Protocol Concerning Safe Passage between the West Bank and the Gaza Strip

Country/entity
Israel
Palestine
Region
Middle East and North Africa
Agreement name
Protocol Concerning Safe Passage between the West Bank and the Gaza Strip
Date
05/10/1999
Agreement status
Multiparty signed/agreed
Interim arrangement
No
Agreement/conflict level
Intrastate/intrastate conflict (Arab-Israeli Conflicts (1948 - )
This conflict involves Israelis and Palestinians over territory and belonging and has long historical antecedents. The agreements post-1990 are between the Palestinian Liberation Organisation (PLO) and Israel, with some supporting inter-state agreements (i.e. between Israel and Jordan). More recently the importance of the once dominating Palestinian Liberation Organisation (PLO) has diminished not in the least due to the effective disappearance of its left-wing members and the loss of the popularity of their political wing, Fatah. Hamas and other Islamic groups have attained significant relevance in Fatah’s stead, with Hamas controlling the Gaza strip (from which Israel ultimately unilaterally withdrew (not coded as a peace agreement).

Geo-political implications of the conflict have been considerable across the MENA region.
Arab-Israeli Conflicts (1948 - ) )
Stage
Implementation/renegotiation (Implementation modalities)
Conflict nature
Government/territory
Peace process
63: Israel-Palestine peace process
Parties
Israel, signed for by Schlomo Ben Ami; PLO, signed for by Jamil Altarifi;
Third parties
Description
This agreement is pursuant to the Wye River memorandum of 23 October 1998 and the Sharm el-Sheikh Memorandum of 4 September 1999. It seeks to provides detailed modalities for the safe travel of persons between the West bank and the Gaza strip. It includes the need for safe passage cards, validation of such cards and issuance of safe passage permits thereafter.

Agreement document
IL_PS_991005_Regional_Protocol_Concerning_Safe_Passage_between_the_West_Bank_and_the_Gaza_Strip.pdf []

Main category
Page 4, 3. Use of Safe Passage
3. C. 5. Men over 50 and women shall generally receive their safe passage cards through the Palestinian side, except for special cases. The Israeli side will make all efforts to minimize such exceptions.

Women, girls and gender

Participation
No specific mention.
Equality
No specific mention.
Particular groups of women
No specific mention.
International law
No specific mention.
New institutions
No specific mention.
Violence against women
No specific mention.
Transitional justice
No specific mention.
Institutional reform
No specific mention.
Development
No specific mention.
Implementation
No specific mention.
Other
Page 4, 3. Use of Safe Passage
3. C. 5. Men over 50 and women shall generally receive their safe passage cards through the Palestinian side, except for special cases. The Israeli side will make all efforts to minimize such exceptions.

The University of Edinburgh