:
1. Adam Ahmed Hamad - Ameer
2. Ahmed Mareeg Mohammed - Omda
3. Hamid Mohammed Musa - Omda
4. Yasien Bakhit Mohammed - Omda
5. El-hereega Mohammed Iesa - Omda
6. El Mahadi Ahmed el Dudu - Omda
7. Abdelmahmud Mohammed Abdelmahmud - Omda
8. Magbul abdelrahman Mohammed - Omda
9. Abdelrahman Ibrahim - Omda - Third parties
-
Agreement witnessed by:
1. William Kolong Pioth - Regional Peace Coordinator
2. Stephen Mawien Mou - Concordis- international project manager
3. Ma. Inecita Montero - UNMISS CAD
4. William Nyon Dut - Civil Society
5. Baker Abdeljelel Baker - Description
- A inter-communal conference which is set in the context of ethnic groups and communities needs to address pastoralist rights and anti-discrimination measures for some nomadic/pastoralist groups, particularly around security during migration of cattle and previous cycles of cattle related violence. Much of the agreement uses traditional law and community-led civil society governance mechanisms, including provisions for traditional leaders and Joint Border Peace Committees ensuring non-violence, business and trade for border and pastoralist communities between Sudan and South Sudan. There are also strong land management and transitional justice elements to the provisions in the agreement as part of local grievances, in addressing previous patterns of crime and violence around cattle movement.
- Agreement document
- SS_SD_240317_The Resolutions and Recommendations of Dinka Malual, Misseriya and Rezeigat (opens in new tab) | Download PDF
- Source of document
https://www.undp.org/africa/news/revamping-africas-informal-cross-border-trade-aftermath-covid-19-through-private-sector-led-impact-funding#:~:text=In%20the%20Agrarian%20Warawar%20region,provided%20innovative%20ways%20for%20business
https://www.cmi.no/file/2290-Crossing-the-Line-Final-Report.pdf
Groups
- Children/youth
- Groups→Children/youth→RhetoricalThe Recommendations of the conference:...2. The delegates also recommended that youth must be encouraged to participate in peace conference and allow them to interact freely to practice cultural festivals and sport activities for peace and social cohesion between the two communities;3. The delegates requested peace partners to establish joint vocational training centers to give life skills training to the youth along the borders.
- Disabled persons
No specific mention.
- Elderly/age
No specific mention.
- Migrant workers
No specific mention.
- Racial/ethnic/national group
- Groups→Racial/ethnic/national group→RhetoricalThe Recommendations of the conference:...5. The similar peace conferences between Dinka Malual and Missiiriya should be replicated in the neighboring states such as Twic, Gogrial and Abyei Administrative Area;Groups→Racial/ethnic/national group→Anti-discriminationThe Resolutions of the Conference:...6. When the Misseriya pastoralists are in the territory of South Sudan, the safety and security of Misseriya pastoralists/nomads during the cattle migration season must be the responsibility of the government of South Sudan especially the hosting State...11. The conference asked host community and Misseriya nomads to share the existing water and pastures resources along the cattle migration routes without discrimination and hindrances12. The conference urged the bordering communities to allow participation of women of Dinka Malual and Misseriya to participate in peace conferences13. The conference recommends that taxation should be regulated in order to shun multiple and heavy taxes on Misseriya goods...18. The delegates agreed to use the provisions of the local agreements signed between the two communities for settlement of issues in joint courts neutrally and without discrimination....The Recommendations of the conference:...6. Misseriya pastoralists and peace committee members should be exempted from migration fees;Groups→Racial/ethnic/national group→SubstantiveThe Resolutions of the Conference:...16. If a Misseriyia or Dinka Malual murder a person and she/her is not found but suspected to be from Dinka Malual or Misseriyia side, then the chief/Omda of that clan or close relative of that suspect must be arrested until he/she brings that culprit to justice and a fine of SSP 200,000 or its equivalent to Sudanese Pounds.The process of arrest of the culprit must be the responsibility of the Joint Border Peace Committees.Groups→Racial/ethnic/national group→OtherThe Resolutions of the Conference:...9. Misseriya pastoralists should follow the designated season cattle migration routes agreed in the this peace agreements, (Machar Akoon, Majok Yinh Thiou, Warguet and Rumaker, Yinh Pabol),10. The conference urged the chiefs along the designated cattle migration routes to cooperate with Misseriya pastoralists during the migration season, and work together to resolve issues arising during that particular migration season....20. Any business deal between two people should not involving anyone from the clan member unless he/she was a party to the agreement or guarantor.
- Religious groups
No specific mention.
- Indigenous people
No specific mention.
- Other groups
No specific mention.
- Refugees/displaced persons
No specific mention.
- Social class
No specific mention.
Gender
- Women, girls and gender
- The Resolutions of the Conference:...3. In an event of rape case, he/she who commit rape case should be arrested, investigated and punished according to the law of the country in which the incident occurred, and will have to pay 10 heads of cattle, 6 heifers and 4 bulls, and a fine of two hundred thousand South Sudanese (200,000) or its equivalent in Sudanese Pounds....12. The conference urged the bordering communities to allow participation of women of Dinka Malual and Misseriya to participate in peace conferences
- Men and boys
No specific mention.
- LGBTI
No specific mention.
- Family
- The Resolutions of the Conference:...17. Issues related to killing and looting along the migration routes and business corridors should be dealt with particular fraternity who's their next of kin committed the crimes in either sides of the communities.
State definition
- Nature of state (general)
No specific mention.
- State configuration
No specific mention.
- Self determination
No specific mention.
- Referendum
No specific mention.
- State symbols
No specific mention.
- Independence/secession
No specific mention.
- Accession/unification
No specific mention.
- Border delimitation
No specific mention.
- Cross-border provision
No specific mention.
Governance
- Political institutions (new or reformed)
No specific mention.
- Elections
No specific mention.
- Electoral commission
No specific mention.
- Political parties reform
No specific mention.
- Civil society
- The Resolutions of the Conference:...16. If a Misseriyia or Dinka Malual murder a person and she/her is not found but suspected to be from Dinka Malual or Misseriyia side, then the chief/Omda of that clan or close relative of that suspect must be arrested until he/she brings that culprit to justice and a fine of SSP 200,000 or its equivalent to Sudanese Pounds.The process of arrest of the culprit must be the responsibility of the Joint Border Peace Committees....18. The delegates agreed to use the provisions of the local agreements signed between the two communities for settlement of issues in joint courts neutrally and without discrimination.19. The delegates agreed to not arrest any member of the joint border peace committee without proper investigation and without knowledge of the joint border peace committee office....21. Any member of the joint border peace committee should from immune from arrest without thorough investigation and notice to the chairperson of joint border peace committee.The Recommendations of the conference:1. The delegates recommended continuation of peace conferences between two communities and respect the agreement sign2. The delegates also recommended that youth must be encouraged to participate in peace conference and allow them to interact freely to practice cultural festivals and sport activities for peace and social cohesion between the two communities;3. The delegates requested peace partners to establish joint vocational training centers to give life skills training to the youth along the borders....7. Joint Border Peace Committees should conduct exchange visits between three sisterly States of Northern Bahr El Ghazal, Eastern Darfur and Western Kordufan.8. Peace Partners should continue to provide training to members of Joint Border Committees to build their capacities on conflict resolutions and negotiation skills....12. Peace partners from Sudanese side to train the members of Joint Border Peace Committee from the other side on early warning, early response and conflict transformation.13. The JBPC from Misseriya side should continue engaging the government of Sudan from all the levels to support this peace process.
- Traditional/religious leaders
- The Resolutions of the Conference:...10. The conference urged the chiefs along the designated cattle migration routes to cooperate with Misseriya pastoralists during the migration season, and work together to resolve issues arising during that particular migration season....16. If a Misseriyia or Dinka Malual murder a person and she/her is not found but suspected to be from Dinka Malual or Misseriyia side, then the chief/Omda of that clan or close relative of that suspect must be arrested until he/she brings that culprit to justice and a fine of SSP 200,000 or its equivalent to Sudanese Pounds.The process of arrest of the culprit must be the responsibility of the Joint Border Peace Committees....18. The delegates agreed to use the provisions of the local agreements signed between the two communities for settlement of issues in joint courts neutrally and without discrimination.19. The delegates agreed to not arrest any member of the joint border peace committee without proper investigation and without knowledge of the joint border peace committee office....21. Any member of the joint border peace committee should from immune from arrest without thorough investigation and notice to the chairperson of joint border peace committee.The Recommendations of the conference:1. The delegates recommended continuation of peace conferences between two communities and respect the agreement sign2. The delegates also recommended that youth must be encouraged to participate in peace conference and allow them to interact freely to practice cultural festivals and sport activities for peace and social cohesion between the two communities;3. The delegates requested peace partners to establish joint vocational training centers to give life skills training to the youth along the borders....7. Joint Border Peace Committees should conduct exchange visits between three sisterly States of Northern Bahr El Ghazal, Eastern Darfur and Western Kordufan.8. Peace Partners should continue to provide training to members of Joint Border Committees to build their capacities on conflict resolutions and negotiation skills....12. Peace partners from Sudanese side to train the members of Joint Border Peace Committee from the other side on early warning, early response and conflict transformation.13. The JBPC from Misseriya side should continue engaging the government of Sudan from all the levels to support this peace process.
- Public administration
No specific mention.
- Constitution
No specific mention.
Power sharing
- Political power sharing
No specific mention.
- Territorial power sharing
No specific mention.
- Economic power sharing
No specific mention.
- Military power sharing
No specific mention.
Human rights and equality
- Human rights/RoL general
- The Resolutions of the Conference:...3. In an event of rape case, he/she who commit rape case should be arrested, investigated and punished according to the law of the country in which the incident occurred, and will have to pay 10 heads of cattle, 6 heifers and 4 bulls, and a fine of two hundred thousand South Sudanese (200,000) or its equivalent in Sudanese Pounds....14. Possessing of firearms is forbidden:therefore, any person found possessing firearms, ammunitions or military related materials in the territory of Republic of South Sudan must be arrested and subjected to legal procedures in accordance to South Sudanese civil and military laws based on the identity of individual found.
- Bill of rights/similar
No specific mention.
- Treaty incorporation
No specific mention.
- Civil and political rights
No specific mention.
- Socio-economic rights
No specific mention.
Rights related issues
- Citizenship
No specific mention.
- Democracy
No specific mention.
- Detention procedures
- The Resolutions of the Conference:...5. To reduce cattle or property theft, any criminal who steals a cattle, sheep, goat, donkey and etc. must be arrested by the police depending on the location of the incident and forced to return the stolen property to their owners and be jailed for a period of 1 year and should be fine with amount of SSP 200,000 (Two hundred thousand South Sudanese Pounds or its equivalent in Sudanese Pounds.
- Media and communication
- Rights related issues→Media and communication→OtherThe Recommendations of the conference:...9. The agreement should be disseminated to the two communities.
- Mobility/access
No specific mention.
- Protection measures
- Rights related issues→Protection measures→Protection of groupsThe Resolutions of the Conference:...6. When the Misseriya pastoralists are in the territory of South Sudan, the safety and security of Misseriya pastoralists/nomads during the cattle migration season must be the responsibility of the government of South Sudan especially the hosting State
- Other
No specific mention.
Rights institutions
- NHRI
No specific mention.
- Regional or international human rights institutions
No specific mention.
Justice sector reform
- Criminal justice and emergency law
No specific mention.
- State of emergency provisions
No specific mention.
- Judiciary and courts
No specific mention.
- Prisons and detention
No specific mention.
- Traditional Laws
- The Resolutions of the Conference:1. In the incident of murder, the value of compensating the blood or life lost must be 41 head of cattle (21 heifers and 20 bulls), and fine of 200,000 (Two hundred thousand South Sudanese or its equivalent in Sudanese Pounds.2. In case of any incident when the person wounded, whose part of the body is injured by a gun, must be compensated with 20 head of cattle (11 heifers and 9 bulls) and a fine of SSP 200, 000 (two hundred thousand South Sudanese or its equivalent in Sudanese pounds.3. In an event of rape case, he/she who commit rape case should be arrested, investigated and punished according to the law of the country in which the incident occurred, and will have to pay 10 heads of cattle, 6 heifers and 4 bulls, and a fine of two hundred thousand South Sudanese (200,000) or its equivalent in Sudanese Pounds.4. In case of anyone committing adultery, the criminal must be ordered to pay seven (7) head of cattle (4 heifers and 3 bulls) and a fine of two hundred thousand South Sudanese (200,000) or its equivalent in Sudanese Pounds.5. To reduce cattle or property theft, any criminal who steals a cattle, sheep, goat, donkey and etc. must be arrested by the police depending on the location of the incident and forced to return the stolen property to their owners and be jailed for a period of 1 year and should be fine with amount of SSP 200,000 (Two hundred thousand South Sudanese Pounds or its equivalent in Sudanese Pounds....7. Burning of bushes is prohibited, and anybody who would cause bushfire to degrade the vegetation must be arrested and ordered to pay the loses caused by the bushfire and fine with thirty thousand South Sudanese pounds (100,000) or its equivalent in Sudanese Pounds8. Cutting down the trees is proscribed by the government of South Sudan.Therefore, any person found cutting down fruits, edible and non-edible trees must be arrested and fine with fifty thousand South Sudanese pounds (150,000) or its equivalent in Sudanese Pounds....16. If a Misseriyia or Dinka Malual murder a person and she/her is not found but suspected to be from Dinka Malual or Misseriyia side, then the chief/Omda of that clan or close relative of that suspect must be arrested until he/she brings that culprit to justice and a fine of SSP 200,000 or its equivalent to Sudanese Pounds.The process of arrest of the culprit must be the responsibility of the Joint Border Peace Committees.
Socio-economic reconstruction
- Development or socio-economic reconstruction
- Socio-economic reconstruction→Development or socio-economic reconstruction→Socio-economic developmentThe Recommendations of the conference:...10. UN agencies and peace Partners should establish Peace Support Funds to help border communities fund social services such as provision of clean water, health and education services.
- National economic plan
No specific mention.
- Natural resources
No specific mention.
- International funds
- The Recommendations of the conference:...10. UN agencies and peace Partners should establish Peace Support Funds to help border communities fund social services such as provision of clean water, health and education services.
- Business
- The Resolutions of the Conference:...15. The conference requested the Government of South Sudan to increase the peace dividends to JBPC up to 30% of the taxes collected at border markets to support the peace process and ease the work of the JBPC along the border between Sudan and South Sudan.The same thing should be replicated by the Sudanese government to support the work of JBPC and peace process....20. Any business deal between two people should not involving anyone from the clan member unless he/she was a party to the agreement or guarantor....The Recommendations of the conference:...4. Trade should be improved with emphasis on security provision and tax reduction;
- Taxation
- Socio-economic reconstruction→Taxation→Reform of taxationThe Resolutions of the Conference:...13. The conference recommends that taxation should be regulated in order to shun multiple and heavy taxes on Misseriya goods...15. The conference requested the Government of South Sudan to increase the peace dividends to JBPC up to 30% of the taxes collected at border markets to support the peace process and ease the work of the JBPC along the border between Sudan and South Sudan.The same thing should be replicated by the Sudanese government to support the work of JBPC and peace process....The Recommendations of the conference:...4. Trade should be improved with emphasis on security provision and tax reduction;
- Banks
No specific mention.
Land, property and environment
- Land reform/rights
- Land, property and environment→Land reform/rights→Land reform and managementThe Resolutions of the Conference:...Therefore, any person found cutting down fruits, edible and non-edible trees must be arrested and fine with fifty thousand South Sudanese pounds (150,000) or its equivalent in Sudanese Pounds.Land, property and environment→Land reform/rights→Property return and restitutionThe Resolutions of the Conference:...5. To reduce cattle or property theft, any criminal who steals a cattle, sheep, goat, donkey and etc. must be arrested by the police depending on the location of the incident and forced to return the stolen property to their owners and be jailed for a period of 1 year and should be fine with amount of SSP 200,000 (Two hundred thousand South Sudanese Pounds or its equivalent in Sudanese Pounds.
- Pastoralist/nomadism rights
- The Resolutions of the Conference:...5. To reduce cattle or property theft, any criminal who steals a cattle, sheep, goat, donkey and etc. must be arrested by the police depending on the location of the incident and forced to return the stolen property to their owners and be jailed for a period of 1 year and should be fine with amount of SSP 200,000 (Two hundred thousand South Sudanese Pounds or its equivalent in Sudanese Pounds.6. When the Misseriya pastoralists are in the territory of South Sudan, the safety and security of Misseriya pastoralists/nomads during the cattle migration season must be the responsibility of the government of South Sudan especially the hosting State7. Burning of bushes is prohibited, and anybody who would cause bushfire to degrade the vegetation must be arrested and ordered to pay the loses caused by the bushfire and fine with thirty thousand South Sudanese pounds (100,000) or its equivalent in Sudanese Pounds8. Cutting down the trees is proscribed by the government of South Sudan.Therefore, any person found cutting down fruits, edible and non-edible trees must be arrested and fine with fifty thousand South Sudanese pounds (150,000) or its equivalent in Sudanese Pounds.9. Misseriya pastoralists should follow the designated season cattle migration routes agreed in the this peace agreements, (Machar Akoon, Majok Yinh Thiou, Warguet and Rumaker, Yinh Pabol),10. The conference urged the chiefs along the designated cattle migration routes to cooperate with Misseriya pastoralists during the migration season, and work together to resolve issues arising during that particular migration season.11. The conference asked host community and Misseriya nomads to share the existing water and pastures resources along the cattle migration routes without discrimination and hindrances12. The conference urged the bordering communities to allow participation of women of Dinka Malual and Misseriya to participate in peace conferences13. The conference recommends that taxation should be regulated in order to shun multiple and heavy taxes on Misseriya goods...15. The conference requested the Government of South Sudan to increase the peace dividends to JBPC up to 30% of the taxes collected at border markets to support the peace process and ease the work of the JBPC along the border between Sudan and South Sudan.The same thing should be replicated by the Sudanese government to support the work of JBPC and peace process.16. If a Misseriyia or Dinka Malual murder a person and she/her is not found but suspected to be from Dinka Malual or Misseriyia side, then the chief/Omda of that clan or close relative of that suspect must be arrested until he/she brings that culprit to justice and a fine of SSP 200,000 or its equivalent to Sudanese Pounds.The process of arrest of the culprit must be the responsibility of the Joint Border Peace Committees.17. Issues related to killing and looting along the migration routes and business corridors should be dealt with particular fraternity who's their next of kin committed the crimes in either sides of the communities.18. The delegates agreed to use the provisions of the local agreements signed between the two communities for settlement of issues in joint courts neutrally and without discrimination....20. Any business deal between two people should not involving anyone from the clan member unless he/she was a party to the agreement or guarantor.21. Any member of the joint border peace committee should from immune from arrest without thorough investigation and notice to the chairperson of joint border peace committee.The Recommendations of the conference:...6. Misseriya pastoralists and peace committee members should be exempted from migration fees;
- Cultural heritage
- Land, property and environment→Cultural heritage→IntangibleThe Recommendations of the conference:...2. The delegates also recommended that youth must be encouraged to participate in peace conference and allow them to interact freely to practice cultural festivals and sport activities for peace and social cohesion between the two communities;
- Environment
- The Resolutions of the Conference:...7. Burning of bushes is prohibited, and anybody who would cause bushfire to degrade the vegetation must be arrested and ordered to pay the loses caused by the bushfire and fine with thirty thousand South Sudanese pounds (100,000) or its equivalent in Sudanese Pounds8. Cutting down the trees is proscribed by the government of South Sudan.
- Water or riparian rights or access
- The Resolutions of the Conference:...11. The conference asked host community and Misseriya nomads to share the existing water and pastures resources along the cattle migration routes without discrimination and hindrances...The Recommendations of the conference:...10. UN agencies and peace Partners should establish Peace Support Funds to help border communities fund social services such as provision of clean water, health and education services.
Security sector
- Security Guarantees
- The Resolutions of the Conference:...6. When the Misseriya pastoralists are in the territory of South Sudan, the safety and security of Misseriya pastoralists/nomads during the cattle migration season must be the responsibility of the government of South Sudan especially the hosting State...14. Possessing of firearms is forbidden:therefore, any person found possessing firearms, ammunitions or military related materials in the territory of Republic of South Sudan must be arrested and subjected to legal procedures in accordance to South Sudanese civil and military laws based on the identity of individual found....The Recommendations of the conference:...4. Trade should be improved with emphasis on security provision and tax reduction;
- Ceasefire
No specific mention.
- Police
- The Resolutions of the Conference:...3. In an event of rape case, he/she who commit rape case should be arrested, investigated and punished according to the law of the country in which the incident occurred, and will have to pay 10 heads of cattle, 6 heifers and 4 bulls, and a fine of two hundred thousand South Sudanese (200,000) or its equivalent in Sudanese Pounds....5. To reduce cattle or property theft, any criminal who steals a cattle, sheep, goat, donkey and etc. must be arrested by the police depending on the location of the incident and forced to return the stolen property to their owners and be jailed for a period of 1 year and should be fine with amount of SSP 200,000 (Two hundred thousand South Sudanese Pounds or its equivalent in Sudanese Pounds....7. Burning of bushes is prohibited, and anybody who would cause bushfire to degrade the vegetation must be arrested and ordered to pay the loses caused by the bushfire and fine with thirty thousand South Sudanese pounds (100,000) or its equivalent in Sudanese Pounds8. Cutting down the trees is proscribed by the government of South Sudan.Therefore, any person found cutting down fruits, edible and non-edible trees must be arrested and fine with fifty thousand South Sudanese pounds (150,000) or its equivalent in Sudanese Pounds....14. Possessing of firearms is forbidden:therefore, any person found possessing firearms, ammunitions or military related materials in the territory of Republic of South Sudan must be arrested and subjected to legal procedures in accordance to South Sudanese civil and military laws based on the identity of individual found....21. Any member of the joint border peace committee should from immune from arrest without thorough investigation and notice to the chairperson of joint border peace committee.
- Armed forces
No specific mention.
- DDR
No specific mention.
- Intelligence services
No specific mention.
- Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces
No specific mention.
- Withdrawal of foreign forces
No specific mention.
- Corruption
No specific mention.
- Crime/organised crime
- The Resolutions of the Conference:1. In the incident of murder, the value of compensating the blood or life lost must be 41 head of cattle (21 heifers and 20 bulls), and fine of 200,000 (Two hundred thousand South Sudanese or its equivalent in Sudanese Pounds.2. In case of any incident when the person wounded, whose part of the body is injured by a gun, must be compensated with 20 head of cattle (11 heifers and 9 bulls) and a fine of SSP 200, 000 (two hundred thousand South Sudanese or its equivalent in Sudanese pounds.3. In an event of rape case, he/she who commit rape case should be arrested, investigated and punished according to the law of the country in which the incident occurred, and will have to pay 10 heads of cattle, 6 heifers and 4 bulls, and a fine of two hundred thousand South Sudanese (200,000) or its equivalent in Sudanese Pounds.4. In case of anyone committing adultery, the criminal must be ordered to pay seven (7) head of cattle (4 heifers and 3 bulls) and a fine of two hundred thousand South Sudanese (200,000) or its equivalent in Sudanese Pounds.5. To reduce cattle or property theft, any criminal who steals a cattle, sheep, goat, donkey and etc. must be arrested by the police depending on the location of the incident and forced to return the stolen property to their owners and be jailed for a period of 1 year and should be fine with amount of SSP 200,000 (Two hundred thousand South Sudanese Pounds or its equivalent in Sudanese Pounds....7. Burning of bushes is prohibited, and anybody who would cause bushfire to degrade the vegetation must be arrested and ordered to pay the loses caused by the bushfire and fine with thirty thousand South Sudanese pounds (100,000) or its equivalent in Sudanese Pounds8. Cutting down the trees is proscribed by the government of South Sudan.Therefore, any person found cutting down fruits, edible and non-edible trees must be arrested and fine with fifty thousand South Sudanese pounds (150,000) or its equivalent in Sudanese Pounds....14. Possessing of firearms is forbidden:therefore, any person found possessing firearms, ammunitions or military related materials in the territory of Republic of South Sudan must be arrested and subjected to legal procedures in accordance to South Sudanese civil and military laws based on the identity of individual found....16. If a Misseriyia or Dinka Malual murder a person and she/her is not found but suspected to be from Dinka Malual or Misseriyia side, then the chief/Omda of that clan or close relative of that suspect must be arrested until he/she brings that culprit to justice and a fine of SSP 200,000 or its equivalent to Sudanese Pounds.The process of arrest of the culprit must be the responsibility of the Joint Border Peace Committees.17. Issues related to killing and looting along the migration routes and business corridors should be dealt with particular fraternity who's their next of kin committed the crimes in either sides of the communities.
- Drugs
No specific mention.
- Terrorism
No specific mention.
Transitional justice
- Transitional justice general
No specific mention.
- Amnesty/pardon
No specific mention.
- Courts
- The Resolutions of the Conference:...18. The delegates agreed to use the provisions of the local agreements signed between the two communities for settlement of issues in joint courts neutrally and without discrimination.
- Mechanism
No specific mention.
- Prisoner release
No specific mention.
- Vetting
No specific mention.
- Victims
No specific mention.
- Missing persons
No specific mention.
- Reparations
- Transitional justice→Reparations→Material reparationsThe Resolutions of the Conference:1. In the incident of murder, the value of compensating the blood or life lost must be 41 head of cattle (21 heifers and 20 bulls), and fine of 200,000 (Two hundred thousand South Sudanese or its equivalent in Sudanese Pounds.2. In case of any incident when the person wounded, whose part of the body is injured by a gun, must be compensated with 20 head of cattle (11 heifers and 9 bulls) and a fine of SSP 200, 000 (two hundred thousand South Sudanese or its equivalent in Sudanese pounds.3. In an event of rape case, he/she who commit rape case should be arrested, investigated and punished according to the law of the country in which the incident occurred, and will have to pay 10 heads of cattle, 6 heifers and 4 bulls, and a fine of two hundred thousand South Sudanese (200,000) or its equivalent in Sudanese Pounds.4. In case of anyone committing adultery, the criminal must be ordered to pay seven (7) head of cattle (4 heifers and 3 bulls) and a fine of two hundred thousand South Sudanese (200,000) or its equivalent in Sudanese Pounds.5. To reduce cattle or property theft, any criminal who steals a cattle, sheep, goat, donkey and etc. must be arrested by the police depending on the location of the incident and forced to return the stolen property to their owners and be jailed for a period of 1 year and should be fine with amount of SSP 200,000 (Two hundred thousand South Sudanese Pounds or its equivalent in Sudanese Pounds....7. Burning of bushes is prohibited, and anybody who would cause bushfire to degrade the vegetation must be arrested and ordered to pay the loses caused by the bushfire and fine with thirty thousand South Sudanese pounds (100,000) or its equivalent in Sudanese Pounds8. Cutting down the trees is proscribed by the government of South Sudan.Therefore, any person found cutting down fruits, edible and non-edible trees must be arrested and fine with fifty thousand South Sudanese pounds (150,000) or its equivalent in Sudanese Pounds....16. If a Misseriyia or Dinka Malual murder a person and she/her is not found but suspected to be from Dinka Malual or Misseriyia side, then the chief/Omda of that clan or close relative of that suspect must be arrested until he/she brings that culprit to justice and a fine of SSP 200,000 or its equivalent to Sudanese Pounds.The process of arrest of the culprit must be the responsibility of the Joint Border Peace Committees.
- Reconciliation
No specific mention.
Implementation
- UN signatory
- Signatories...3. Ma. Inecita Montero - UNMISS CAD
- Other international signatory
- Signatories...2. Stephen Mawien Mou - Concordis- international project manager
- Referendum for agreement
No specific mention.
- International mission/force/similar
No specific mention.
- Enforcement mechanism
No specific mention.
Source agreement
The Resolutions and Recommendations of Dinka Malual, Misseriya and Rezeigat Pre and Post Migration Peace Conference
Held at Aweil Grand Hotel, Aweil Town
Northern Bahr El Ghazal State
The Republic of South Sudan
From:
13th to 17th March 2024
Preamble:
We applaud the President of the Republic of South Sudan H.E Gen. Salva Kiir Mayardit and Governor of Northern Bahr el Ghazal State H.E Governor Tong Akeen Ngor for their continuous support for peaceful co-existence between the Dinka Malual in the Republic of South Sudan, Misseriya and Rezeigat in the Republic of Sudan.
Taught by our devastating experiences of consecutive civil wars heavily paid for by both communities under the united Sudan, revenge and targeting killing committed
Reminded of our common border, shared resources, friendship and geographical proximity,
Mindful of our historical bonds, and ancestral linkages, independence and benefit of peace and cooperation,
Necessitated by our mutual needs for water, pasture, trade and fishing;
Aggravated by political manipulation and incitement,
Encouraged and supported by political will of the government of South Sudan
Grateful to the logistical and financial support by Concordis International, UNMISS, UNDP, VSF, CIPAD, HOPE AFRICA and government of Northern Bahr el Ghazal State.
We, the delegates representing Dinka Malual and Misseriya and Rezeigat communities met on 13th -17th March 2024 to review, discuss and deliberate previous resolutions and recommendations of the 2024 Pre-Migration peace conference and new emerging issues in this 2024 Pre and Post Migration Peace Conference.
After lengthy discussions and deliberations, the delegates unanimously agreed on the following resolutions and recommendations:-
The Resolutions of the Conference:
1. In the incident of murder, the value of compensating the blood or life lost must be 41 head of cattle (21 heifers and 20 bulls), and fine of 200,000 (Two hundred thousand South Sudanese or its equivalent in Sudanese Pounds.
2. In case of any incident when the person wounded, whose part of the body is injured by a gun, must be compensated with 20 head of cattle (11 heifers and 9 bulls) and a fine of SSP 200, 000 (two hundred thousand South Sudanese or its equivalent in Sudanese pounds.
3. In an event of rape case, he/she who commit rape case should be arrested, investigated and punished according to the law of the country in which the incident occurred, and will have to pay 10 heads of cattle, 6 heifers and 4 bulls, and a fine of two hundred thousand South Sudanese (200,000) or its equivalent in Sudanese Pounds.
4. In case of anyone committing adultery, the criminal must be ordered to pay seven (7) head of cattle (4 heifers and 3 bulls) and a fine of two hundred thousand South Sudanese (200,000) or its equivalent in Sudanese Pounds.
5. To reduce cattle or property theft, any criminal who steals a cattle, sheep, goat, donkey and etc. must be arrested by the police depending on the location of the incident and forced to return the stolen property to their owners and be jailed for a period of 1 year and should be fine with amount of SSP 200,000 (Two hundred thousand South Sudanese Pounds or its equivalent in Sudanese Pounds.
6. When the Misseriya pastoralists are in the territory of South Sudan, the safety and security of Misseriya pastoralists/nomads during the cattle migration season must be the responsibility of the government of South Sudan especially the hosting State
7. Burning of bushes is prohibited, and anybody who would cause bushfire to degrade the vegetation must be arrested and ordered to pay the loses caused by the bushfire and fine with thirty thousand South Sudanese pounds (100,000) or its equivalent in Sudanese Pounds
8. Cutting down the trees is proscribed by the government of South Sudan.
Therefore, any person found cutting down fruits, edible and non-edible trees must be arrested and fine with fifty thousand South Sudanese pounds (150,000) or its equivalent in Sudanese Pounds.
9. Misseriya pastoralists should follow the designated season cattle migration routes agreed in the this peace agreements, (Machar Akoon, Majok Yinh Thiou, Warguet and Rumaker, Yinh Pabol),
10. The conference urged the chiefs along the designated cattle migration routes to cooperate with Misseriya pastoralists during the migration season, and work together to resolve issues arising during that particular migration season.
11. The conference asked host community and Misseriya nomads to share the existing water and pastures resources along the cattle migration routes without discrimination and hindrances
12. The conference urged the bordering communities to allow participation of women of Dinka Malual and Misseriya to participate in peace conferences
13. The conference recommends that taxation should be regulated in order to shun multiple and heavy taxes on Misseriya goods
14. Possessing of firearms is forbidden:
therefore, any person found possessing firearms, ammunitions or military related materials in the territory of Republic of South Sudan must be arrested and subjected to legal procedures in accordance to South Sudanese civil and military laws based on the identity of individual found.
15. The conference requested the Government of South Sudan to increase the peace dividends to JBPC up to 30% of the taxes collected at border markets to support the peace process and ease the work of the JBPC along the border between Sudan and South Sudan.
The same thing should be replicated by the Sudanese government to support the work of JBPC and peace process.
16. If a Misseriyia or Dinka Malual murder a person and she/her is not found but suspected to be from Dinka Malual or Misseriyia side, then the chief/Omda of that clan or close relative of that suspect must be arrested until he/she brings that culprit to justice and a fine of SSP 200,000 or its equivalent to Sudanese Pounds.
The process of arrest of the culprit must be the responsibility of the Joint Border Peace Committees.
17. Issues related to killing and looting along the migration routes and business corridors should be dealt with particular fraternity who's their next of kin committed the crimes in either sides of the communities.
18. The delegates agreed to use the provisions of the local agreements signed between the two communities for settlement of issues in joint courts neutrally and without discrimination.
19. The delegates agreed to not arrest any member of the joint border peace committee without proper investigation and without knowledge of the joint border peace committee office.
20. Any business deal between two people should not involving anyone from the clan member unless he/she was a party to the agreement or guarantor.
21. Any member of the joint border peace committee should from immune from arrest without thorough investigation and notice to the chairperson of joint border peace committee.
The Recommendations of the conference:
1. The delegates recommended continuation of peace conferences between two communities and respect the agreement sign
2. The delegates also recommended that youth must be encouraged to participate in peace conference and allow them to interact freely to practice cultural festivals and sport activities for peace and social cohesion between the two communities;
3. The delegates requested peace partners to establish joint vocational training centers to give life skills training to the youth along the borders.
4. Trade should be improved with emphasis on security provision and tax reduction;
5. The similar peace conferences between Dinka Malual and Missiiriya should be replicated in the neighboring states such as Twic, Gogrial and Abyei Administrative Area;
6. Misseriya pastoralists and peace committee members should be exempted from migration fees;
7. Joint Border Peace Committees should conduct exchange visits between three sisterly States of Northern Bahr El Ghazal, Eastern Darfur and Western Kordufan.
8. Peace Partners should continue to provide training to members of Joint Border Committees to build their capacities on conflict resolutions and negotiation skills.
9. The agreement should be disseminated to the two communities.
10. UN agencies and peace Partners should establish Peace Support Funds to help border communities fund social services such as provision of clean water, health and education services.
11. The conference urged the Peace partners to organize the next peace conference at Marrem or Fulla town in Western Kordofan and Eastern Darfur States.
12. Peace partners from Sudanese side to train the members of Joint Border Peace Committee from the other side on early warning, early response and conflict transformation.
13. The JBPC from Misseriya side should continue engaging the government of Sudan from all the levels to support this peace process.
Exit Strategy:
1. In absence of the peace partners' support to the peace conferences, the two governments are urged to support the peace processes between the Dinka Malual and Misseriya with security and communication means and transport.
2. In absence of the peace partners, the communities of Dinka Malual should contribute bulls, goats, and other important ingredients to conduct peace conferences including accommodation when the conference is hosted in Northern Bahr El Ghazal State in cooperation with their government and Misseriya will provide sugar, oil, flour and other important needs.
3. In absence of the peace partners, the communities of the Misseriya should contribute bulls, goats, sheep, and other important elements to support peace conferences including accommodations when the conference is hosted in Western Kordofan in cooperation with their government and Dinka Malual will provide sugar, oil, flour and other important needs.
4. The Peace partners should build conference halls in Northern Bahr El Ghazal and Western Kordofan (Merram) and Eastern Darfur before they stopped their support towards peace conferences including conference equipment.
5. In the absence of peace partners, the Joint Border Peace Committees should contribute from their tax percentages to support peace conferences.
6. The Misseriya and Dinka Malual should mobilize new peace partners to assist in funding peace conferences and other peace related activities.
Routes/Corridors and Executive Chiefs
Route/Corridor 1:
War Akec - Executive Chief:
Peter Makuac Makuac (Alou Alou Athian)
Route/Corridor 2:
Warlang Garam - Executive Chief:
Garang Rual Deng (Bol Kuol Dut)
Route/Corridor 3:
Rumaker - Executive Chief:
Garang Teng Athian (Ajou Akuei Ajou)
Route/Corridor 4:
Warguet - Executive Chief:
Atak Awan Anei (Ajou Mawein Bol) - Umda:
Ibrahim
Route/Corridor 5:
Yith Pabuol - Executive Chief:
Arik Maror Arou (Alou Kuol Bol)
Route/Corridor 6:
Majok Yithou - Executive Chief:
Lual Malong Yor (Aduong Lual Aduong)
Route/Corridor 7:
Machar Akoon - Executive Chief:
Yel Aguer Geng (Juwiir Juwiir Deng)
Signatories
Signed by:
Dinka Malual Representatives:
1. Peter Makuac Makuac - Head of chiefs
2. Garang Rual Deng - Executive Chief
3. Ajou Luol Akuei - Peace Committee, Court Chairperson
4. Yel Aguer Geng - Executive Chief
5. Akec Ken Kuac - Paramount chief
6. Atak Bak Mou - Paramount chief
Misseriya Representatives:
1. Adam Ahmed Hamad - Ameer
2. Ahmed Mareeg Mohammed - Omda
3. Hamid Mohammed Musa - Omda
4. Yasien Bakhit Mohammed - Omda
5. El-hereega Mohammed Iesa - Omda
6. El Mahadi Ahmed el Dudu - Omda
7. Abdelmahmud Mohammed Abdelmahmud - Omda
8. Magbul abdelrahman Mohammed - Omda
9. Abdelrahman Ibrahim - Omda
Witnessed by:
1. William Kolong Pioth - Regional Peace Coordinator
2. Stephen Mawien Mou - Concordis- international project manager
3. Ma. Inecita Montero - UNMISS CAD
4. William Nyon Dut - Civil Society
5. Baker Abdeljelel Baker