Resolutions of the Civil-Military Dialogue between the Community of Panyume (Civilians) and the Sudan People Liberation Army in Opposition (SPLA/IO); Mobile Force

Export agreement:

Country/entity: South Sudan
Region: Africa (excl MENA)
Agreement name: Resolutions of the Civil-Military Dialogue between the Community of Panyume (Civilians) and the Sudan People Liberation Army in Opposition (SPLA/IO); Mobile Force
Date: 3 Sep 2022
Agreement status: Multiparty signed/agreed
Interim arrangement: Yes
Agreement/conflict level: Intrastate/local conflict
Sudan Conflicts (1955 - )
Agreements relate to several distinct dyads, and also the negotiated independence of South Sudan, and subsequent internal conflict in South Sudan. Sudan-South Sudan. The long-standing conflict between the north and the south of the country dates back to colonial times, where the British introduced a so-called ‘Southern Policy’, severely hampering population movements between these big regions. Immediately after gaining independence in 1956, southern movements started to fight for independence; this fight became professionalised in 1983 with the foundation of the soon internationally supported Sudan People’s Liberation Army (SPLA). When the Islamic Front government introduced strict sharia laws in the south after it took over power in 1988 the war intensified. A decade later, the military situation reached a stalemate, enabling internationally facilitated peace negotiations to begin in 1997. After more fighting, a final negotiation push began in 2002, leading to the signing of the Comprehensive Peace Areement (CPA) in January 2005.

Sudan-South Sudan post referendum. South Sudan became independent in July 2011; since then, relations between the two countries are complicated and violent conflict led by the SPLM (North) in the Sudanese Nuba mountains region has since intensified.

Darfur. Other long-standing violent conflicts are in the east and the west of the country. In the east, the Beja Congress, established in 1957, is the spearhead of a currently ‘peaceful’ opposition movement. In the west, the violent conflict in Darfur intensified in the early 2000s and rapidly gained international attention, even resulting in genocide charges against leading figures of the Sudanese government. The situation on the ground is complex, with over a dozen organisations (most notably the Sudanese Liberation Movement and the Justice and Equality Movement) fighting the Sudanese government and allied groups like the Janjaweed – although all parties have switched sides on numerous occasions. Several mediation attempts have not been successful, due to the shaky commitment of the Sudanese central government and the distrust among the armed opposition.

South Sudan - internal
In December 2013, after president Salva Kiir accused opposition leader Riek Machar of attempting a coup, violent conflict broke out between government forces of the SPLM/A and anti-governmental groups. In addition, several other political militias as well as communal militias have joined the conflict. In 2015 the Agreement on the Resolution of the Conflict in South Sudan (ARCSS) was signed. Due to unsuccessful implementation the agreement was revitalized in 2018. In September 2019, Kiir and Machar agreed to establish a power-sharing government after struggles on forming a unity transitional government.
Stage: Pre-negotiation/process
Conflict nature: Government/territory
Peace process: South Sudan: Post-secession Local agreements
Parties: The Community of Panyume (Civilians)
The Sudan People Liberation Army in Opposition (SPLA/IO); Mobile Force
Third parties: Community Empowerment for Progress Organization (CEPO)
IOM UN Migration / United Nations Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS) in partnership
UN Multi-Partner Trust Fund
Description: A local civil-military dialogue which is part of structured local approaches to managing cycles of violence, improving trust and social cohesion between communities and the military. This agreement mainly addresses civil-military relations in Panyume payam in Morobo county between the armed forces and the community, setting out a list of grievances covering all sides before setting out resolutions. Broadly the agreement aims to encourage this through ongoing reconciliatory efforts between the army and local leaders, with improved security mechanisms and efforts to deal with crime. Substantively the agreement makes provisions for mechanisms to deal with crime and calls for respect for the law, calling on local authorities and the armed forces to reinforce this with measures including protection of civilians by soldiers and material property reparations. It also calls for the establishment of police stations to reinforce the rule of law and courts, in addressing crimes, killing and sexual violence. Traditional leaders and the military are to implement the agreement within the community by continuing meetings and managing members of the armed force in the area at borders and check points.

Agreement document

SS_220903_Resolutions of the Civil-Military Dialogue between the Community of Panyume (Civilians) and the Sudan People Liberation Army in Opposition (SPLA/IO); Mobile Force | Download PDF

Source of document

https://www.radiotamazuj.org/en/news/article/civil-military-dialogue-calls-for-peace-in-morobo

https://www.radiotamazuj.org/en/news/article/civil-military-dialogue-concludes-in-morobo-county

Groups

Children/youth: No specific mention.
Disabled persons: No specific mention.
Elderly/age: No specific mention.
Migrant workers: No specific mention.
Racial/ethnic/national group: No specific mention.
Religious groups: No specific mention.
Indigenous people: No specific mention.
Other groups: No specific mention.
Refugees/displaced persons: No specific mention.
Social class: No specific mention.

Gender

Women, girls and gender: Recommendation/Resolutions:
...
4. The security and civil leaders should impose law and order when one is caught in the act of raping and killing should be brought to the court of law.
...
12. Compensation of looted properties, rape victim and blood compensation.
Men and boys: No specific mention.
LGBTI: No specific mention.
Family: No specific mention.

State definition

Nature of state (general): No specific mention.
State configuration: No specific mention.
Self determination: No specific mention.
Referendum: No specific mention.
State symbols: No specific mention.
Independence/secession: No specific mention.
Accession/unification: No specific mention.
Border delimitation: No specific mention.
Cross-border provision: No specific mention.

Governance

Political institutions (new or reformed): No specific mention.
Elections: No specific mention.
Electoral commission: No specific mention.
Political parties reform: No specific mention.
Civil society: No specific mention.
Traditional/religious leaders: Recommendation/Resolutions:
...
2. Security and civil leaders should provide free movement of people in panyume and outside.
...
4. The security and civil leaders should impose law and order when one is caught in the act of raping and killing should be brought to the court of law.
5. The resolution of the dialogue calls for all chiefs to return to duties in their administrative areas immediately by the Executive Director and paramount chiefs.
...
7. Leaders should be trained on how to lead their people by executive Director.
Public administration: No specific mention.
Constitution: No specific mention.

Power sharing

Political power sharing: No specific mention.
Territorial power sharing: No specific mention.
Economic power sharing: No specific mention.
Military power sharing: No specific mention.

Human rights and equality

Human rights/RoL general: Recommendation/Resolutions:
...
4. The security and civil leaders should impose law and order when one is caught in the act of raping and killing should be brought to the court of law.
Bill of rights/similar: No specific mention.
Treaty incorporation: No specific mention.
Civil and political rights: No specific mention.
Socio-economic rights: No specific mention.

Rights related issues

Citizenship: No specific mention.
Democracy: No specific mention.
Detention procedures: No specific mention.
Media and communication: Rights related issues→Media and communication→Other
Recommendation/Resolutions:
...
6. The dialogue resolved for continuous awareness on current peace agreement to stop propaganda.
Mobility/access: Recommendation/Resolutions:
...
2. Security and civil leaders should provide free movement of people in panyume and outside.
Protection measures: Rights related issues→Protection measures→Protection of civilians
Recommendation/Resolutions:
...
8. The dialogue resolved that the soldiers should protect the civilians and their properties.
Other: No specific mention.

Rights institutions

NHRI: No specific mention.
Regional or international human rights institutions: No specific mention.

Justice sector reform

Criminal justice and emergency law: No specific mention.
State of emergency provisions: No specific mention.
Judiciary and courts: No specific mention.
Prisons and detention: No specific mention.
Traditional Laws: Recommendation/Resolutions:
...
12. Compensation of looted properties, rape victim and blood compensation.

Socio-economic reconstruction

Development or socio-economic reconstruction: No specific mention.
National economic plan: No specific mention.
Natural resources: No specific mention.
International funds: No specific mention.
Business: No specific mention.
Taxation: Socio-economic reconstruction→Taxation→Other
Recommendation/Resolutions:
...
3. The dialogue resolved that check points should be reduced for security purpose not for collection of money and materials.
Banks: No specific mention.

Land, property and environment

Land reform/rights: No specific mention.
Pastoralist/nomadism rights: No specific mention.
Cultural heritage: No specific mention.
Environment: No specific mention.
Water or riparian rights or access: No specific mention.

Security sector

Security Guarantees: Recommendation/Resolutions:
...
3. The dialogue resolved that check points should be reduced for security purpose not for collection of money and materials.
...
9. Military forces should be settled away from civilian residence and farm land to avoid fear.
Ceasefire: No specific mention.
Police: Recommendation/Resolutions:
...
10. Establishment of police stations and deployment of community police in panyume to handle civil crimes.
Armed forces: Recommendation/Resolutions:
...
2. Security and civil leaders should provide free movement of people in panyume and outside.
3. The dialogue resolved that check points should be reduced for security purpose not for collection of money and materials.
4. The security and civil leaders should impose law and order when one is caught in the act of raping and killing should be brought to the court of law.
...
8. The dialogue resolved that the soldiers should protect the civilians and their properties.
9. Military forces should be settled away from civilian residence and farm land to avoid fear.
...
11. Establishment of military court martial for fair trials of civilian military cases.
DDR: No specific mention.
Intelligence services: No specific mention.
Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces: No specific mention.
Withdrawal of foreign forces: No specific mention.
Corruption: No specific mention.
Crime/organised crime: Recommendation/Resolutions:
...
4. The security and civil leaders should impose law and order when one is caught in the act of raping and killing should be brought to the court of law.
...
10. Establishment of police stations and deployment of community police in panyume to handle civil crimes.
11. Establishment of military court martial for fair trials of civilian military cases.
Drugs: No specific mention.
Terrorism: No specific mention.

Transitional justice

Transitional justice general: No specific mention.
Amnesty/pardon: No specific mention.
Courts: No specific mention.
Mechanism: No specific mention.
Prisoner release: No specific mention.
Vetting: No specific mention.
Victims: No specific mention.
Missing persons: No specific mention.
Reparations: Transitional justice→Reparations→Material reparations
Recommendation/Resolutions:
...
12. Compensation of looted properties, rape victim and blood compensation.
Reconciliation: No specific mention.

Implementation

UN signatory: Recommendation/Resolutions:
...
United Nations Multi-Partner Trust Fund, CEPO, IOM UN Migration
Other international signatory: No specific mention.
Referendum for agreement: No specific mention.
International mission/force/similar: No specific mention.
Enforcement mechanism: No specific mention.

Resolutions of the Civil – Military Dialogue between the Community of Panyume (Civilians) and the Sudan People Liberation Army in Opposition (SPLA/IO);

Mobile Force

Thursday 1st – Saturday 3rd September 2022

Morobo County, Central Equatoria State

Issues, root causes and resolutions of Panyume Civilian – Military Dialogue

1. ( a) What intra conflicts exist within you?

• Problem of leaders

• No free movement

• Forceful marriage of civilian

• Civilians are not sleeping in their house at night

• Looting of civilian's properties

• Raping of civilians by the military

• Negative politics

• Too many roadblocks and check points

• Delay of peace implantation

1. ( b) What inter conflict exist between civilian and military in Panyume payam?

• killing of civilian in Panyume payam

• All chiefs of the area stay outside the county

• Propaganda causing civilian to flee to the camps

• Civilian are divided in different armed groups

• Lack of humanitarian aid for civilian and food for the soldiers

• The welfare of the soldiers not cater for by the government

• A lot of accusation between the government and other parties

2. What are the root causes of (a) and (b) conflicts?

• Hunger

• Tribalism

• Beating of civilians by the military

• No court and justice

• There is no unity between the civilian and the military in Panyume payam

3. What are the effects of the conflict between the civilian and military in Panyume payam?

• Loss of properties in Panyume payam

• Death

• Displacement of civilians

• Illiteracy

• Hunger/faming

• No humanitarian assistances

• Separation of families

• Defection

• Economic crisis

Recommendation/Resolutions:

1. Government should speed up implementation of peace agreement.

2. Security and civil leaders should provide free movement of people in panyume and outside.

3. The dialogue resolved that check points should be reduced for security purpose not for collection of money and materials.

4. The security and civil leaders should impose law and order when one is caught in the act of raping and killing should be brought to the court of law.

5. The resolution of the dialogue calls for all chiefs to return to duties in their administrative areas immediately by the Executive Director and paramount chiefs.

6. The dialogue resolved for continuous awareness on current peace agreement to stop propaganda.

7. Leaders should be trained on how to lead their people by executive Director.

8. The dialogue resolved that the soldiers should protect the civilians and their properties.

9. Military forces should be settled away from civilian residence and farm land to avoid fear.

10. Establishment of police stations and deployment of community police in panyume to handle civil crimes.

11. Establishment of military court martial for fair trials of civilian military cases.

12. Compensation of looted properties, rape victim and blood compensation.

13. The dialogue recommended that schools, health facilities, markets and boreholes should be rehabilitated to attract returnees.

14. The dialogue recommended for effective collaboration between SSPDF and the I.O at the borders.

Facilitated by:

United Nations Multi-Partner Trust Fund, CEPO, IOM UN Migration