Acuerdo Nº2: Medidas Tempranas de Desescalamiento y Acciones Humanitarias Urgentes

Country/entity
Colombia
Region
Americas
Agreement name
Acuerdo Nº2: Medidas Tempranas de Desescalamiento y Acciones Humanitarias Urgentes
Date
29 Jun 2025
Agreement status
Multiparty signed/agreed
Interim arrangement
Yes
Agreement/conflict level
Intrastate/intrastate conflict
Stage
Framework/substantive - partial
Conflict nature
Government/territory
Peace process
Colombia VII - Petro Peace Dialogues with Segunda Marquetalia
Parties
Delegation of the Government of Colombia (specific individual names not provided in document)

Delegation of the Second Marquetalia-EB (specific individual names not provided in document)
Third parties
-
Description
This agreement between the Colombian Government and Second Marquetalia-EB establishes comprehensive early de-escalation measures and urgent humanitarian actions during the current administration. Key provisions include the creation of technical subcommittees for georeferencing Second Marquetalia-EB presence areas, commitments to respect International Humanitarian and Human Rights Law, protection of civilian populations (especially those under special constitutional protection), and the formation of a Humanitarian Mission to review prisoners. The Second Marquetalia-EB commits to maintaining its unilateral ceasefire, not remaining armed in urban centers, supporting voluntary illicit crop substitution programs, and participating in joint mine decontamination efforts, while the Government commits to suspending offensive military operations and prioritizing agrarian reform programs in affected territories.

Agreement document
CO_240715_Acuerdo Nº2: Medidas Tempranas de Desescalamiento y Acciones Humanitarias Urgentes_EN (opens in new tab) | Download PDF
Agreement document (original language)
CO_240715_Acuerdo Nº2: Medidas Tempranas de Desescalamiento y Acciones Humanitarias Urgentes (opens in new tab)| Download PDF
Source of document

https://www.consejeriacomisionadadepaz.gov.co/Dialogos_con_la-Coordinadora-Nacional-Ejercito-Bolivariano//Documents/Acuerdo_N%C2%BA2_Medidas_tempranas_de_desescalamiento_y_acciones_humanitarias.pdf


Groups

Children/youth

No specific mention.

Disabled persons

No specific mention.

Elderly/age

No specific mention.

Migrant workers

No specific mention.

Racial/ethnic/national group

No specific mention.

Religious groups

No specific mention.

Indigenous people

No specific mention.

Other groups
Groups→Other groups→Substantive
The immediate measures include:
...
Likewise, it pledges to release any individuals it holds captive and to respect and guarantee the rights of the civilian population, especially those communities under special constitutional protection within the territories where the Second Marquetalia-EB operates.
Refugees/displaced persons

No specific mention.

Social class

No specific mention.


Gender

Women, girls and gender

No specific mention.

Men and boys

No specific mention.

LGBTI

No specific mention.

Family
The immediate measures include:
...
The Second Marquetalia-EB is committed to supporting the plans for the gradual voluntary substitution of illicit crops agreed upon with the farming families, as well as the other measures to be defined at the negotiation table for the economic transition of these areas.

State definition

Nature of state (general)

No specific mention.

State configuration

No specific mention.

Self determination

No specific mention.

Referendum

No specific mention.

State symbols

No specific mention.

Independence/secession

No specific mention.

Accession/unification

No specific mention.

Border delimitation

No specific mention.

Cross-border provision

No specific mention.


Governance

Political institutions (new or reformed)

No specific mention.

Elections

No specific mention.

Electoral commission

No specific mention.

Political parties reform

No specific mention.

Civil society

No specific mention.

Traditional/religious leaders

No specific mention.

Public administration

No specific mention.

Constitution

No specific mention.


Power sharing

Political power sharing

No specific mention.

Territorial power sharing

No specific mention.

Economic power sharing

No specific mention.

Military power sharing

No specific mention.


Human rights and equality

Human rights/RoL general
2. The Second Marquetalia-EB reaffirms its respect for IHL, IHRL, and full guarantees for the rights of the civilian population, with particular attention to persons requiring special protection.
Bill of rights/similar

No specific mention.

Treaty incorporation
For its part, the Government of Colombia reiterates its firm commitment to the protection of fundamental rights and guarantees enshrined in the Constitution and in the covenants, conventions, and protocols related to International Humanitarian Law.
Civil and political rights
Human rights and equality→Civil and political rights→Humane treatment in detention
The immediate measures include:
...
6. The delegation of the Government of Colombia and the delegation of the Second Marquetalia-EB are responsible for forming a subcommittee, the Humanitarian Mission, to review the situation of individuals deprived of their liberty who belong to, or are accused of belonging to, the Second Marquetalia-EB, with the support of the Ombudsman's Office for prison affairs.
Socio-economic rights

No specific mention.


Rights related issues

Citizenship

No specific mention.

Democracy

No specific mention.

Detention procedures

No specific mention.

Media and communication

No specific mention.

Mobility/access
The immediate measures include:
...
d) The Second Marquetalia-EB pledges not to remain armed or in uniform in municipal capitals and urban centres, nor on primary and secondary land and river routes.
Protection measures
Rights related issues→Protection measures→Protection of civilians
2. The Second Marquetalia-EB reaffirms its respect for IHL, IHRL, and full guarantees for the rights of the civilian population, with particular attention to persons requiring special protection.
...
The immediate measures include:
...
Likewise, it pledges to release any individuals it holds captive and to respect and guarantee the rights of the civilian population, especially those communities under special constitutional protection within the territories where the Second Marquetalia-EB operates.
...
7. The delegation of the Government of Colombia and the delegation of the Second Marquetalia-EB reject the use of antipersonnel mines and acknowledge the harm caused by these weapons of war.
Rights related issues→Protection measures→Protection of groups
The immediate measures include:
...
Likewise, it pledges to release any individuals it holds captive and to respect and guarantee the rights of the civilian population, especially those communities under special constitutional protection within the territories where the Second Marquetalia-EB operates.
...
The Second Marquetalia-EB reiterates its commitment to unconditionally respect the lives and integrity of state officials and beneficiaries of these programmes in the territories where it maintains a presence.
Other

No specific mention.


Rights institutions

NHRI
Rights institutions→NHRI→Mentions of NHRI
The immediate measures include:
...
6. The delegation of the Government of Colombia and the delegation of the Second Marquetalia-EB are responsible for forming a subcommittee, the Humanitarian Mission, to review the situation of individuals deprived of their liberty who belong to, or are accused of belonging to, the Second Marquetalia-EB, with the support of the Ombudsman's Office for prison affairs.
Regional or international human rights institutions

No specific mention.


Justice sector reform

Criminal justice and emergency law

No specific mention.

State of emergency provisions

No specific mention.

Judiciary and courts

No specific mention.

Prisons and detention

No specific mention.

Traditional Laws

No specific mention.


Socio-economic reconstruction

Development or socio-economic reconstruction
Socio-economic reconstruction→Development or socio-economic reconstruction→Socio-economic development
The immediate measures include:
...
c) A meeting will be held with the communities and representatives of the delegation of the Colombian Government and the delegation of the Second Marquetalia-EB in Tumaco, Nariño, to present this de-escalation agreement and define the methodology and timeline for the identification of social and economic projects with rapid impact.
...
h) Within the framework of economic measures for the de-escalation of the armed conflict and the territorial transformation for peace, the National Government will prioritise comprehensive agrarian reform and land restitution programmes.
...
i) Within the framework of the comprehensive de-escalation of the armed conflict, the Second Marquetalia-EB and the National Government will develop a set of measures for the early contribution to the reparation of the victims of the conflict in areas where territorial transformation activities for peace are being carried out.
...
"Sowing life, we eradicate drug trafficking", which prioritises substitution as a strategy to provide productive alternatives to coca leaf growing communities.
The Second Marquetalia-EB is committed to supporting the plans for the gradual voluntary substitution of illicit crops agreed upon with the farming families, as well as the other measures to be defined at the negotiation table for the economic transition of these areas.
National economic plan

No specific mention.

Natural resources
The immediate measures include:
...
"Sowing life, we eradicate drug trafficking", which prioritises substitution as a strategy to provide productive alternatives to coca leaf growing communities.
The Second Marquetalia-EB is committed to supporting the plans for the gradual voluntary substitution of illicit crops agreed upon with the farming families, as well as the other measures to be defined at the negotiation table for the economic transition of these areas.
International funds

No specific mention.

Business

No specific mention.

Taxation

No specific mention.

Banks

No specific mention.


Land, property and environment

Land reform/rights
Land, property and environment→Land reform/rights→Land reform and management
The immediate measures include:
...
h) Within the framework of economic measures for the de-escalation of the armed conflict and the territorial transformation for peace, the National Government will prioritise comprehensive agrarian reform and land restitution programmes.
Land, property and environment→Land reform/rights→Property return and restitution
The immediate measures include:
...
h) Within the framework of economic measures for the de-escalation of the armed conflict and the territorial transformation for peace, the National Government will prioritise comprehensive agrarian reform and land restitution programmes.
Pastoralist/nomadism rights

No specific mention.

Cultural heritage

No specific mention.

Environment

No specific mention.

Water or riparian rights or access

No specific mention.


Security sector

Security Guarantees
1. The Second Marquetalia-EB reiterates before the negotiation table, the country, and the international community its declaration of founding principles, stating that it "does not identify soldiers and police officers as military targets and will refrain from making arrests."
...
3. The delegations of the Government of Colombia and the Second Marquetalia-EB emphatically reject any armed action against the civilian population and, in particular, against signatories of peace agreements in the process of reincorporation, such as AETCR Óscar Mondragón of the village of Miravelle, San Vicente del Caguán, and against social leaders.
...
The immediate measures include:
...
The National Government will guarantee the necessary security measures for this meeting to take place.
...
In areas where the comprehensive de-escalation measures are being implemented, the Public Force will provide the necessary security.
Ceasefire
Security sector→Ceasefire→Ceasefire provision
1. The Second Marquetalia-EB reiterates before the negotiation table, the country, and the international community its declaration of founding principles, stating that it "does not identify soldiers and police officers as military targets and will refrain from making arrests."
...
3. The delegations of the Government of Colombia and the Second Marquetalia-EB emphatically reject any armed action against the civilian population and, in particular, against signatories of peace agreements in the process of reincorporation, such as AETCR Óscar Mondragón of the village of Miravelle, San Vicente del Caguán, and against social leaders.
...
The immediate measures include:
a) A technical subcommittee will be formed, comprised of representatives from the delegations of the National Government and the Second Marquetalia-EB, and will include accompanying persons and guarantors.
This subcommittee will be responsible for establishing georeferencing in the municipalities, districts, and rural communities where the Second Marquetalia-EB is present.
...
b) The National Government shall adopt the necessary measures for the participation of the representatives of the Second Marquetalia-EB delegation in the subcommittee.
...
g) The comprehensive implementation of the de-escalation plan will begin upon the entry into force of the Presidential Decree suspending offensive military operations.
In areas where the comprehensive de-escalation measures are being implemented, the Public Force will provide the necessary security.
...
The Second Marquetalia-EB reiterates its commitment to unconditionally respect the lives and integrity of state officials and beneficiaries of these programmes in the territories where it maintains a presence.
i) Within the framework of the comprehensive de-escalation of the armed conflict, the Second Marquetalia-EB and the National Government will develop a set of measures for the early contribution to the reparation of the victims of the conflict in areas where territorial transformation activities for peace are being carried out.
Security sector→Ceasefire→General commitments
The immediate measures include:
...
c) A meeting will be held with the communities and representatives of the delegation of the Colombian Government and the delegation of the Second Marquetalia-EB in Tumaco, Nariño, to present this de-escalation agreement and define the methodology and timeline for the identification of social and economic projects with rapid impact.
...
h) Within the framework of economic measures for the de-escalation of the armed conflict and the territorial transformation for peace, the National Government will prioritise comprehensive agrarian reform and land restitution programmes.
Police
1. The Second Marquetalia-EB reiterates before the negotiation table, the country, and the international community its declaration of founding principles, stating that it "does not identify soldiers and police officers as military targets and will refrain from making arrests."
...
The immediate measures include:
...
e) The Public Force shall act in accordance with the aforementioned measures.
f) The unilateral ceasefire declared by the Second Marquetalia-EB does not imply limiting the constitutional and legal powers of the Public Force.
...
In areas where the comprehensive de-escalation measures are being implemented, the Public Force will provide the necessary security.
Armed forces
1. The Second Marquetalia-EB reiterates before the negotiation table, the country, and the international community its declaration of founding principles, stating that it "does not identify soldiers and police officers as military targets and will refrain from making arrests."
...
The immediate measures include:
...
e) The Public Force shall act in accordance with the aforementioned measures.
f) The unilateral ceasefire declared by the Second Marquetalia-EB does not imply limiting the constitutional and legal powers of the Public Force.
g) The comprehensive implementation of the de-escalation plan will begin upon the entry into force of the Presidential Decree suspending offensive military operations.
In areas where the comprehensive de-escalation measures are being implemented, the Public Force will provide the necessary security.
DDR
Security sector→DDR→Demilitarisation provisions
3. The delegations of the Government of Colombia and the Second Marquetalia-EB emphatically reject any armed action against the civilian population and, in particular, against signatories of peace agreements in the process of reincorporation, such as AETCR Óscar Mondragón of the village of Miravelle, San Vicente del Caguán, and against social leaders.
...
The immediate measures include:
...
d) The Second Marquetalia-EB pledges not to remain armed or in uniform in municipal capitals and urban centres, nor on primary and secondary land and river routes.
...
Consequently, joint plans will be agreed upon for the decontamination of mined areas in the territories where the Second Marquetalia-EB is present.
It was decided to develop a map and a proposal for comprehensive actions against antipersonnel mines and unexploded ordnance, which will be discussed in the next cycle.
Intelligence services

No specific mention.

Parastatal/rebel and opposition group forces
1. The Second Marquetalia-EB reiterates before the negotiation table, the country, and the international community its declaration of founding principles, stating that it "does not identify soldiers and police officers as military targets and will refrain from making arrests."
It also maintains its unilateral and temporary ceasefire during the current administration.
2. The Second Marquetalia-EB reaffirms its respect for IHL, IHRL, and full guarantees for the rights of the civilian population, with particular attention to persons requiring special protection.
...
3. The delegations of the Government of Colombia and the Second Marquetalia-EB emphatically reject any armed action against the civilian population and, in particular, against signatories of peace agreements in the process of reincorporation, such as AETCR Óscar Mondragón of the village of Miravelle, San Vicente del Caguán, and against social leaders.
...
The immediate measures include:
a) A technical subcommittee will be formed, comprised of representatives from the delegations of the National Government and the Second Marquetalia-EB, and will include accompanying persons and guarantors.
This subcommittee will be responsible for establishing georeferencing in the municipalities, districts, and rural communities where the Second Marquetalia-EB is present.
...
b) The National Government shall adopt the necessary measures for the participation of the representatives of the Second Marquetalia-EB delegation in the subcommittee.
c) A meeting will be held with the communities and representatives of the delegation of the Colombian Government and the delegation of the Second Marquetalia-EB in Tumaco, Nariño, to present this de-escalation agreement and define the methodology and timeline for the identification of social and economic projects with rapid impact.
...
d) The Second Marquetalia-EB pledges not to remain armed or in uniform in municipal capitals and urban centres, nor on primary and secondary land and river routes.
...
f) The unilateral ceasefire declared by the Second Marquetalia-EB does not imply limiting the constitutional and legal powers of the Public Force.
...
The Second Marquetalia-EB reiterates its commitment to unconditionally respect the lives and integrity of state officials and beneficiaries of these programmes in the territories where it maintains a presence.
i) Within the framework of the comprehensive de-escalation of the armed conflict, the Second Marquetalia-EB and the National Government will develop a set of measures for the early contribution to the reparation of the victims of the conflict in areas where territorial transformation activities for peace are being carried out.
...
The Second Marquetalia-EB is committed to supporting the plans for the gradual voluntary substitution of illicit crops agreed upon with the farming families, as well as the other measures to be defined at the negotiation table for the economic transition of these areas.
6. The delegation of the Government of Colombia and the delegation of the Second Marquetalia-EB are responsible for forming a subcommittee, the Humanitarian Mission, to review the situation of individuals deprived of their liberty who belong to, or are accused of belonging to, the Second Marquetalia-EB, with the support of the Ombudsman's Office for prison affairs.
...
Consequently, joint plans will be agreed upon for the decontamination of mined areas in the territories where the Second Marquetalia-EB is present.
Withdrawal of foreign forces

No specific mention.

Corruption

No specific mention.

Crime/organised crime

No specific mention.

Drugs
The immediate measures include:
...
5. The Colombian government maintains its decision not to carry out fumigation operations in areas where illicit crops are grown and reserves its right to resort to their eradication in accordance with the Government's drug policy approach:
"Sowing life, we eradicate drug trafficking", which prioritises substitution as a strategy to provide productive alternatives to coca leaf growing communities.
The Second Marquetalia-EB is committed to supporting the plans for the gradual voluntary substitution of illicit crops agreed upon with the farming families, as well as the other measures to be defined at the negotiation table for the economic transition of these areas.
Terrorism

No specific mention.


Transitional justice

Transitional justice general

No specific mention.

Amnesty/pardon

No specific mention.

Courts

No specific mention.

Mechanism

No specific mention.

Prisoner release
The immediate measures include:
...
Likewise, it pledges to release any individuals it holds captive and to respect and guarantee the rights of the civilian population, especially those communities under special constitutional protection within the territories where the Second Marquetalia-EB operates.
Vetting

No specific mention.

Victims
The immediate measures include:
...
i) Within the framework of the comprehensive de-escalation of the armed conflict, the Second Marquetalia-EB and the National Government will develop a set of measures for the early contribution to the reparation of the victims of the conflict in areas where territorial transformation activities for peace are being carried out.
Missing persons

No specific mention.

Reparations
Transitional justice→Reparations→Symbolic reparations
The immediate measures include:
...
i) Within the framework of the comprehensive de-escalation of the armed conflict, the Second Marquetalia-EB and the National Government will develop a set of measures for the early contribution to the reparation of the victims of the conflict in areas where territorial transformation activities for peace are being carried out.
Reconciliation

No specific mention.


Implementation

UN signatory

No specific mention.

Other international signatory

No specific mention.

Referendum for agreement

No specific mention.

International mission/force/similar
The immediate measures include:
...
This meeting must be held no later than July 20, 2024, and the participation of the guarantor countries, the United Nations Verification Mission, and the Colombian Episcopal Conference is requested.
...
The delegation of the Government and the delegation of the Second Marquetalia-EB will request the participation of guarantor countries and permanent observers in this process.
...
8. The delegation of the Government of Colombia and the delegation of the Second Marquetalia-EB will request the entities accompanying the negotiation table, the Episcopal Conference and the United Nations Verification Mission, to carry out the tasks of monitoring and early follow-up of what was agreed in this document, in conjunction with representatives of the two delegations.
Enforcement mechanism

No specific mention.


Source agreement

ANNEX 2

AGREEMENT NO.

2:

EARLY DE-ESCALATION MEASURES AND URGENT HUMANITARIAN ACTIONS.

1. The Second Marquetalia-EB reiterates before the negotiation table, the country, and the international community its declaration of founding principles, stating that it "does not identify soldiers and police officers as military targets and will refrain from making arrests."

It also maintains its unilateral and temporary ceasefire during the current administration.

2. The Second Marquetalia-EB reaffirms its respect for IHL, IHRL, and full guarantees for the rights of the civilian population, with particular attention to persons requiring special protection.

For its part, the Government of Colombia reiterates its firm commitment to the protection of fundamental rights and guarantees enshrined in the Constitution and in the covenants, conventions, and protocols related to International Humanitarian Law.

3. The delegations of the Government of Colombia and the Second Marquetalia-EB emphatically reject any armed action against the civilian population and, in particular, against signatories of peace agreements in the process of reincorporation, such as AETCR Óscar Mondragón of the village of Miravelle, San Vicente del Caguán, and against social leaders.

4. The comprehensive and gradual de-escalation includes immediate and progressive military, economic, and social measures.

The immediate measures include:

a) A technical subcommittee will be formed, comprised of representatives from the delegations of the National Government and the Second Marquetalia-EB, and will include accompanying persons and guarantors.

This subcommittee will be responsible for establishing georeferencing in the municipalities, districts, and rural communities where the Second Marquetalia-EB is present.

The subcommittee shall submit its report to the Board by July 15.

b) The National Government shall adopt the necessary measures for the participation of the representatives of the Second Marquetalia-EB delegation in the subcommittee.

c) A meeting will be held with the communities and representatives of the delegation of the Colombian Government and the delegation of the Second Marquetalia-EB in Tumaco, Nariño, to present this de-escalation agreement and define the methodology and timeline for the identification of social and economic projects with rapid impact.

This meeting must be held no later than July 20, 2024, and the participation of the guarantor countries, the United Nations Verification Mission, and the Colombian Episcopal Conference is requested.

The National Government will guarantee the necessary security measures for this meeting to take place.

d) The Second Marquetalia-EB pledges not to remain armed or in uniform in municipal capitals and urban centres, nor on primary and secondary land and river routes.

Likewise, it pledges to release any individuals it holds captive and to respect and guarantee the rights of the civilian population, especially those communities under special constitutional protection within the territories where the Second Marquetalia-EB operates.

e) The Public Force shall act in accordance with the aforementioned measures.

f) The unilateral ceasefire declared by the Second Marquetalia-EB does not imply limiting the constitutional and legal powers of the Public Force.

g) The comprehensive implementation of the de-escalation plan will begin upon the entry into force of the Presidential Decree suspending offensive military operations.

In areas where the comprehensive de-escalation measures are being implemented, the Public Force will provide the necessary security.

h) Within the framework of economic measures for the de-escalation of the armed conflict and the territorial transformation for peace, the National Government will prioritise comprehensive agrarian reform and land restitution programmes.

The Second Marquetalia-EB reiterates its commitment to unconditionally respect the lives and integrity of state officials and beneficiaries of these programmes in the territories where it maintains a presence.

i) Within the framework of the comprehensive de-escalation of the armed conflict, the Second Marquetalia-EB and the National Government will develop a set of measures for the early contribution to the reparation of the victims of the conflict in areas where territorial transformation activities for peace are being carried out.

5. The Colombian government maintains its decision not to carry out fumigation operations in areas where illicit crops are grown and reserves its right to resort to their eradication in accordance with the Government's drug policy approach:

"Sowing life, we eradicate drug trafficking", which prioritises substitution as a strategy to provide productive alternatives to coca leaf growing communities.

The Second Marquetalia-EB is committed to supporting the plans for the gradual voluntary substitution of illicit crops agreed upon with the farming families, as well as the other measures to be defined at the negotiation table for the economic transition of these areas.

6. The delegation of the Government of Colombia and the delegation of the Second Marquetalia-EB are responsible for forming a subcommittee, the Humanitarian Mission, to review the situation of individuals deprived of their liberty who belong to, or are accused of belonging to, the Second Marquetalia-EB, with the support of the Ombudsman's Office for prison affairs.

The delegation of the Government and the delegation of the Second Marquetalia-EB will request the participation of guarantor countries and permanent observers in this process.

7. The delegation of the Government of Colombia and the delegation of the Second Marquetalia-EB reject the use of antipersonnel mines and acknowledge the harm caused by these weapons of war.

Consequently, joint plans will be agreed upon for the decontamination of mined areas in the territories where the Second Marquetalia-EB is present.

It was decided to develop a map and a proposal for comprehensive actions against antipersonnel mines and unexploded ordnance, which will be discussed in the next cycle.

8. The delegation of the Government of Colombia and the delegation of the Second Marquetalia-EB will request the entities accompanying the negotiation table, the Episcopal Conference and the United Nations Verification Mission, to carry out the tasks of monitoring and early follow-up of what was agreed in this document, in conjunction with representatives of the two delegations.