Reafirmación del Horizonte del Proceso de Paz entre el Gobierno de la República de Colombia y el Ejército de Liberación Nacional en el Marco de la Agenda de México

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Country/entity: Colombia
Region: Americas
Agreement name: Reafirmación del Horizonte del Proceso de Paz entre el Gobierno de la República de Colombia y el Ejército de Liberación Nacional en el Marco de la Agenda de México
Date: 17 Dec 2023
Agreement status: Multiparty signed/agreed
Interim arrangement: Yes
Agreement/conflict level: Intrastate/intrastate conflict
Colombian Conflict (1964 - )
The Colombian conflict is really a set of conflicts and the peace agreements reflect both different processes relating to different conflict groups and dyads, and processes taking place at different times in a complex peace process history. The Colombian civil war has its roots in the late 1940s and the violent infighting between liberal and the conservative factions. Emerging from the liberal tradition with a thorough grounding in nationalist communist ideology, the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia—People's Army (FARC) began its armed insurrection against the Colombian government in 1964. Other left-wing guerrillas emerged as well, most notably the socialist/populist M-19, which would later be integrated into the formal political system in the peace process of 1990s; the National Liberation Army (ELN), which has strong roots in liberation theology, and the Maoist Ejército Popular de Liberación (EPL) (also part of the 1990 process, less successfully). Several stages of peace processes were undertaken by the various sides, which were further complicated by the emergence of right-wing paramilitary ‘self-defence’ forces. The peace agreement between the Colombian government under President Uribe and the main alliance of the paramilitary groups, the United Self-Defence Forces of Colombia (AUC), concluded in 2005 and is still heavily disputed as several remnants are still active, but now subsumed under the heading ‘Bacrim’ (Bandas criminales). In addition, FARC and ELN maintain a military presence, but both demonstrate a strong interest in completing successful peace negotiations with the government, with the most recent agreements being between FARC and the Government.
Stage: Pre-negotiation/process
Conflict nature: Government/territory
Peace process: Colombia VII - Petro Peace Dialogues with ELN
Parties: Government of the Republic of Colombia Delegation:

Vera Grabe Loewenherz (Head of the Government Delegation)
Otty Patiño (Counsellor Peace Commissioner)
Iván Cepeda Castro
Rosmery Quintero Castro
Rodrigo Botero García
Adelaida Jiménez Cortés
José Feliz Lafaurie Rivera
Horacio Guerrero García
Orlando Romero Reyes

Ejército de Liberación Nacional (ELN) Delegation:

Pablo Beltrán (Head of the ELN Delegation)
Aureliano Carbonell
Bernardo Téllez
Consuelo Tapias
Gustavo Martinez
Isabel Torres
Ernesto Alzate
Third parties: Nicolás Rodriguez (ELN Adviser)
Violeta Arango (Peace Facilitator)

Observers:

Mg. Hugo Alejandro López Barreto (Armed Forces)
Bg. William Oswaldo Rincón Zambrano (National Police)

Third Parties
Guarantor Countries:

Glivânia Maria de Oliveira (Federative Republic of Brazil)
José Luis Paine (Republic of Chile)
Alejandro Malmierca Castaño (Republic of Cuba)
Roberto de León (United Mexican States)
Jon Otto Brødholt (Kingdom of Norway)
Juan Carlos Jiménez Riera (Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela)

Permanent Companions:

Carlos G. Ruiz Massieu (Special Representative of the Secretary-General of the United Nations in Colombia)
Mons. Héctor Fabio Henao Gaviria (Delegate for Church–State Relations, CEC)
Description: This agreement reaffirms the commitment between the Colombian Government and the Ejército de Liberación Nacional (ELN) to continue advancing the peace dialogue within the framework of the Mexico Agreement during the current government administration. The parties commit to developing dialogues and national actions with territorial reach aimed at establishing a social and political alliance to achieve a National Agreement that enables necessary political, social, economic, environmental, and cultural transformations. The agreement emphasizes generating conditions for agreements to become State policy with continuity beyond the current government, ensuring sustainability through support from society, authorities, and institutions including future governments.

Agreement document: CO_231217_Reafirmación_del_Horizonte_del_Proceso_de_Paz_EN (opens in new tab) | Download PDF
Agreement document (original language): CO_231217_Reafirmación del Horizonte del Proceso de Paz (opens in new tab)| Download PDF
Source of document: https://www.consejeriacomisionadadepaz.gov.co/dialogos-eln/Documents/ACUERDO%2015.pdf

Groups

Children/youth: No specific mention.
Disabled persons: No specific mention.
Elderly/age: No specific mention.
Migrant workers: No specific mention.
Racial/ethnic/national group: No specific mention.
Religious groups: No specific mention.
Indigenous people: No specific mention.
Other groups: No specific mention.
Refugees/displaced persons: No specific mention.
Social class: No specific mention.

Gender

Women, girls and gender: No specific mention.
Men and boys: No specific mention.
LGBTI: No specific mention.
Family: No specific mention.

State definition

Nature of state (general): No specific mention.
State configuration: No specific mention.
Self determination: No specific mention.
Referendum: No specific mention.
State symbols: No specific mention.
Independence/secession: No specific mention.
Accession/unification: No specific mention.
Border delimitation: No specific mention.
Cross-border provision: No specific mention.

Governance

Political institutions (new or reformed): No specific mention.
Elections: No specific mention.
Electoral commission: No specific mention.
Political parties reform: No specific mention.
Civil society: To this end, we will continue to develop dialogues and national actions with territorial reach in order to establish a social and political alliance, aimed at achieving a National Agreement that will make possible the political, social, economic, environmental, and cultural transformations the country requires.
Traditional/religious leaders: No specific mention.
Public administration: No specific mention.
Constitution: No specific mention.

Power sharing

Political power sharing: No specific mention.
Territorial power sharing: No specific mention.
Economic power sharing: No specific mention.
Military power sharing: No specific mention.

Human rights and equality

Human rights/RoL general: No specific mention.
Bill of rights/similar: No specific mention.
Treaty incorporation: No specific mention.
Civil and political rights: No specific mention.
Socio-economic rights: No specific mention.

Rights related issues

Citizenship: No specific mention.
Democracy: No specific mention.
Detention procedures: No specific mention.
Media and communication: No specific mention.
Mobility/access: No specific mention.
Protection measures: No specific mention.
Other: No specific mention.

Rights institutions

NHRI: No specific mention.
Regional or international human rights institutions: No specific mention.

Justice sector reform

Criminal justice and emergency law: No specific mention.
State of emergency provisions: No specific mention.
Judiciary and courts: No specific mention.
Prisons and detention: No specific mention.
Traditional Laws: No specific mention.

Socio-economic reconstruction

Development or socio-economic reconstruction: Socio-economic reconstruction→Development or socio-economic reconstruction→Socio-economic development
To this end, we will continue to develop dialogues and national actions with territorial reach in order to establish a social and political alliance, aimed at achieving a National Agreement that will make possible the political, social, economic, environmental, and cultural transformations the country requires.
National economic plan: No specific mention.
Natural resources: No specific mention.
International funds: No specific mention.
Business: No specific mention.
Taxation: No specific mention.
Banks: No specific mention.

Land, property and environment

Land reform/rights: No specific mention.
Pastoralist/nomadism rights: No specific mention.
Cultural heritage: Land, property and environment→Cultural heritage→Other
To this end, we will continue to develop dialogues and national actions with territorial reach in order to establish a social and political alliance, aimed at achieving a National Agreement that will make possible the political, social, economic, environmental, and cultural transformations the country requires.
Environment: To this end, we will continue to develop dialogues and national actions with territorial reach in order to establish a social and political alliance, aimed at achieving a National Agreement that will make possible the political, social, economic, environmental, and cultural transformations the country requires.
Water or riparian rights or access: No specific mention.

Security sector

Security Guarantees: No specific mention.
Ceasefire: No specific mention.
Police: No specific mention.
Armed forces: No specific mention.
DDR: No specific mention.
Intelligence services: No specific mention.
Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces: No specific mention.
Withdrawal of foreign forces: No specific mention.
Corruption: No specific mention.
Crime/organised crime: No specific mention.
Drugs: No specific mention.
Terrorism: No specific mention.

Transitional justice

Transitional justice general: No specific mention.
Amnesty/pardon: No specific mention.
Courts: No specific mention.
Mechanism: No specific mention.
Prisoner release: No specific mention.
Vetting: No specific mention.
Victims: No specific mention.
Missing persons: No specific mention.
Reparations: No specific mention.
Reconciliation: No specific mention.

Implementation

UN signatory: Permanent Companions
Carlos G. Ruiz Massieu, Special Representative of the Secretary-General of the United Nations in Colombia
Other international signatory: Guarantor Countries
Glivânia Maria de Oliveira, Federative Republic of Brazil
José Luis Paine, Republic of Chile
Alejandro Malmierca Castaño, Republic of Cuba
Roberto de León, United Mexican States
Jon Otto Brødholt, Kingdom of Norway
Juan Carlos Jiménez Riera, Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela
Referendum for agreement: No specific mention.
International mission/force/similar: No specific mention.
Enforcement mechanism: No specific mention.

Agreement No.

REAFFIRMATION OF THE VISION OF THE PEACE PROCESS BETWEEN THE GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF COLOMBIA AND THE EJÉRCITO DE LIBERACIÓN NACIONAL WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE MEXICO AGENDA

The Government of the Republic of Colombia and the Ejército de Liberación Nacional – ELN, have agreed to advance as far as possible during the current Government and within a reasonable timeframe on the objectives and items of the Peace Dialogue Agenda, the “Mexico Agreement”, which aim to overcome the armed conflict by carrying out democratising transformations.

To this end, we will continue to develop dialogues and national actions with territorial reach in order to establish a social and political alliance, aimed at achieving a National Agreement that will make possible the political, social, economic, environmental, and cultural transformations the country requires.

Likewise, it is necessary to generate the conditions for the agreements and transformations to become State policy, supported by society, authorities, and institutions, including future governments, thereby ensuring continuity and sustainability of the agreements reached on the basis of respect, promotion, and implementation.

Mexico City, Inter-American Conference on Social Security, 17 December 2023.

Signed,

Delegation of the Government of the Republic of Colombia

Vera Grabe Loewenherz

Head of the Government Delegation

Otty Patiño

Counsellor Peace Commissioner

Iván Cepeda Castro

Rosmery Quintero Castro

Rodrigo Botero García

Adelaida Jiménez Cortés

José Feliz Lafaurie Rivera

Horacio Guerrero García

Orlando Romero Reyes

Delegation of the Ejército de Liberación Nacional (ELN)

Pablo Beltrán

Head of the ELN Delegation

Aureliano Carbonell

Bernardo Téllez

Consuelo Tapias

Gustavo Martinez

Isabel Torres

Ernesto Alzate

As ELN Adviser:

Nicolás Rodriguez

As Peace Facilitator:

Violeta Arango

As Observer of the Armed Forces:

Mg.

Hugo Alejandro López Barreto

As Observer of the National Police:

Bg.

William Oswaldo Rincón Zambrano

As Witnesses and Depositaries

Guarantor Countries

Glivânia Maria de Oliveira, Federative Republic of Brazil

José Luis Paine, Republic of Chile

Alejandro Malmierca Castaño, Republic of Cuba

Roberto de León, United Mexican States

Jon Otto Brødholt, Kingdom of Norway

Juan Carlos Jiménez Riera, Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela

Permanent Companions

Carlos G. Ruiz Massieu, Special Representative of the Secretary-General of the United Nations in Colombia

Mons. Héctor Fabio Henao Gaviria, Delegate for Church–State Relations, CEC