Joint Press Statement Special GBC Meeting

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Country/entity: Cambodia
Thailand
Region: Asia and Pacific
Agreement name: Joint Press Statement Special GBC Meeting
Date: 10 Sep 2025
Agreement status: Multiparty signed/agreed
Interim arrangement: Yes
Agreement/conflict level: Interstate/interstate conflict Cambodia - Thailand border dispute (1954 - )
Stage: Ceasefire/related
Conflict nature: Territory
Peace process: Cambodia - Thailand border dispute process
Parties: Cambodia:

H.E. General Tea Seiha, Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of National Defence
Major General Nhem Boraden, Deputy Chief of Cabinet Office of the Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of National Defence

Thailand:

H.E. General Nattaphon Narkphanit, Acting Minister of Defence
Lieutenant General Nuttapong Praokaew, Director of the Department of Border Affairs
Third parties: -
Description: This agreement between Cambodia and Thailand establishes detailed implementation mechanisms for a ceasefire arrangement following their August 2025 border conflict. The agreement outlines comprehensive measures to de-escalate tensions, including removal of heavy weapons to normal installations, establishment of observation teams (IOT and AOT), prevention of provocative activities, and exchange of prisoners of war on humanitarian grounds. Additionally, it promotes practical cooperation through humanitarian demining initiatives, cross-border crime prevention, reopening of border crossings for trade, and establishes various task forces and coordination mechanisms to manage ongoing border disputes peacefully.

Agreement document: KH_TH_250910_Joint Press Statement Special GBC Meeting (opens in new tab) | Download PDF
Source of document: https://www.mfa.go.th/en/content/joint-press-statement-special-gbc-100925

Groups

Children/youth: No specific mention.
Disabled persons: No specific mention.
Elderly/age: No specific mention.
Migrant workers: No specific mention.
Racial/ethnic/national group: No specific mention.
Religious groups: No specific mention.
Indigenous people: No specific mention.
Other groups: No specific mention.
Refugees/displaced persons: No specific mention.
Social class: No specific mention.

Gender

Women, girls and gender: No specific mention.
Men and boys: No specific mention.
LGBTI: No specific mention.
Family: No specific mention.

State definition

Nature of state (general): No specific mention.
State configuration: No specific mention.
Self determination: No specific mention.
Referendum: No specific mention.
State symbols: No specific mention.
Independence/secession: No specific mention.
Accession/unification: No specific mention.
Border delimitation: The aim of the 1st Special GBC Meeting was to review the positive outcomes of the Extraordinary General Border Committee Meeting (GBC) between the Kingdom of Cambodia and the Kingdom of Thailand, held on 7 August 2025, and to formulate necessary action plans for the purpose of fostering full and effective implementation of the ceasefire arrangement.
The Meeting reaffirmed the practical conclusions of the four rounds of Extraordinary Regional Border Committee (RBC) Meetings between three Royal Cambodian Armed Forces (RCAF) Military Regions and two Royal Thai Armed Forces (RTARF) Army Areas and the Chanthaburi-Trat Border Defense Command.
b. All these humanitarian demining actions are without prejudice to the survey and demarcation of land boundary between both countries.
f. Regarding incidents in the area between Phum Chouk Chey Village, O Bei Chorn Commune, O Chrov District, Banteay Meanchey Province, Cambodia, and Nong Chan Village, Khok Sung District, Sa Kaeo Province, Thailand, both sides agreed as follows:
- Both sides recognized the JBC as a mechanism to bring a solution to issues related to joint survey and demarcation and agreed to refer this matter to the next JBC Meeting as a priority agenda.
- Both sides tasked the RBC to discuss the management of this matter at the earliest, in accordance with the outcome of the discussion under the JBC.
g. The above-mentioned approach will be applied to the management of other areas with similar problems along the Cambodia-Thailand border.
The Meeting also task the next rounds of Regional Border Committee (RBC) Meetings as follow:
a. Discussion on the restoration of relations, the return to normalcy, and the resumption of the people-to-people exchanges.
b. Establishment of the Coordination Group (CG) in accordance with the composition, roles and responsibilities agreed by both sides.
c. Discussion on the composition, roles and responsibilities of the Township Border Committee (TBC) and submit the agreed outcomes to the GBC for approval and subsequent establishment.
Both sides agreed to schedule the 2nd Special General Border Committee (GBC) Meeting within 30 days after this meeting, with Thailand as the hosting state.
Cross-border provision: j. Both sides agreed to consider the feasibility of reopening the border crossings between Chanthaburi and Trat Provinces in Thailand and Battambang Province in Cambodia, for the import and export of products or goods, except materiel intended for military purposes, to facilitate trade and economic activities necessary for the maintenance of critical regional supply chains.
c. The Meeting encouraged enhanced cooperation at all levels between the relevant authorities of both countries to prevent and suppress cross-border crimes including arms, drugs, human and wildlife trafficking, forced labour, smuggling, and illegal border crossings while reaffirming support for joint border agency efforts, promoting information sharing, and ensuring that such issues are addressed in accordance with humanitarian principles and national laws.
d. The Meeting urged the relevant authorities to implement the cybercrime action plan, to be agreed upon by both sides, on online scams, encompassing strengthened border control, enhanced intelligence sharing, restrictions on illegal communication facilities, strategic communication efforts, and mechanisms to counter technological crimes.
e. To this end, the Ministry of Interior and National Police from both countries will meet within one week after this meeting, to create a joint task force which will be tasked to develop an action plan on transnational crime.
f. Regarding incidents in the area between Phum Chouk Chey Village, O Bei Chorn Commune, O Chrov District, Banteay Meanchey Province, Cambodia, and Nong Chan Village, Khok Sung District, Sa Kaeo Province, Thailand, both sides agreed as follows:
- Both sides recognized the JBC as a mechanism to bring a solution to issues related to joint survey and demarcation and agreed to refer this matter to the next JBC Meeting as a priority agenda.
- Both sides tasked the RBC to discuss the management of this matter at the earliest, in accordance with the outcome of the discussion under the JBC.
g. The above-mentioned approach will be applied to the management of other areas with similar problems along the Cambodia-Thailand border.
The Meeting also task the next rounds of Regional Border Committee (RBC) Meetings as follow:
a. Discussion on the restoration of relations, the return to normalcy, and the resumption of the people-to-people exchanges.
b. Establishment of the Coordination Group (CG) in accordance with the composition, roles and responsibilities agreed by both sides.
c. Discussion on the composition, roles and responsibilities of the Township Border Committee (TBC) and submit the agreed outcomes to the GBC for approval and subsequent establishment.
Both sides agreed to schedule the 2nd Special General Border Committee (GBC) Meeting within 30 days after this meeting, with Thailand as the hosting state.

Governance

Political institutions (new or reformed): No specific mention.
Elections: No specific mention.
Electoral commission: No specific mention.
Political parties reform: No specific mention.
Civil society: No specific mention.
Traditional/religious leaders: No specific mention.
Public administration: No specific mention.
Constitution: No specific mention.

Power sharing

Political power sharing: No specific mention.
Territorial power sharing: No specific mention.
Economic power sharing: No specific mention.
Military power sharing: No specific mention.

Human rights and equality

Human rights/RoL general: Both sides will proceed in accordance with their respective domestic law and regulations.
After both sides received approval from their respective authorities, Malaysia, as the ASEAN Chair, will be informed of the agreed TOR in order to assist with the formation of the AOT.
c. The Meeting encouraged enhanced cooperation at all levels between the relevant authorities of both countries to prevent and suppress cross-border crimes including arms, drugs, human and wildlife trafficking, forced labour, smuggling, and illegal border crossings while reaffirming support for joint border agency efforts, promoting information sharing, and ensuring that such issues are addressed in accordance with humanitarian principles and national laws.
Bill of rights/similar: No specific mention.
Treaty incorporation: i. As a gesture of friendship, mutual trust and confidence, and commitment to restoring relations and the return to normalcy, prisoners of war will be returned as soon as possible at an appropriate time on humanitarian grounds and in accordance with Article 118 of the Third Geneva Convention of 1949 and Rule 128 (A) of the Customary International Humanitarian Law.
Civil and political rights: No specific mention.
Socio-economic rights: No specific mention.

Rights related issues

Citizenship: No specific mention.
Democracy: No specific mention.
Detention procedures: No specific mention.
Media and communication: Rights related issues→Media and communication→Governance of media
f. The Meeting acknowledged the importance of refraining from disseminating false information, fake news, accusations, allegations, and harmful rhetorics whether through official government channels or unofficial platforms in order to de-escalate tensions, mitigate negative public sentiment, and foster an environment conducive to peaceful dialogue.
Rights related issues→Media and communication→Media roles
f. The Meeting acknowledged the importance of refraining from disseminating false information, fake news, accusations, allegations, and harmful rhetorics whether through official government channels or unofficial platforms in order to de-escalate tensions, mitigate negative public sentiment, and foster an environment conducive to peaceful dialogue.
Rights related issues→Media and communication→Other
d. The Meeting urged the relevant authorities to implement the cybercrime action plan, to be agreed upon by both sides, on online scams, encompassing strengthened border control, enhanced intelligence sharing, restrictions on illegal communication facilities, strategic communication efforts, and mechanisms to counter technological crimes.
Mobility/access: No specific mention.
Protection measures: Rights related issues→Protection measures→Protection of civilians
a. The Meeting acknowledged the need to de-escalate tensions through the removal of heavy and destructive weapons and equipment back to their respective normal military installations.
a. Both sides reaffirmed the importance of advancing humanitarian demining with the purpose of contributing to socio-economic development and the protection of civilian lives.
To this end, both sides agreed to establish, within one week after this meeting, a Joint Coordinating Task Force led by the GBC Secretariats of both sides, with the participation of CMAC and TMAC, to determine and agree on priority areas and to coordinate the planning and implementation of humanitarian demining.
Both sides will discuss and establish the Standard Operating Procedures necessary to complete this task.
Taking into account each side’s respective criteria, conditions, and positions, the Task Force will begin identifying pilot border areas for action within one month.
b. All these humanitarian demining actions are without prejudice to the survey and demarcation of land boundary between both countries.
Rights related issues→Protection measures→Other
c. The Meeting encouraged enhanced cooperation at all levels between the relevant authorities of both countries to prevent and suppress cross-border crimes including arms, drugs, human and wildlife trafficking, forced labour, smuggling, and illegal border crossings while reaffirming support for joint border agency efforts, promoting information sharing, and ensuring that such issues are addressed in accordance with humanitarian principles and national laws.
Other: No specific mention.

Rights institutions

NHRI: No specific mention.
Regional or international human rights institutions: No specific mention.

Justice sector reform

Criminal justice and emergency law: No specific mention.
State of emergency provisions: No specific mention.
Judiciary and courts: No specific mention.
Prisons and detention: No specific mention.
Traditional Laws: No specific mention.

Socio-economic reconstruction

Development or socio-economic reconstruction: Socio-economic reconstruction→Development or socio-economic reconstruction→Socio-economic development
a. Both sides reaffirmed the importance of advancing humanitarian demining with the purpose of contributing to socio-economic development and the protection of civilian lives.
National economic plan: No specific mention.
Natural resources: No specific mention.
International funds: No specific mention.
Business: j. Both sides agreed to consider the feasibility of reopening the border crossings between Chanthaburi and Trat Provinces in Thailand and Battambang Province in Cambodia, for the import and export of products or goods, except materiel intended for military purposes, to facilitate trade and economic activities necessary for the maintenance of critical regional supply chains.
Taxation: No specific mention.
Banks: No specific mention.

Land, property and environment

Land reform/rights: No specific mention.
Pastoralist/nomadism rights: No specific mention.
Cultural heritage: No specific mention.
Environment: No specific mention.
Water or riparian rights or access: No specific mention.

Security sector

Security Guarantees: g. The meeting supported efforts to prevent actions that undermine trust, incite hatred, provoke misunderstandings, or escalate tensions along the border.
Both sides reaffirmed their commitment to fostering mutual respect and promoting transparency to maintain stability and build long-term confidence.
h. The meeting aimed at fostering discussion and increase confidence to de-escalate tensions and maintain peace along the border, using all necessary mechanisms to resolve differences peacefully in the spirit of good neighbourliness, friendship, and solidarity.
a. Both sides reaffirmed the importance of advancing humanitarian demining with the purpose of contributing to socio-economic development and the protection of civilian lives.
To this end, both sides agreed to establish, within one week after this meeting, a Joint Coordinating Task Force led by the GBC Secretariats of both sides, with the participation of CMAC and TMAC, to determine and agree on priority areas and to coordinate the planning and implementation of humanitarian demining.
Both sides will discuss and establish the Standard Operating Procedures necessary to complete this task.
Taking into account each side’s respective criteria, conditions, and positions, the Task Force will begin identifying pilot border areas for action within one month.
b. All these humanitarian demining actions are without prejudice to the survey and demarcation of land boundary between both countries.
d. The Meeting urged the relevant authorities to implement the cybercrime action plan, to be agreed upon by both sides, on online scams, encompassing strengthened border control, enhanced intelligence sharing, restrictions on illegal communication facilities, strategic communication efforts, and mechanisms to counter technological crimes.
f. Regarding incidents in the area between Phum Chouk Chey Village, O Bei Chorn Commune, O Chrov District, Banteay Meanchey Province, Cambodia, and Nong Chan Village, Khok Sung District, Sa Kaeo Province, Thailand, both sides agreed as follows:
- Both sides recognized the JBC as a mechanism to bring a solution to issues related to joint survey and demarcation and agreed to refer this matter to the next JBC Meeting as a priority agenda.
- Both sides tasked the RBC to discuss the management of this matter at the earliest, in accordance with the outcome of the discussion under the JBC.
In the meantime, the Governors of Sa Kaeo Province and Banteay Meanchey Province will coordinate closely to peacefully manage the situation on the ground, including ceasing of all activities which expand the scope of the disputes and further escalate tensions.
g. The above-mentioned approach will be applied to the management of other areas with similar problems along the Cambodia-Thailand border.
Ceasefire: Security sector→Ceasefire→Ceasefire provision
Any necessary actions to ensure safety by either side will be conducted within their own positions as of the ceasefire at 24:00 hours (local time) on 28 July 2025 and in full compliance with the ceasefire terms reached at the Extraordinary GBC Meeting on 7 August 2025 in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Security sector→Ceasefire→General commitments
The aim of the 1st Special GBC Meeting was to review the positive outcomes of the Extraordinary General Border Committee Meeting (GBC) between the Kingdom of Cambodia and the Kingdom of Thailand, held on 7 August 2025, and to formulate necessary action plans for the purpose of fostering full and effective implementation of the ceasefire arrangement.
The Meeting, based on the platform forged at the Extraordinary GBC Meeting, provided an opportunity for both sides to advance productive dialogue, promote confidence building measures, and mutually explore ways forward to peacefully settle disputes and other concerning matters, with a shared objective of returning to normalcy in the near future.
a. The Meeting acknowledged the need to de-escalate tensions through the removal of heavy and destructive weapons and equipment back to their respective normal military installations.
To this end, the Secretariats of the GBC and RBCs will start to discuss detailed, practical and step-by-step action plan within three (3) weeks after this meeting.
d. The Meeting welcomed the agreement not to expand the scope or scale of disputes, nor to engage in provocative activities that could escalate tensions.
This measure is intended to promote mutual trust and cooperation.
e. The Meeting reaffirmed the importance of maintaining regular communication between all military regions, army areas, and border units on both sides, with a commitment to resolving issues peacefully and preventing clashes.
Both Cambodia and Thailand emphasized the need to further strengthen communication at all levels to build mutual trust and promote good neighbourliness.
h. The meeting aimed at fostering discussion and increase confidence to de-escalate tensions and maintain peace along the border, using all necessary mechanisms to resolve differences peacefully in the spirit of good neighbourliness, friendship, and solidarity.
In the meantime, the Governors of Sa Kaeo Province and Banteay Meanchey Province will coordinate closely to peacefully manage the situation on the ground, including ceasing of all activities which expand the scope of the disputes and further escalate tensions.
g. The above-mentioned approach will be applied to the management of other areas with similar problems along the Cambodia-Thailand border.
Police: e. To this end, the Ministry of Interior and National Police from both countries will meet within one week after this meeting, to create a joint task force which will be tasked to develop an action plan on transnational crime.
Armed forces: The Meeting reaffirmed the practical conclusions of the four rounds of Extraordinary Regional Border Committee (RBC) Meetings between three Royal Cambodian Armed Forces (RCAF) Military Regions and two Royal Thai Armed Forces (RTARF) Army Areas and the Chanthaburi-Trat Border Defense Command.
e. The Meeting reaffirmed the importance of maintaining regular communication between all military regions, army areas, and border units on both sides, with a commitment to resolving issues peacefully and preventing clashes.
DDR: Security sector→DDR→Demilitarisation provisions
a. The Meeting acknowledged the need to de-escalate tensions through the removal of heavy and destructive weapons and equipment back to their respective normal military installations.
a. Both sides reaffirmed the importance of advancing humanitarian demining with the purpose of contributing to socio-economic development and the protection of civilian lives.
To this end, both sides agreed to establish, within one week after this meeting, a Joint Coordinating Task Force led by the GBC Secretariats of both sides, with the participation of CMAC and TMAC, to determine and agree on priority areas and to coordinate the planning and implementation of humanitarian demining.
Both sides will discuss and establish the Standard Operating Procedures necessary to complete this task.
Taking into account each side’s respective criteria, conditions, and positions, the Task Force will begin identifying pilot border areas for action within one month.
b. All these humanitarian demining actions are without prejudice to the survey and demarcation of land boundary between both countries.
Intelligence services: c. The Meeting encouraged enhanced cooperation at all levels between the relevant authorities of both countries to prevent and suppress cross-border crimes including arms, drugs, human and wildlife trafficking, forced labour, smuggling, and illegal border crossings while reaffirming support for joint border agency efforts, promoting information sharing, and ensuring that such issues are addressed in accordance with humanitarian principles and national laws.
d. The Meeting urged the relevant authorities to implement the cybercrime action plan, to be agreed upon by both sides, on online scams, encompassing strengthened border control, enhanced intelligence sharing, restrictions on illegal communication facilities, strategic communication efforts, and mechanisms to counter technological crimes.
Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces: No specific mention.
Withdrawal of foreign forces: a. The Meeting acknowledged the need to de-escalate tensions through the removal of heavy and destructive weapons and equipment back to their respective normal military installations.
Any necessary actions to ensure safety by either side will be conducted within their own positions as of the ceasefire at 24:00 hours (local time) on 28 July 2025 and in full compliance with the ceasefire terms reached at the Extraordinary GBC Meeting on 7 August 2025 in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Corruption: No specific mention.
Crime/organised crime: c. The Meeting encouraged enhanced cooperation at all levels between the relevant authorities of both countries to prevent and suppress cross-border crimes including arms, drugs, human and wildlife trafficking, forced labour, smuggling, and illegal border crossings while reaffirming support for joint border agency efforts, promoting information sharing, and ensuring that such issues are addressed in accordance with humanitarian principles and national laws.
d. The Meeting urged the relevant authorities to implement the cybercrime action plan, to be agreed upon by both sides, on online scams, encompassing strengthened border control, enhanced intelligence sharing, restrictions on illegal communication facilities, strategic communication efforts, and mechanisms to counter technological crimes.
e. To this end, the Ministry of Interior and National Police from both countries will meet within one week after this meeting, to create a joint task force which will be tasked to develop an action plan on transnational crime.
Drugs: c. The Meeting encouraged enhanced cooperation at all levels between the relevant authorities of both countries to prevent and suppress cross-border crimes including arms, drugs, human and wildlife trafficking, forced labour, smuggling, and illegal border crossings while reaffirming support for joint border agency efforts, promoting information sharing, and ensuring that such issues are addressed in accordance with humanitarian principles and national laws.
Terrorism: No specific mention.

Transitional justice

Transitional justice general: No specific mention.
Amnesty/pardon: No specific mention.
Courts: No specific mention.
Mechanism: No specific mention.
Prisoner release: i. As a gesture of friendship, mutual trust and confidence, and commitment to restoring relations and the return to normalcy, prisoners of war will be returned as soon as possible at an appropriate time on humanitarian grounds and in accordance with Article 118 of the Third Geneva Convention of 1949 and Rule 128 (A) of the Customary International Humanitarian Law.
Vetting: No specific mention.
Victims: No specific mention.
Missing persons: No specific mention.
Reparations: No specific mention.
Reconciliation: No specific mention.

Implementation

UN signatory: No specific mention.
Other international signatory: No specific mention.
Referendum for agreement: No specific mention.
International mission/force/similar: This action plan will be implemented under the observation and verification of AOT.
b. Both sides agreed in principle on the Terms of Reference (TOR) for the establishment of the AOT.
After both sides received approval from their respective authorities, Malaysia, as the ASEAN Chair, will be informed of the agreed TOR in order to assist with the formation of the AOT.
c. Pending the establishment of the AOT, both sides recognized the important role of the IOT and agreed to continue using the IOT mechanism to ensure the effective implementation of the ceasefire.
Any detected violation of the aforementioned will be reported accordingly to each side’s IOT/AOT.
Enforcement mechanism: No specific mention.

Joint Press Statement of the Special General Border Committee (GBC) Meeting, Koh Kong, Cambodia, 10 September 2025

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JOINT PRESS STATEMENT

SPECIAL GENERAL BORDER COMMITTEE (GBC) MEETING

Koh Kong, Cambodia

10 September 2025

The 1st Special Meeting of the General Border Committee (GBC) between the Kingdom of Cambodia and the Kingdom of Thailand was hosted by Cambodia on 10 September 2025 in Koh Kong Province, Kingdom of Cambodia.

The Meeting was co-chaired by H.E. General Tea Seiha, Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of National Defence of the Kingdom of Cambodia, and H.E. General Nattaphon Narkphanit, Acting Minister of Defence of the Kingdom of Thailand.

The aim of the 1st Special GBC Meeting was to review the positive outcomes of the Extraordinary General Border Committee Meeting (GBC) between the Kingdom of Cambodia and the Kingdom of Thailand, held on 7 August 2025, and to formulate necessary action plans for the purpose of fostering full and effective implementation of the ceasefire arrangement.

The Meeting reaffirmed the practical conclusions of the four rounds of Extraordinary Regional Border Committee (RBC) Meetings between three Royal Cambodian Armed Forces (RCAF) Military Regions and two Royal Thai Armed Forces (RTARF) Army Areas and the Chanthaburi-Trat Border Defense Command.

The mentioned RBC Meetings were held in August 2025 in Cambodia and Thailand, respectively.

The Meeting, based on the platform forged at the Extraordinary GBC Meeting, provided an opportunity for both sides to advance productive dialogue, promote confidence building measures, and mutually explore ways forward to peacefully settle disputes and other concerning matters, with a shared objective of returning to normalcy in the near future.

A three-day Joint Secretariat Meeting was held in Koh Kong Province, Kingdom of Cambodia, from 7 to 9 September 2025.

The Joint Secretariat Meeting was co-chaired by Major General Nhem Boraden, Deputy Chief of Cabinet Office of the Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of National Defence, and Lieutenant General Nuttapong Praokaew, Director of the Department of Border Affairs.

On this occasion, both secretariat teams worked closely together in a friendly, cordial, and productive atmosphere to take preparatory steps for the 1st Special Cambodia-Thailand GBC Meeting.

Both sides agreed to implement measures to de-escalate tensions and restore confidence as follows:

a. The Meeting acknowledged the need to de-escalate tensions through the removal of heavy and destructive weapons and equipment back to their respective normal military installations.

To this end, the Secretariats of the GBC and RBCs will start to discuss detailed, practical and step-by-step action plan within three (3) weeks after this meeting.

This action plan will be implemented under the observation and verification of AOT.

b. Both sides agreed in principle on the Terms of Reference (TOR) for the establishment of the AOT.

Both sides will proceed in accordance with their respective domestic law and regulations.

After both sides received approval from their respective authorities, Malaysia, as the ASEAN Chair, will be informed of the agreed TOR in order to assist with the formation of the AOT.

c. Pending the establishment of the AOT, both sides recognized the important role of the IOT and agreed to continue using the IOT mechanism to ensure the effective implementation of the ceasefire.

d. The Meeting welcomed the agreement not to expand the scope or scale of disputes, nor to engage in provocative activities that could escalate tensions.

Any necessary actions to ensure safety by either side will be conducted within their own positions as of the ceasefire at 24:00 hours (local time) on 28 July 2025 and in full compliance with the ceasefire terms reached at the Extraordinary GBC Meeting on 7 August 2025 in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

This measure is intended to promote mutual trust and cooperation.

e. The Meeting reaffirmed the importance of maintaining regular communication between all military regions, army areas, and border units on both sides, with a commitment to resolving issues peacefully and preventing clashes.

Both Cambodia and Thailand emphasized the need to further strengthen communication at all levels to build mutual trust and promote good neighbourliness.

f. The Meeting acknowledged the importance of refraining from disseminating false information, fake news, accusations, allegations, and harmful rhetorics whether through official government channels or unofficial platforms in order to de-escalate tensions, mitigate negative public sentiment, and foster an environment conducive to peaceful dialogue.

Any detected violation of the aforementioned will be reported accordingly to each side’s IOT/AOT.

g. The meeting supported efforts to prevent actions that undermine trust, incite hatred, provoke misunderstandings, or escalate tensions along the border.

Both sides reaffirmed their commitment to fostering mutual respect and promoting transparency to maintain stability and build long-term confidence.

h. The meeting aimed at fostering discussion and increase confidence to de-escalate tensions and maintain peace along the border, using all necessary mechanisms to resolve differences peacefully in the spirit of good neighbourliness, friendship, and solidarity.

i. As a gesture of friendship, mutual trust and confidence, and commitment to restoring relations and the return to normalcy, prisoners of war will be returned as soon as possible at an appropriate time on humanitarian grounds and in accordance with Article 118 of the Third Geneva Convention of 1949 and Rule 128 (A) of the Customary International Humanitarian Law.

j. Both sides agreed to consider the feasibility of reopening the border crossings between Chanthaburi and Trat Provinces in Thailand and Battambang Province in Cambodia, for the import and export of products or goods, except materiel intended for military purposes, to facilitate trade and economic activities necessary for the maintenance of critical regional supply chains.

Further details are to be discussed among both sides at the RBC Meeting.

Both sides agreed to implement measures for practical cooperation as follows:

a. Both sides reaffirmed the importance of advancing humanitarian demining with the purpose of contributing to socio-economic development and the protection of civilian lives.

To this end, both sides agreed to establish, within one week after this meeting, a Joint Coordinating Task Force led by the GBC Secretariats of both sides, with the participation of CMAC and TMAC, to determine and agree on priority areas and to coordinate the planning and implementation of humanitarian demining.

Both sides will discuss and establish the Standard Operating Procedures necessary to complete this task.

Taking into account each side’s respective criteria, conditions, and positions, the Task Force will begin identifying pilot border areas for action within one month.

b. All these humanitarian demining actions are without prejudice to the survey and demarcation of land boundary between both countries.

c. The Meeting encouraged enhanced cooperation at all levels between the relevant authorities of both countries to prevent and suppress cross-border crimes including arms, drugs, human and wildlife trafficking, forced labour, smuggling, and illegal border crossings while reaffirming support for joint border agency efforts, promoting information sharing, and ensuring that such issues are addressed in accordance with humanitarian principles and national laws.

d. The Meeting urged the relevant authorities to implement the cybercrime action plan, to be agreed upon by both sides, on online scams, encompassing strengthened border control, enhanced intelligence sharing, restrictions on illegal communication facilities, strategic communication efforts, and mechanisms to counter technological crimes.

e. To this end, the Ministry of Interior and National Police from both countries will meet within one week after this meeting, to create a joint task force which will be tasked to develop an action plan on transnational crime.

f. Regarding incidents in the area between Phum Chouk Chey Village, O Bei Chorn Commune, O Chrov District, Banteay Meanchey Province, Cambodia, and Nong Chan Village, Khok Sung District, Sa Kaeo Province, Thailand, both sides agreed as follows:

- Both sides recognized the JBC as a mechanism to bring a solution to issues related to joint survey and demarcation and agreed to refer this matter to the next JBC Meeting as a priority agenda.

- Both sides tasked the RBC to discuss the management of this matter at the earliest, in accordance with the outcome of the discussion under the JBC.

In the meantime, the Governors of Sa Kaeo Province and Banteay Meanchey Province will coordinate closely to peacefully manage the situation on the ground, including ceasing of all activities which expand the scope of the disputes and further escalate tensions.

g. The above-mentioned approach will be applied to the management of other areas with similar problems along the Cambodia-Thailand border.

The Meeting also task the next rounds of Regional Border Committee (RBC) Meetings as follow:

a. Discussion on the restoration of relations, the return to normalcy, and the resumption of the people-to-people exchanges.

b. Establishment of the Coordination Group (CG) in accordance with the composition, roles and responsibilities agreed by both sides.

c. Discussion on the composition, roles and responsibilities of the Township Border Committee (TBC) and submit the agreed outcomes to the GBC for approval and subsequent establishment.

Both sides agreed to schedule the 2nd Special General Border Committee (GBC) Meeting within 30 days after this meeting, with Thailand as the hosting state.